中外合资经营企业法

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1、THE LAW OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON CHINESE-FOREIGN Equity JOINT VENTURES (Adopted by the Second Session of the Fifth National Peoples Congress on July 1, 1979 and revised in accordance with Resolution on Revision of the Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Chinese-Foreign Joint Venture o

2、f the Third Session of the Seventh National Peoples Congress on April 4, 1990, revised for the second time in accordance with Resolution on Revision of the Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Chinese-Foreign Joint Venture of the Fourth Session of the Ninth National Peoples Congress on March 15,

3、2001) 中华人民共和国主席令（第四十八号）（相关资料:法律2篇行政法规6篇部门规章60篇司法解释2篇其他规范性文件1篇案例2篇裁判文书138篇修订沿革相关论文106篇实务指南）全国人民代表大会关于修改中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法的决定已由中华人民共和国第九届全国人民代表大会第四次会议于年月日通过，现予公布，自公布之日起施行。 中华人民共和国主席江泽民年月日中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法（年月日第五届全国人民代表大会第二次会议通过根据年月日第七届全国人民代表大会第三次会议关于修改中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法的决定修正根据年月日第九届全国人民代表大会第四次会议关于修改中华人民共和国中

4、外合资经营企业法的决定第二次修正）Article 1 With a view to expanding international economic co-operation and technical exchange, the Peoples Republic of China permits foreign companies, enterprises, other economic organizations or individuals (hereafter referred to as foreign joint venture)to joint with Chinese comp

5、anies, enterprise or other economic organizations (hereafter referred to as Chinese joint ventures) in establishing joint ventures in the Peoples Republic of China in accordance with the principle of equality and mutual benefit and subject to approval by the Chinese Government. 第一条中华人民共和国为了扩大国际经济合作和

6、技术交流，允许外国公司、企业和其它经济组织或个人（以下简称外国合营者），按照平等互利的原则，经中国政府批准，在中华人民共和国境内，同中国的公司、企业或其它经济组织（以下简称中国合营者）共同举办合营企业。（相关资料:裁判文书8篇修订沿革相关论文2篇实务指南）Article 2 The Chinese Government protects, in accordance with the law, the investment of foreign joint ventures, the profits due to them and their other lawful rights and i

7、nterest in a joint venture, pursuant to the agreement, contract and articles of association approved by the Chinese Government. Joint ventures shall follow the provisions of the laws and regulations of the Peoples Republic of China in all their activities. The state does not practise nationalization

8、 and expropriation of a joint venture; under special circumstances, the state, in accordance with the needs of social public interest, expropriates a joint venture pursuant to legal procedures and offers corresponding compensations. 第二条中国政府依法保护外国合营者按照经中国政府批准的协议、合同、章程在合营企业的投资、应分得的利润和其它合法权益。合营企业的一切活动应

9、遵守中华人民共和国法律、法规的规定。国家对合营企业不实行国有化和征收；在特殊情况下，根据社会公共利益的需要，对合营企业可以依照法律程序实行征收，并给予相应的补偿。（相关资料:裁判文书17篇修订沿革相关论文1篇实务指南）Article 3 The joint venture agreement, contract and articles of association signed by the parties to the venture shall be submitted to the competent authorities of foreign economic relations

10、and trade (hereafter referred to as approval authorities), and the approval authorities shall, within three months, decide whether to approve or disapprove them. After approval, the joint venture shall register with the state competent authorities of administration for industry and commerce to obtai

11、n a licence to do business and start operations. 第三条合营各方签订的合营协议、合同、章程，应报国家对外经济贸易主管部门（以下称审查批准机关）审查批准。审查批准机关应在三个月内决定批准或不批准。合营企业经批准后，向国家工商行政管理主管部门登记，领取营业执照，开始营业。（相关资料:地方法规13篇案例1篇裁判文书29篇修订沿革相关论文3篇实务指南）Article 4 A joint venture shall take the form of a limited liability company. The proportion of the inv

12、estment contributed by the foreign joint venturer(s) shall generally not be less than 25% of the registered capital of a joint venture. The parties to the venture shall share the profits, risks and losses in proportion to their respective contributions to the registered capital. No assignment of the

13、 registered capital of a joint venturer shall be made without the consent of the other parties to the venture. 第四条合营企业的形式为有限责任公司。在合营企业的注册资本中，外国合营者的投资比例一般不低于百分之二十五。合营各方按注册资本比例分享利润和分担风险及亏损。合营者的注册资本如果转让必须经合营各方同意。（相关资料:部门规章1篇裁判文书12篇修订沿革相关论文9篇实务指南）Article 5 Each party to a joint venture may make its inve

14、stment in cash, in kind or in industrial property rights, etc. The technology and the equipment that serve as a foreign joint venturers investment must be advanced technology and equipment that actually suit our countrys needs. If the foreign joint venturer causes losses by deception through the int

15、entional use of backward technology and equipment, it shall pay compensation for the losses. The investment of a Chinese joint venturer may include the right to the use of a site provided for the joint venture during the period of its operation. If the right to the use of the site does not constitut

