跨文化交际与地球村民课件

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1、 Part One Warm Up Part Two Readings Part Three Exercises Part One Warm Up Part Two Readings Part Three ExercisesBackNextMainExitIntercultural Communication-What Global Villagers Have to KnowUnit OnePSUnit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackNextMenuExit Part One Warm Up1.A Forwarded E

2、mail2.A Beautiful Lady 3.Death of Diana,Princess of Wales4.Audio:Eulogy for Princess Diana 5.Video:a Song-Candle in the Wind pRead the following forwarded email about globalization and answer Read the following forwarded email about globalization and answer the questions below it.the questions below

3、 it.Question:What is the best definition of globalization?问:什么是全球化的最好的定义？Answer:Princess Dianas death.答：戴安娜王妃之死。Question:How come?问：怎么会呢？Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackMenuExitNext Answer:An English princess with an Egyptian boyfriend crashes in a French tunnel,driving a Ger

4、man car with a Dutch engine,driven by a Belgian who was drunk on Scottish whisky,(check the bottle before you change the spelling),followed closely by Italian Paparazzi,on Japanese motorcycles;treated by an American doctor,using Brazilian medicine.This is sent to you by a Canadian,using Bill Gatess“

5、world flattening”technology,and youre probably reading this from a computer with a Chinese chip,and a Korean monitor,assembled by Bangladeshi workers in a Singapori plant,transported by Indian lorry drivers,hijacked by Indonesians,unloaded by Sicilian longshoremen,and trucked to you by undocumented

6、Mexican immigrants.That,my friends,is Globalization!Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackMenuExitNext 答：一个英国王妃与她的埃及男友在法国的隧道里发生车祸。他们的车是德国生产的，装着荷兰造的引擎，司机是个比利时人，喝苏格兰的威士忌醉了（注：威士忌的苏格兰拼法与英语略有不同），后面紧跟着一个意大利狗仔队，骑着日本摩托车。给戴安娜王妃急诊的是美国医生，用的是巴西产的药。这封邮件是一个加拿大人发的（原文是电子邮件），用的是比尔盖茨的“世界扁平化”技术，而你用来读

7、这邮件的计算机八成装的是中国的芯片，韩国的显示屏，由孟买的工人在新加坡的工厂里组装，由印度司机开车投送，结果给印度尼西亚人劫持，被西西里的搬运工卸下船，最后由墨西哥的非法组织贩运到你手里 朋友，这就是全球化。Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackMenuExitNextpIn the following picture,can you figure out how many nationalities of the diners there are?Discuss what are the possibilities t

8、hat brought them together?Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackNextMenuKeyThis is a Canadian host family(Canadian husband on the left,Russian wife in the middle and their son left to the mother)hosting students abroad.From left to right,there are Chinese,Malaysian,Japanese and Sin

9、gaporean who are international students in Canada.This picture best illustrates the concept of global village where people from different cultural backgrounds meet and even live together for whatever reasons.ExitUnit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackNextMenuPrincess Dianaclick here

10、 Exit Death of Diana,Princess ofWales&Just after midnight on August 31,1997,in Paris,a car carrying Diana,Princess of Wales,and her new boyfriend,Dodi Fayed,plus a bodyguard and a driver,went out of control in a Paris tunnel and crashed.Fayed and the driver were killed instantly;Diana died later in

11、a hospital despite efforts to save her.The bodyguard survived despite critical injuries.Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackNextMenuFrench tunnelExit 9th Earl Spencer:Eulogy for Princess Diana delivered 6 September 1997BackNextMenuExitplaypausestopBackNextMenuNotes1Goodbye Englan

12、ds roseMay you ever grow in our heartsYou were the grace that placed itselfWhere lives were torn apartYou called out to our countryAnd you whispered to those in painNow you belong to heavenAnd the stars spell out your nameAnd it seems to me you lived your lifeLike a candle in the windNever fading wi

13、th the sunsetWhen the rain set inAnd your footsteps will always fall youAlong Englands greenest hillsYour candles burned out long beforeYour legend never will2Loveliness weve lostThese empty days without your smileThis torch well always carryFor our nations golden childAnd even though we tryThe trut

14、h brings us to tearsAll our words cannot expressThe joy you brought us through the yearsAnd it seems to me you lived your lifeLike a candle in the windNever fading with the sunsetWhen the rain set inAnd your footsteps will always fall youAlong Englands greenest hillsYour candles burned out long befo

