中考英语复习 第二篇 语法突破篇 专题十五 主从复合句课件

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1、专题十五主从复合句专题十五主从复合句-2-3-4-5-6-7-考点1考点2并列句 1.(2017重庆B卷中考)I like dancing I dont have enough time to practice it.A.orB.soC.but D.because【解析】C本题考查连词的辨析。句意:我喜欢跳舞,但是我没有足够的时间练习它。结合句意,故选C。2.(2017怀化中考)Hurry up,well miss the early bus.A.butB.or C.and【解析】B考查连词辨析。but但是;and和;or否则。句意:快点,否则我们就赶不上早班公共汽车了。故选B。-8-考点1考

2、点23.(2017新疆建设兵团中考)Help others in need,they will help you when you are in trouble.A.butB.and C.or D.although【解析】B考查连词词义辨析。句意:帮助有需要的人吧,当你有麻烦时候他们将会帮助你。but但是;and和,并且;or或者;although尽管。根据语境可知,空格前后表示并列关系,故用并列连词and。4.(2017青海中考)You have to get up early you will be late for school.A.orB.unlessC.though【解析】A考查连词

3、。题干意为:你不得不早起,你将上学迟到。or否则;unless除非;though尽管。根据题干意思,前后两句互为条件关系,故用or。-9-考点1考点25.(2017莱芜中考)I didnt know anyone at the party,I felt a bit lonely.A.orB.soC.andD.but【解析】B考查连词的用法辨析。句意:我在聚会上不认识任何人,因此我感到有点孤独。or或者;so因此;and并且;but但是。根据句意可知,这里表示前因后果关系,故选B。-10-考点1考点2并列句的构成及用法并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中各简单句的地位同等重要,相互

4、之间是平行并列的关系。其构成为:简单句+并列连词+简单句。1.表示顺承、并列、递进关系的并列连词:and“和”;both.and.“和都”;as well as“也”;not only.but also.“不但而且”。His father is a worker and his mother is a doctor.他父亲是工人,他母亲是医生。2.表示转折或对比关系的连词:but“但是”;yet“然而”;while“而”。I like this book very much but Li Jun isnt interested in it.我非常喜欢这本书,但是李军却对它不感兴趣。-11-考点

5、1考点23.表示选择关系的并列连词:or“或者”,还可表示“否则”;either.or.“或者或者”。Be quiet,or youll wake the baby up.安静点儿,否则你会把婴儿吵醒的。4.表示因果关系的并列连词:so“因此;所以”;for“因为”。We have seen this film before,so we wont go to see it today.我们以前看过这部电影,所以今天我们就不去看了。5.“祈使句+and/or+简单句”是一个固定句型,此句型中的祈使句在意义上相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。Study hard,and you can make

6、progress.=If you study hard,youll make progress.努力学习,然后你就会取得进步。Hurry up,or youll be late.=If you dont hurry up,youll be late.快点,否则你就会迟到。-12-考点1考点2(B)1.The dress is really beautiful,it is too small for me.A.orB.but C.so D.and(A)2.I didnt accept his help I wanted to try it myself.A.becauseB.thoughC.un

7、tilD.unless(C)3.Youd better not make a decision without thinking it over,you may regret it later.A.andB.but C.or D.so(A)4.Rules are helpful to us,we have to follow them.A.soB.but C.or D.because(B)5.Read this story,you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.A.or B.and C.but D.so-13

8、-考点1考点2复合句 1.(2017广东中考)Do you know yesterday?Yes.He went for the boat race.A.why didnt Peter go to schoolB.why doesnt Peter go to schoolC.why Peter didnt go to schoolD.why Peter doesnt go to school【解析】C考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序,故排除A与B两项;又根据宾语从句中的关键词yesterday可知用一般过去时。故选C。-14-考点1考点22.(2017广东中考)According to

9、 a survey,people are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.A.which B.whomC.whoseD.who【解析】D考查定语从句连接词。people为定语从句的先行词,当先行词为人时,需用who或that。故选D。3.(2017广东中考)Johnson wont answer the phone if hethe number.A.knew B.doesnt knowC.will knowD.didnt know【解析】B考查动词时态。if表示“如果