16、e a part of a Chinese joint venturers investment, the joint venture shall pay the Chinese Government a fee for its use. The various investments referred to above shall be specified in the joint venture contract and articles of association, and the value of each (excluding that of the site) shall be

17、jointly assessed by the parties to the venture. 第五条合营企业各方可以现金、实物、工业产权等进行投资。外国合营者作为投资的技术和设备，必须确实是适合我国需要的先进技术和设备。如果有意以落后的技术和设备进行欺骗，造成损失的，应赔偿损失。中国合营者的投资可包括为合营企业经营期间提供的场地使用权。如果场地使用权未作为中国合营者投资的一部分，合营企业应向中国政府缴纳使用费。上述各项投资应在合营企业的合同和章程中加以规定，其价格（场地除外）由合营各方评议商定。（相关资料:裁判文书3篇修订沿革相关论文7篇实务指南）Article 6 A joint vent

18、ure shall have a board of directors, which shall have its size and composition stipulated in the contract and the articles of association after consultation between the parties to the venture, and the directors shall be appointed and replaced by the parties to the venture. The Chairman and the vice-

19、chairman are determined by the parties to the venture or elected by the board of directors. Either party of the Chinese-foreign joint venture may be the chairman and the other shall assume the office of vice-chairman. In handling major problems, the board of directors shall reach a decision through

20、consultation by the parties to the venture, in accordance with the principle of equality and mutual benefit. The board of directors is empowered, pursuant to the provisions of the articles of association of the joint venture, to discuss and decide all major problems of the venture: expansion program

21、mes, proposals for production and operating activities, the budget for revenues and expenditures, distribution of profits, plans concerning manpower and pay scales, the termination of business and the appointment or employment of the president, the vice-president(s), the chief engineer, the treasure

22、r and the auditors, as well as their powers and terms of employment, etc. The offices of president and vice-president(s) (or factory manager and deputy manager(s) shall be assumed by the respective parties to the venture. Contracts shall be entered into in accordance with the law to prescribe the re

23、cruitment, dismissal, remuneration, welfare, labor protection, labor insurance, etc. 第六条合营企业设董事会，其人数组成由合营各方协商，在合同、章程中确定，并由合营各方委派和撤换。董事长和副董事长由合营各方协商确定或由董事会选举产生。中外合营者的一方担任董事长的，由他方担任副董事长。董事会根据平等互利的原则，决定合营企业的重大问题。董事会的职权是按合营企业章程规定，讨论决定合营企业的一切重大问题：企业发展规划、生产经营活动方案、收支预算、利润分配、劳动工资计划、停业，以及总经理、副总经理、总工程师、总会计师、审

24、计师的任命或聘请及其职权和待遇等。正副总经理（或正副厂长）由合营各方分别担任。合营企业职工的录用、辞退、报酬、福利、劳动保护、劳动保险等事项，应当依法通过订立合同加以规定。（相关资料:裁判文书18篇修订沿革相关论文3篇实务指南）Article 7 The staff employees of the joint venture may establish trade unions in accordance with the law, carry out the activities of the trade union and defend the lawful rights and int

25、erests of the employees.Joint ventures shall provide necessary conditions for the activities of the trade unions thereof.第七条合营企业的职工依法建立工会组织，开展工会活动，维护职工的合法权益。合营企业应当为本企业工会提供必要的活动条件。（相关资料:裁判文书2篇实务指南）Article 8 After payment, pursuant to the provisions of the tax laws of the Peoples Republic of China, of

26、 the joint venture income tax on the gross profit earned by the joint venture and after deduction from the gross profit of a reserve fund, a bonus and welfare fund for staff and workers, and a venture expansion fund, as provided in the articles of association of the joint venture, the net profit sha

27、ll be distributed to the parties to the joint venture in proportion to their respective contributions to the registered capital. A joint venture may enjoy the preferential treatment of reduction of or exemption from tax pursuant to relevant state taxation laws or administrative decrees. A foreign jo

28、int venturer that reinvests in China its share of the net profit may apply for refund of a part of the income taxes already paid. 第八条合营企业获得的毛利润，按中华人民共和国税法规定缴纳合营企业所得税后，扣除合营企业章程规定的储备基金、职工奖励及福利基金、企业发展基金，净利润根据合营各方注册资本的比例进行分配。合营企业依照国家有关税收的法律和行政法规的规定，可以享受减税、免税的优惠待遇。外国合营者将分得的净利润用于在中国境内再投资时，可申请退还已缴纳的部分所得税。（

29、相关资料:裁判文书4篇修订沿革相关论文1篇实务指南）Article 9 A joint venture shall, with its business licence, open a foreign exchange account at the banks or other financial organizations approved by the state foreign exchange control administrative organs to handle foreign exchange business. The pertinent foreign exchange

30、 transactions of a joint venture shall be conducted in accordance with the regulations on foreign exchange control of the Peoples Republic of China. In its operating activities a joint venture may directly raise funds from foreign banks. All insurances of joint ventures shall be procured at the insu