15、reYour legend never will3Goodbye Englands roseMay you ever grow in our heartsYou were the grace that placed itselfWhere lives were torn apartGoodbye Englands roseFrom a country lost without your soulWholl miss the wings of your compassionMore than youll ever knowAnd it seems to me you lived your lif

16、eLike a candle in the windNever fading with the sunsetWhen the rain set inAnd your footsteps will always fall youAlong Englands greenest hillsYour candles burned out long beforeYour legend never willExitCandle In the Wind-Tribute to Princess Dian by Elton John这里用Englands Rose来代表Diana王妃，因为rose是英国的国花。

17、set in 表示（雨，坏天气，传染病等）开始可能持续下去Your candles burned out long before your legend ever will.蜡烛终会燃尽，你的传奇却将永世不朽。golden child指的是“备受尊崇的人”，这里用来表明戴安娜王妃在英国民众心中无与伦比的地位。the truth当然是指戴安娜王妃因车祸丧生的事实了。bring someone to tears，是“让某人哭泣”的意思。Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackNextMenuExitUnit 1 Globali

18、zation and Intercultural CommunicationBackNextMenu Part Two Readings1.What is Globalization2.Thinking Globally3.What is Intercultural Communication4.Questions：Passage OnePassage TwoPassage ThreeExitpPassage OnePassage One What Is Globalization Globalization can be described as a process by which the

19、 people of the world are unified into a single society and function together.This process is a combination of economic,technological,socio-cultural and political forces.Globalization is often used to refer to economic globalization,that is,integration of national economies into the international eco

20、nomy through trade,foreign direct investment,capital flows,migration,and the spread of technology.When we talk about global business,we mean that the money and products of different regions and countries are becoming more interdependent and interrelated.When we talk about global politics we mean tha

21、t different countries make decisions as parts of a large world community rather than as completely autonomous entities.Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationNextMenuNotesNotes:autonomous entities 自主实体自主实体fracture 破坏破坏accountability 负有责任负有责任GATT 关税暨贸易总协定关税暨贸易总协定closeBackExitThe beginnin

22、g of the modern globalization era is usually marked in 1989 with the end of the Cold War era.However,as Friedman(1999)points out,the actual trend towards globalization has been running since the mid-1800s.The first era of globalization and global finance capitalism from the mid-1800s to the late 192

23、0s was broken apart by the successive hammer blows of World War I,the Russian Revolution and the Great Depression,which combined to fracture the world both physically and ideologically.The formally divided world that emerged after World War II was then frozen in place by the Cold War.It lasted rough

24、ly from 1945 to 1989,when,with the fall of the Berlin Wall,it was replaced by another system:the era of globalization we are now in.Globalization has many causes including improved technology,social trends,and economic development.But globalism isnt just a historical inevitability;Unit 1 Globalizati

25、on and Intercultural CommunicationMenuBackExit&The Cold War is used to describe the relationship between America and the Soviet Union from 1945 to 1989.Neither side ever fought the other,but they did fight for their beliefs using client states(附属国附属国)who fought for their beliefs on their behalf.&The

26、 Russian Revolution refers to a series of political upheavals that occurred in 1917 and led to the establishment of the Soviet Union.&The Great Depression was an economic slump in North America,Europe,and other industrialized areas of the world that began in 1929 and lasted until about 1939.It was t

27、he longest and most severe depression ever experienced by the industrialized Western world.closeNotesNext in many respects,globalism has become a politically driven force.After World War II,leaders around the world began to recognize the urgent need for greater cooperation between governments and ec

28、onomies.To increase cooperation and mutual accountability,several political and economic institutions were founded including:The United Nations(UN),The International Monetary Fund(IMF),The World Bank,The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(GATT).Today,although some critics argue that these instit

29、utions have come to be a domesticating force for weaker nations,most still feel uneasy about nations that are not acting as healthy members of the global community.Nations are urged(and even forced)to maintain open political processes,adhere to internationally accepted legal norms,and extend open ma

30、rkets and market information.So globalization is not just a trend,its an imperative.(Adapted from John Jamison:Globalization and Communication)Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationMenuBackExitNextBerlin Wall Collapses The Berlin Wall was the physical division between West Berlin and E

