初中形容词及副词用法总结及练习

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1、形容词和副词用法总结及练习一、形容词的用法：（一） 概念：形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征，通常可将形容 词分成性 质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。【重点】1.直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。【难点】2.叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词，这类形容词大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如： （二） 形容词的种类afraid , asleep, awake, alone等。1.品质形容词：英语中大量形容词属于这一类，他们表示人或物的品质，女口：The play was boring.那出戏很枯燥乏味。You have an honest fa

2、ce.你有一张诚实的脸。2.颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词，女口：She had on a blue coat.她穿了一件蓝色的外套。3. -ing形容词：有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词，女口：4. td形容词：它们是由它们的过去分词变过来的，一般有被动意义，多数 为品质形容词，女口：She looked tired.5.合成形容词： warm-hearted 热心的， （三） 形容词的用法和在句中的位置 形容词在句中主要可用作：11） 定语：What a fine day!heart-breaking令人心碎的2）表语：She looks happy.3）宾语的补语（构成合成宾语）：D

3、o you think it necessary?你认为这有必要吗？4）状语：He arrived home, hungry and tired.他又饿又累的回到家里。2、形容词在句中的位置：有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置形容 词；少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置形容词。1）当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时，形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一 般规则为：（限定词）t 一般描绘性形容词 t 表示大小、长短、高低的形容词 t 表示 年龄、 新旧的形容词 t 表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词 t 表示物质、材料的形容词 T （名词）。女口：There is a famous fine old

4、 stone bridge near the village. 村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石桥。2）当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时，或形容词用来修饰somebody,something, anything, nothing等的时候，便会出现后置形容词。女口：The boy interested in music is my brother.对音乐赶兴趣的那个男孩是我弟弟。Do you have anything interesting to tell us?你有什么趣闻告诉我们吗？二、副词的用法：（一）念：用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词。例如：（不），here （这里），no

5、w （现在）。不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。 如：概notHave you read this book before?（副词，作时间状语）你以前读过这本书吗？He will arrive before ten o（介观ckbefore ten o 帰金词短语，作时间状语）他将在 10 点钟前到达。 （二） 副词的种类1 时可畐 U 词有三类：always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实之前义动词1）表示发生时间的副词：It s beginning to rain now现在开始下雨了

6、!2）表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词always, often, usually, sometimes,never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后， 实之前义动词：She ofte n ch a nges her mind.她常改变主意。3）2 、还有一些其他表示时间的副词：He has just had an operation.他冈 U 动过手术。 地点副词：1）有不少表示地点的副词：She is studying abroad.她在国外留学。2）副词：还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形，跟宾语的是介词， 否则是 用作介词：Stand up!起

7、立！ 用作副词：A cat climbed up the tree.猫爬上了树。3）以 where 构成的副词也是地点副词： It s the same everywhere#者 E 一样。 【重点】3、 方式副词1）英语中有大量方式副词，说明行为方式（回答 how 的问题）：How beautifully your wife dances.你夫人舞跳的真美。2）还有相当多的副词，表示某些情绪：She smiled gratefully.她感激的笑了笑。3）还有一些以-ly 结尾的副词，表示动作发生的状况：He left the town secretly. 【重点】他悄然离开了这座城市。4、

8、 程度副词和强调副词1）程度副词可修饰动词，表示 到某种程度”：Is she badly hurt?她伤得重吗？说明这类副词除修饰动词外，还可修饰形容词（ a）或另一副词（b）:a. fairly simple相当简单quite correct完全正确b. wonderfully well好极了do it very quickly干得很快【重点】2） much是一个特殊的程度副词，它可以：a.修饰形容词等：I irmot much good at si nging.我唱歌不太好。b.修饰比较级：You sing much better than me.你比我唱的好多了。Their house

9、is much nicer than ours. 【重点】他们的房子比我们的好多了。5、 疑问副词和连接副词1）疑问副词：疑问副词用来引导特殊问句：how: How is your grandmother?你奶奶身体好吗？where: Where does she come from?她是哪儿人？when: When can you come?你什么时候能来？why: Why was he so late?他为什么来得这么晚？2）连接副词：连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样，但都引导从句或与不定式连用：how: Do you know how to start this machine?你知道