31、rance companies within the territory of the Peoples Republic of China.第九条合营企业应凭营业执照在国家外汇管理机关允许经营外汇业务的银行或其它金融机构开立外汇帐户。合营企业的有关外汇事宜，应遵照中华人民共和国外汇管理条例办理。合营企业在其经营活动中，可直接向外国银行筹措资金。合营企业的各项保险应向中国境内的保险公司投保。（相关资料:裁判文书1篇修订沿革相关论文2篇实务指南）Article 10 The Joint venture may purchase the materials such as raw materials

32、, fuels, etc. as needed within the approved scope of business either on the domestic or international market according to the principle of fairness and reasonableness. A joint venture is encouraged to market its products outside China. Export products may be distributed to foreign markets through th

33、e joint venture directly or through associated agencies, and they may also be distributed through Chinas foreign trade agencies. Products of the joint venture may also be distributed in the Chinese market. Whenever necessary, a joint venture may establish branches outside China. 第十条合营企业在批准的经营范围内所需的原

34、材料、燃料等物资，按照公平、合理的原则，可以在国内市场或者在国际市场上购买。鼓励合营企业向中国境外销售产品。出口产品可由合营企业直接或与其有关的委托机构向国外市场出售，也可通过中国的外贸机构出售。合营企业产品也可在中国市场销售。合营企业需要时可在中国境外设立分支机构。（相关资料:裁判文书3篇修订沿革相关论文1篇实务指南）Article 11 The net profit that a foreign joint venturer receives after fulfilling its obligations under the laws and the agreement and the

35、contract, the funds it receives at the time of the joint ventures scheduled expiration or early termination, and its other funds may be remitted abroad in accordance with the foreign exchange regulations and in the currency specified in the joint venture contract. A foreign joint venturer shall be e

36、ncouraged to deposit in the Bank of China foreign exchange that it is entitled to remit abroad. 第十一条外国合营者在履行法律和协议、合同规定的义务后分得的净利润，在合营企业期满或者中止时所分得的资金以及其它资金，可按合营企业合同规定的货币，按外汇管理条例汇往国外。鼓励外国合营者将可汇出的外汇存入中国银行。（相关资料:修订沿革实务指南）Article 12 The wages, salaries and other legitimate income earned by the foreign sta

37、ff and workers of a joint venture, after payment of the individual income tax under the tax laws of the Peoples Republic of China, may be remitted abroad in accordance with the foreign exchange regulations. 第十二条合营企业的外籍职工的工资收入和其它正当收入，按中华人民共和国税法缴纳个人所得税后，可按外汇管理条例汇往国外。（相关资料:修订沿革实务指南）Article 13 The contr

38、act period of a joint venture may be decided differently according to its particular line of business and circumstance. The joint ventures of some trades should decided the contract period; and other may or may not decide the contract period. A joint venture that has set a contract period should, if

39、 the parties to the joint venture agree to extend the contract period, apply to the approval authorities six months ahead of the expiration of the contract period. The latter should make the decision of approval or disapproval within one month as of the date of application. 第十三条合营企业的合营期限，按不同行业、不同情况，

40、作不同的约定。有的行业的合营企业，应当约定合营期限；有的行业的合营企业，可以约定合营期限，也可以不约定合营期限。约定合营期限的合营企业，合营各方同意延长合营期限的，应在距合营期满六个月前向审查批准机关提出申请。审查批准机关应自接到申请之日起一个月内决定批准或不批准。（相关资料:部门规章1篇地方法规1篇裁判文书2篇修订沿革实务指南）Article 14 In case of heavy losses, failure of a party to fulfil the obligations prescribed by the contract and the articles of associ

41、ation, force majeure, etc, the contract may be terminated through consultation and agreement by the parties to the venture, subject to approval by the approval authorities and to registration with the state competent authorities of administration for industry and commerce. In cases of losses caused

42、by a breach of contract, the financial responsibility shall be borne by the party that has violated the contract. 第十四条合营企业如发生严重亏损、一方不履行合同和章程规定的义务、不可抗力等，经合营各方协商同意，报请审查批准机关批准，并向国家工商行政管理主管部门登记，可终止合同。如果因违反合同而造成损失的，应由违反合同的一方承担经济责任。（相关资料:地方法规1篇裁判文书6篇修订沿革相关论文2篇实务指南）Article 15 Disputes arising between the p

43、arties to a joint venture that the board of directors cannot settle through consultation may be settled through mediation or arbitration by a Chinese arbitration agency or through arbitration by another arbitration agency agreed upon by the parties to the venture. Where no arbitration clauses have b

44、een included in the joint venture contract or no written arbitration agreement have been reached after a dispute arises, any party may bring a suit with the peoples court.第十五条合营各方发生纠纷，董事会不能协商解决时，由中国仲裁机构进行调解或仲裁，也可由合营各方协议在其它仲裁机构仲裁。合营各方没有在合同中订有仲裁条款的或者事后没有达成书面仲裁协议的，可以向人民法院起诉。（相关资料:司法解释1篇裁判文书1篇修订沿革相关论文3篇实务指南）Article 16 This Law shall come into force on the date of its promulgation. 第十六条本法自公布之日起生效。（相关资料:修订沿革实务指南）