10、”,引导条件状语从句时,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。故选B。-15-考点1考点24.(2017天水中考)I dont know.A.what the population of Tianshui isB.what is the population of TianshuiC.how much is the population of TianshuiD.how many the population in Tianshui are【解析】A考查宾语从句。句意:我不知道天水的人口是多少。分析句子结构可知,这是一个宾语从句,宾语从句应用陈述语序,故排除B、C两项;又根据“Whats the

11、 population of?”句型可知,本题故选A。-16-考点1考点25.(2017成都中考)A kind of shared bike is called bluegogo is getting more and more popular in Chengdu.A.it B.whoC.which【解析】C考查定语从句的用法。句意:一种名叫“小蓝单车”的共享自行车在成都正变得越来越受欢迎。关系词who和which都可引导定语从句,who指代人,which指代物,这里的先行词bike是物,故用which引导定语从句。故选C。-17-考点1考点26.(2017潍坊中考)What kind of

12、 movies do you prefer?I prefer the movies me something to think about.A.which giveB.that gives C.which givesD.who gives【解析】A考查定语从句。句意:你更喜欢哪类电影?我更喜欢提供一些东西让我思考的电影。先行词movie为“物”,用which或that引导定语从句,本句先行词movies用了复数形式,定语从句中的谓语动词就应该用原形。故选A。-18-考点1考点27.(2017鄂州中考)Please tell me something about Yang Liwei.He is

13、 a great astronaut of all the Chinese are proud.A.thatB.whoseC.who D.whom【解析】D考查定语从句引导词辨析。句意:请告诉我关于杨利伟的情况。他是一位伟大的宇航员,所有中国人都以他为豪。此空引导词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语,先行词表人,故只能使用whom。故选D。8.(2017河南中考)I hate the dogs live in the next house.They make loud noises all night.A.whoB.that C.what D.whom【解析】B考查定语从句用法。句中先行词the d

14、ogs表示“物”,用that或which引导定语从句。故选B。-19-考点1考点29.(2017遂宁中考)Alice prefers stories that short and funny.A.areB.isC.was D.were【解析】A考查定语从句中be动词的用法。句意:爱丽丝喜欢短而有趣的故事。首先确定句子为一般现在时,先行词stories为复数,确定be动词为are,故选A。10.(2017安徽中考)Do you know Ann goes to work every day?Usually by underground.A.whyB.how C.whenD.whether【解析】

15、B考查宾语从句中的连接词。句意:你知道Ann每天 上班吗?常常乘坐地铁。由答语意思知,问者问的是Ann上班的方式。故选B。-20-考点1考点211.(2017随州中考)Could you tell me?Look!He is playing volleyball over there.A.what is Tom doing B.how Tom did itC.where Tom is D.why Tom is doing it【解析】C考查宾语从句。句意:你能告诉我汤姆在哪里吗?看!他正在那边打排球。根据答语可知询问汤姆在干什么或者是在哪里,故排除B、D两项,A项为疑问语序,故选C。-21-考

16、点1考点212.(2017攀枝花中考)What did your uncle say to you just now?He asked me.A.how could I work it outB.when did go to the libraryC.why I am late for schoolD.if I had got ready for the exam【解析】D考查宾语从句。句意:你叔叔刚才给你说什么了?他问我。根据宾语从句的特点:时态主句过去时,从句用相应的过去的某种时态;语序“疑问词+陈述句的语序”。故选D。-22-考点1考点213.(2017德州中考)Excuse me,I

17、wonder.Yes,its near the bookstore.A.where we will go for the holiday B.if there is a lost and found officeC.when she will give me a call D.how we can go to Hong Kong【解析】B考查宾语从句。句意:劳驾,我想知道是否有失物招领处?有,在书店附近。结合答语中“yes”可知宾语从句应该以if或whether开头。故选B。-23-考点1考点214.(2017温州中考)the scientists have done lots of rese

18、arch on Mars,there is still much waiting to be discovered.A.If B.SinceC.Unless D.Though【解析】D考查连词词义辨析。句意:尽管(though)科学家们做了许多关于火星的研究,但是仍然有许多东西等待着被发现。though尽管但是,引导让步状语从句,其他几项不符合语意。故选D。-24-考点1考点2复合句的类型由一个主句和一个或者一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。初中英语教材涉及的复合句主要有宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。1.宾语从句-25-考点1考点2-26-考点1考点2(2)语序在含有宾语从句的复合句中,不管充