10、这台机器怎样启动吗？where: I don tknow where he li谯舔知道他住在哪儿。 （引导宾语从句）when: Tell me when you II be ready 句）告诉我你什么时候准备好。 （引导宾语从why: That s why I came rourii就是我来的原因。（引导表语从句）6.一些其它类型的副词，如表示方向的副词：自们到里面去。Let s go insideTake two steps forward.向前走两步。（三）副词的位置1.副词修饰动词时，通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。女口： Usually I do my homework in the

11、 evening.（句首）通常我晚上做家庭作业。I often get up at six.（句中）我常在 6 点起床。2.Please speak slowly.（句末） 请慢慢说。副词修饰形容词或副词时，通常放在形容词或副词的前面如：These flowers are quite beautiful.（在形容词前）这些花相当漂亮。He works very hard.（在副词前）他工作很努力。 但也有例外，如：She is old enough to go to school.（在形容词后）她已到了上学的年龄。3.按一般规则，既有地点状语又有时间状语时，地点状语应放在时间状语之 前。如：W

12、e had a meeti ng in the classroom yesterday after noon. 个会。我彳昨天下午在教室 开了一He watched TV at home last night.他昨晚在家看电视。说明形容词一般修饰名词， 副词一般修饰动词、 形容词或副词。一些形 容词后加上-ly 可以变成副词，女口 【基础练习】（一）用所给词的正确形式填空slow-slowly, quick-quickly, careful-carefully等。1. _ The Greens are _ （happy） to live in this _（noise） street. The

13、yhave decided to move to another place.2. The panda has bee n _ （die） for about two mon ths.3. I like her dress. It looks very _ （beauty）.4. Don tfeel _ （worry） about your child. The whole class wouldbe _ （friend） to the new classmate.5. The _ （finally） exams usually take place at the end of June.6.

14、 It7. Its_ (possible) for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon. s a_ (please) trip for all of us.8. The childre n in China are living a _ (color) life.9. It was an _ (amaze) match. It amazed us.10. He felt very _ (sleep) and fell _ (sleep) soon whe n he lay in bed. 11. _ We all had a very (enjoy) ti

15、me at the party.(二) 选择最佳答案( )1. These oran ges taste _ .A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well( )2. I can t pay _ as he asked for.A. a as high price B.as a high price C.as high price D.as high a price ( )3. to see a film this eve ning . Why not go with us ?We are goingI have to do many things t

16、his evening . Ibumee .A. free B. glad C. sorry D. busy( )4.Mum, Billis coming to dinnerthis evening.OK. Let s give himA. someth ing differentto eat.B. differe nt anythingD. differe nt someth ingpers on is talk ing with the doctor. C. ill ness D. sick nessC.)6. The day is bright and _ . Let s go for

17、a walk . A. sunny B. dark C. cloudy D. windy ( )7. Look !beautiful that lake is !A. What B. How C. How a D. What aanything differe nt()5.The _A. ill B. sick( )8. -1 wont go to the Great Wall tomorrow.-I wont, _.A. neither B. either C. too D. also( )9. He likes to do some readi ng in the mornin g, I

18、like it, _ .A. too B. either C. neither D. also( )lO.That maths problem is _ difficult _nobody can work it out. A. too; to B. very; that C. so; that D. very; but( )11.What s on the desk?ItsA. a new gree n bag B. new gree n bagbad/illmany/muchlittlefaroldworsemorelessfartherolderworstmostleastfarthes

19、toldest(二)形容词比较级的用法1.形容词的比较级可以单独使用：Be more careful next time.下次小心点。Which book is better?哪本书更好？2.a.也可以和 than 连用，表示两者相比，than 后可以跟： 名词或代词：He is older than me /1 .他年龄比我大。b.动名词：Skiing is more exciting than skating.滑雪比滑冰更刺激。c.从句：I was a better sin ger tha n he was.我唱歌比他好。(三)1.形容词比较级的修饰语形容词比较级前可加much, a lo

20、t, a bit, a little, slightly之类表示程度的状语:He s feeling much better todji.他感到今天好多了。2.也可在比较级前any, no, some, even, still这类词：Do you feel any better today?你今天感觉好一点 了吗？3.比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：My sister is ten years younger than me. 【难点】(四) 形容词比较级的特殊用法 1.和 more 有关的词组：我妹妹比我小十岁。1) the more - the more越 . 就越 . 。例女口：The