31、ast Germany.On the 9th of November,1989,the Border separating Western from Eastern Germany was effectively opened.The fall of the Berlin Wall is a symbol for the ending of the Cold War.Return playpausestopQuestions 1.Do you prefer the definition of globalization given in the passage?Why or why not?2

32、.Why is globalization often used to refer to economic globalization?3.How do you understand“globalization is not just a trend,its an imperative”?Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationMenuBackExitNext&refers broadly to the ways in which race,ethnicity,culture,and human identity itself a

33、re represented in the modern era,after many colonized countries gained their independence.However,some critics use the term to refer to all culture and cultural products influenced by imperialism from the moment of colonization until today.&“后殖民主义”是指欧美资本主义国家在“二战”之后的冷战和后冷战时期对“落后”民族和国家进行文化围剿和文化渗透的一种侵略

34、政策，因而在理论上常常表现为一种文化殖民主义、文化霸权主义和文化帝国主义。依照后殖民主义的观点，只有西方先进国家和民族的文化才是世界文化的中心和楷模，而非西方的“落后”民族的文化则常被贬称为边缘文化、愚昧文化。Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural Communication Return pPassage TwoPassage Two Thinking GloballyIn 1962,the Canadian writer Marshall McLuhan introduced the term“global village”to express the

35、 idea that the world seems to be getting smaller.The planet Earth is not shrinking,but time and space are.In a village residents communicate with other residents face to face.They usually meet formally from time to time to share information and make decisions,but most of the time information and opi

36、nions flow from person to person informally in talk between neighbors and family members.They know when other residents have suffered a disaster or are celebrating good fortune.They help one another,quarrel,work together and against one another as feelings and circumstances require them to do so.The

37、y share each others lives for better or for worse.Now the whole world is like a village.Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackNextMenuNotesNotes:1.Marshall McLuhan 麦克卢汉麦克卢汉（1911-19801911-1980）世界著名的加拿大传播学家，世界著名的加拿大传播学家，19621962年在其著作年在其著作Understanding Media:The Extension of Man(The N

38、ew American Library,pp.23-36)中首次中首次提出了提出了“地球村地球村”这个概念。这个概念。2.for better or for worse不论好坏不论好坏,不管怎样不管怎样3.metaphor 隐喻隐喻 4.post-colonial 后殖民地的后殖民地的closeExitTrains,planes,telephones,televisions,the Internet,and other forms of modern transportation and communication reduce the time and distance that once

39、kept the peoples of the world apart.Even people who do not travel far from home live in the global village.People who live in small towns watch television reports of wars and disasters half a world away and work in factories making goods for export to distant markets.Now a Chinese leader can meet wi

40、th American students and journalists in a contemporary version of the village meeting,and the rest of the world will listen in by means of a television signal carried by a satellite orbiting the earth.In the metaphor of the global village,nations are like families and continents are like neighborhoo

41、ds.People feel most at home in their own families,but they go out of the house regularly to do some business and to buy what they need in the market.Now markets and business are global.If a neighbors house burns down,it affects everyone.Others may be expected to give shelter to the victims.The smoke

42、 and flames may threaten someone elses home and family.If someone dumps garbage into the village well,the neighbors cant say it is his own business,because they also get their water from that well.Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackMenuExitNext Residents want to stay on good ter

43、ms with their neighbors.They may simply think that is the proper and civilized way to live.They may consider their neighbors to be a lot like them and therefore understand them and like them.They may remember that some neighbors helped them when they had some trouble.Perhaps they have just learned t

44、hat life is better when people cooperate with one another.If some residents of the village have had trouble with their neighbors in the past or think they are strange or inferior,they may be suspicious and on guard to protect themselves from harm in the future.As in a village the nations(families)of

45、 the world are dependent on one another.Time and space no longer isolate or protect nations and groups from each other.As global environmental problems become more serious,people realize that the rivers of the world flow and the winds of the planet blow without regard to national boundaries.The econ

46、omic,political and military actions of other nations are the actions of our neighbors.We might wish that we could treat them as distant events that do not concern us,but in the global village that is no longer possible.Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackMenuExitNextNot everyone

47、welcomes this image of the global village.To some it seems like an image of post-colonial dominance of the world by the West.They prefer to see the world in terms of their own family or their own nation.They may say,“We do not want to live in a village that someone else makes for us and controls.”Th

48、ey worry that the global economy will have everyone resemble the families of the world that have the most economic and political power.They do not want to be second class citizens in this village,and they do not want to give up their own treasured ways of life.Others worry that conflict will increas