19、当宾语从句的句子原来是什么语序,构成宾语从句时一定要用陈述语序。I dont know where she comes from.我不知道她来自哪里。(3)时态如果主句是现在时态,从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。I know he lives here.我知道他住在这儿。I know he lived here ten years ago.我知道他十年前住在这儿。I have heard that he will come.我已经听说他要来了。-27-考点1考点2若主句是过去的时态,从句也要用过去的时态。如:I knew who lived here.我知道了过去谁住在这儿。He said th

20、at he had seen it.他说他已经看了。若宾语从句叙述的是客观真理、自然现象等,不管主句使用何种时态,从句都要用一般现在时。The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round.老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。【注意】如果一句话中宾语从句很长,那么可以用it作为形式宾语,以免句子头重脚轻。如:He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.他很明确地说他宁愿学习英语。-28-考点1考点22.状语从句状语从句是由从属连词引导的,按其用途主要可分为以下几类:(1)时间状语从句连接

21、词有when,as(当时),while(当时),after,before,since(自从),as soon as,till,until等。当主句是一般将来时态或祈使句,表示将来的意义时,从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时,简称“主将从现”。Ill ring you as soon as I get to Beijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。since引导的时间状语从句,表示“自以来”,主句用现在完成时或一般现在时,从句用一般过去时。I havent written home since Christmas.自圣诞节以来,我未曾写信回家。It is ten years since I bega

22、n to study English.我学英语十年了。-29-考点1考点2(2)条件状语从句引导词有if,as/so long as,unless等。在条件状语从句中,主句与从句的时态也遵循“主将从现”的原则。Tomorrow well go to the city park if it is sunny.如果明天天晴,我们就去城市公园。(3)原因状语从句通常用because,since(既然),as(因为)引导。He didnt come to school because he was ill.他没有来上学,因为他生病了。(4)目的状语从句引导词有so that(以便;为了),in ord

23、er that等。We used the computer in order that we might save time.我们使用电脑是为了节省时间。-30-考点1考点2(5)结果状语从句常见的引导词有so that/such that,so that(所以,结果是)等。当名词前面有many或much修饰时,用so而不用such。We have so much time that we can finish the work very well.我们有如此多的时间,以至于我们能很好地完成工作。【注意】so.that与such.that的区别-31-考点1考点2so.that句型的否定形式可

24、用简单句too.to或not.enough to代替。He is so young that he cant go to school.=He is too young to go to school.=He is not old enough to go to school.他太小了,不能去上学。-32-考点1考点23.定语从句(1)关系词及其功能-33-考点1考点2-34-考点1考点2(2)关系词只能用which的情况:引导非限制性定语从句时。The tree,which is four hundred years old,is very famous here.那棵400年的树在这里很有

25、名。关系词前有介词时。We depend on the land from which we get our food.我们依靠土地来获得粮食。-35-考点1考点2(3)关系词只能用that的情况:当先行词是everything,anything,nothing,something,all,none,little,few等时;当先行词被every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时;当先行词被the only,the very修饰时;当先行词被序数词或者形容词最高级修饰时;当先行词既有人又有物时。-36-考点1考点2(D)1.(2017广东一模)Do you

26、 know by the police last night?Yes,because he spread a rumor(谣言)on WeChat.A.how was a teenager taken awayB.how a teenager was taken awayC.why was a teenager taken awayD.why a teenager was taken away-37-考点1考点2(D)2.(2017广东二模)Miss Chen,could you tell me?Neither.Its on the Eurasian(欧亚)plate.A.which plat

27、e China lies onB.which plate does China lie onC.whether China lies on the Pacific plate or notD.whether China lies on the Pacific plate or the Indian plate(B)3.(2017广东三模)We didnt expect.Me,either.He said he couldnt stand the heat any more.A.that Peter will move from Haikou to DaliB.that Peter would

28、move from Haikou to DaliC.why Peter will move from Haikou to DaliD.why Peter would move from Haikou to Dali-38-考点1考点2(B)4.(2017广东一模)“Students made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands.”the teacher said.A.which B.who C.whatD.whose(C)5.(2017广东二模)Auld Lang Syne is an Irisb folk song

29、reminds us of our old friends and the good old days.A.what B.who C.thatD.whose(B)6.(2017广东三模)Frank,could we point the room together tomorrow?Sure,if I free tomorrow.A.beB.amC.will beD.am going to be-39-考点1考点2(D)7.What did the teacher say just now?He asked me.A.how could I work it outB.when did I go