49、e as time and distance shrink.From news reports everyone can see that religious,ethnic,economic,and political differences continue to divide people.They rightly ask,“How can I and the members of my family get along with members of that other family who seem so different from me?”They see troubles in

50、 other families and wonder why they cant solve their problems.Above all,every family wants to protect itself.No one wants the problems of another family to spread to their family.Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackMenuExitNextWhatever anxiety people have about the global village

51、,they can see that contact among the peoples of the world is increasing.If the world is becoming more like a village,as its residents we want it to be a place we feel comfortable living in.Everyone wants to benefit.Everyone wants to benefit from global trade and advanced technology,and they want to

52、live among people who respect and appreciate one another.They want to protect themselves from danger and live at peace with their neighbors.But most people do not want peace imposed on them by the power of another family.They want to live as they have chosen to.These are some of the challenges of li

53、ving in a global village.To meet those challenges people everywhere need to learn about other cultures.They need to know their neighbors.They need to do more than know about them.They need to know how to get along with them and how to solve problems that inevitably arise.To do this it is necessary t

54、o learn how to communicateUnit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackMenuExitNext across cultures.That means global villagers need to learn to think,feel and behave in new ways.The reality of the global village challenges all its residents to develop a broader worldview,a more global ps

55、ychology,and the cultural skills necessary for building relationships and solving problems across cultures.(Adapted from Linell Davis:Doing Culture:Cross-Cultural Communication in Action)Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackMenuExitNext Questions How do you understand the statemen

56、t“The planet Earth is not shrinking,but time and space are”?Why is it not his or her own business if someone dumps garbage into the village well?What do you think the author refers to by offering this vivid example?Why do some people not welcome the image of the global village?1.What are some of the

57、 challenges of living in a global village?And how to meet those challenges?Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackMenuExitNextpPassage ThreePassage ThreeWhat is Intercultural CommunicationAs the term suggests,intercultural communication occurs when a member of one culture produces a

58、 message for consumption by a member of another culture.In other words,intercultural communication is the communication between people from different cultural backgrounds.What happened on the Silk Road,Marco Polos stay in China,Monk Jianzhens mission to Japan,and Zheng Hes seven voyages to the Weste

59、rn Seas all embody this idea.As a phenomenon,intercultural communication is as old as humankind,but as a discipline,its history is quite short.Intercultural communication as a field of study first emerged in the United States in the 1950s as a result of the four trends that led to the development of

60、 the global village:Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackNextMenuNotesNotes:transcontinental aviation 横贯大陆的飞行横贯大陆的飞行affiliate 附属机构，分附属机构，分公司homogeneous 同质的heritage 遗产；传统遗产；传统unparalleled 无比的；独一无二的，独特的无比的；独一无二的，独特的closeExituConvenient transportation systems In the form of transport

61、ation and communication systems,new technology has accelerated intercultural contact.Trips once taking days,weeks,or even months are now measured in hours.Transcontinental aviation now makes it possible for tourists,business executives,or government officials to enjoy breakfast in San Francisco and

62、dinner in Paris on the same day.uInnovative communication systems Innovative communication systems have also encouraged and facilitated cultural interaction.Communication satellites,sophisticated television transmission equipment,and digital switching networks now allow people throughout the world t

63、o share information and ideas instantaneously.uEconomic globalization As we enter the 21st century,the United States is no longer the dominant economic force in the world.For example,according to Harris and Moran(1996),there are now more than 37,000 transnational corporations with 207,000 foreign af

64、filiates.This expansion in globalization has resulted inUnit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackMenuExitNext multinational corporations participating in various international business arrangements such as joint ventures and licensing agreements.These and countless other economic ties

65、 mean that it would not be unusual for someone to work for an organization that does business in many countries.uWidespread migrations In the United States,people are now redefining and rethinking the meaning of the word American.It can no longer be used to describe a somewhat homogeneous group of p

66、eople sharing a European heritage.As Ben J.Wattenberg(1989)tells us,America has become the first universal nation,a truly multi-cultural society marked by unparalleled diversity.(Samovar&Porter,2007)Today an Internet search on the topic of intercultural communication or cross-cultural communication yields over 100,000 results.In recent years practitioners in a wide variety of fields of scientific cooperation,academicUnit 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationBackMenuExitNext research,bu