30、to the libraryC.why I am late for schoolD.if the earth moves around the sun(A)8.Is this history museum you visited in 2015?Indeed.A.thatB.the one C.where D.one(D)9.Do you know to our school?Next month.A.when does the famous writer comeB.when the famous writer comesC.when will the famous writer comeD

31、.when the famous writer will come-40-考点1考点2(B)10.Kate,can you tell me to the new library?Of course,last Sunday.A.when did you goB.when you wentC.when will you goD.when you will go-41-【技巧1】“主从”判定法中考复合句的考查,要根据主从句的意思来判断答案,解答此类试题,要注意分析句子前后的关系。【典例透析】(2016淮安中考)I usually sleep with the window open its real

32、ly cold.A.if B.becauseC.so D.unless【解析】句意:我通常开着窗户睡觉,除非天气确实冷。if“如果”,引导条件状语从句;because“因为”,引导原因状语从句;so“所以”,引导结果状语从句;unless“除非”,引导条件状语从句。根据后句“天气确实冷”可知,此句是条件状语从句,故选D。-42-【技巧2】句序判定法在含有宾语从句的复合句中,从句的语序要用陈述语序。根据这一原则能够解答大部分题目。【典例透析】(2017乌鲁木齐中考)Charlie finally told me.A.why he was angry with me B.what he will

33、do this weekendC.who did he play volleyball with D.when does he get to school【解析】考查宾语从句。宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,特殊疑问词在前,后面是陈述句语序,由此排除C和D;宾语从句中主句的谓语动词使用一般过去时的时候,从句应用过去范围内的时态,由此排除B。故选A。-43-【技巧3】连词判定法中考对宾语从句的考查除了语序之外,还考查连接词。要选择正确的连接词,关键是要弄清句意,可以用替代法判断答案。【典例透析】(2017江苏徐州)We havent decided yet we will place our new f

34、urniture.A.where B.whatC.whyD.which【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词辨析。句意应该是:我们还没有决定将把我们的新家具放哪儿。故选A。-44-【技巧4】还原先行词中考对定语从句的考查主要是考查关系代词。首先,可以把先行词还原到从句中。其次,在选择关系词时,看先行词是指人还是指物,然后看关系词在从句中充当的成分,从而做出正确判断。【典例透析】(2016新疆中考)Do you know the girlhas got an A in the English exam?Yes.She is my classmate.A.whoB.whichC.whom D.whose【解

35、析】句意:你认识那个在英语考试中得A的女孩吗?是的。她是我的同学。句中的先行词是the girl,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,所以用who。故选A。-45-1.Friends are those D make you smile,always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed.A.which B.whatC.whomD.who2.Does anyone know B?I hear that she was born in Zhejiang Province.A.what Fu Yuanhui is B.where Fu

36、Yuanhui was bornC.when Fu Yuanhui was bornD.which country is Fu Yuanhui from3.We were watching news about G20 on TV A the telephone rang.A.when B.sinceC.beforeD.though4.Do you know when Tony A here?I cant wait to see him.Dont worry.When he,Ill tell you.A.will come;comesB.came;comesC.will come;will c

37、omeD.came;will come-46-5.China Dream is B attractive all of the Chinese people are interested in it.A.such;thatB.so;thatC.too;toD.enough;to6.What do you think of the school uniforms?Very good.I like clothes A make me feel comfortable.A.thatB.whatC.whoD./7.Our success depends on C everyone works hard

38、 or not.A.ifB.how C.whether D.what8.There is something wrong with many students eyes B they enjoy watching TV or playing computer games.A.so thatB.becauseC.even ifD.as9.Its said that Zhang Jie will come to our city.Really?C he comes,my brother will be very happy.A.ThoughB.WhenC.IfD.Because-47-10.Im

39、afraid I wont pass the exam D I work hard.A.wheneverB.becauseC.ifD.unless11.The elephant has B a strong body it can do heavy work for people.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.such;soD.so;and12.I looked through my test paper again and again C I wouldnt make any mistakes.A.soB.becauseC.so thatD.and13.In China and some other countries,it is impolite to speak loudly B you are having a meal.A.beforeB.whileC.afterD.though14.We wont go to play football this afternoon C the rain stops.A.afterB.ifC.unlessD.when-48-15.He still keeps on trying B there is little hope.A.butB.even thoughC.becauseD.so