21、harder you work , the greater progress youll make. 越努力，进步越大。2) no more than与一样。例如：The officials could see no more than the Emperor. 官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。3) more than超过，不只是。例如：There are more than two thousand people in the hall. 2.和 less 有关的词组1) less than不到不太：It was ready in less than a week.多达不少于2) no less

22、thanNo less than 2 million people came. 基本上大体上 大约3) more or less至少来了2百万人。The work is more or less finished. 3.还有 as +形容词或副词原级这项工作基本上完成了。 + as1） not so/as飞如：He cannot run so/as fast as you.他没你跑得快。2） 当 as - as 中间有名词时采用以下格式：as+形容询+ a +单数名词I;as + many much+名词。例如：This is as good an example as the other i

23、s. 这个例子和另外一个一样好。I can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少纸，我也能。3）表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在 as 的前面。例如：This room is twice as big as that one.这房间的面积是那间的两倍。Your room is the same size as mine.（五） 形容词最高级用法你的房间禾口我的一样大。1. the +最高级+比较范围1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,例如：The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.撒哈拉沙漠

24、是世界上最大的沙漠。说明形容词 most 前面没有 the,不表示最高级的含义，只表示 非常。例 女口:It is a most important problem. =lt is a very important problem.这是个彳艮重 要的问题。注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。（错）（对）Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2）下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost o例如：This hat i

25、s nearly / almost the biggest.这帽子差不多是最大的了。注意：序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如：Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。3）最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如：Mike is the most intelligent in his class.或者：Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.（六） 形容词最高级的特殊用法1.形容词最高级可用作表语，这时定冠词 the 可以省略。例句：I think her pla

26、n is best.我认为她的计划最好。2.形容词最高级还可和 at 构成许多短语作状语，如at best, at least, at most等。例句：I 【基础练习】II be with you at latest by ten.我最迟十点钟就来陪你。( )1 Your room is _tha n mine.A. three time big B. three times bigC. three times bigger D. bigger three times( )2 When spri ng comes, it gets _ .A. warm and warm B. colder

27、and colderC. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter( )3 _ he read the book, _ he got in it.A. The more; the more in teresti ng B. The less; the more in terest ing C. The more; the more in terested D. More; more in terested( )4 I like _ one of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. o

28、lder( )5 Which do you like _ , tea or coffee?A. well B. better C. best D. most( )6 This work is _ for me tha n for you.A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult( )7 Who jumped _ of all?A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far( )8 Li Lei is _ stude nt in our class.A. tal

29、l B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest( )9 Tom is one of _boys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall( )10 En glish is one of _ spoke n in the world.A. the importa nt la nguages B. the most importa nt Ian guagesC. most importa nt la nguage D. the most importa nt Ian guage( )11.

30、Most of the woods _bee n take n good care of.A. are B. is C. has D. have( )12 rm not _to lift the heavy box.A. short eno ugh B. eno ugh tall C. health eno ugh D. strong eno ugh( )13 Which is _, Li Lei or Wu Tong?A. strong B. stro ngest C. stro nger D. the stro ngest( )14 Do you have _to tell us?A. s

31、ometh ing new B. new someth ing C. anything new D. new anything ( )15. Most people in Guan gdo ng are gett ing _ .A. more and rich B. more rich and more richC. richer and richer D. rich and rich1-5 CCCAB 6-10DCDCB11-15 CDCCCof theYou must work much faster.你必须大大加快干活的速度。Can you come over a bit more qu

32、ickly?你能稍稍快点来吗？4. asa 篩口 not so 錯构这两个结构也可结合副词使用： 1) asas 可用在肯定句中，表示 橡一 样”，后面的副词要用原级：She can run as fast as a deer.她能跑的像鹿一样快。2)在否定句中，asa 押 soas 者 E 可以用：I don t go there as much as I us就现在到那里不象过去那么多了。I didn t do as(so) well as I should做的不如我应做的那么好。3)这种句子中也可以有一个表示程度的状语：She can read twice as fast as he d

33、oes.她阅读的速度比他快一倍。(三) 副词最高级的用法： 副词最高级可修饰动词， 前面多数不带定冠词the:He laughs best who laughs last.(谚语)谁笑在最后谁笑的最好。Of the four of us, I sang (the) worst.我们四人中我唱的最差。(四) 副词比较级和最高级的一些特殊用法：副词比较级和最高级还可用在 一些特别 结构或短语中。1) more a nd more越来越：It rained more and more heavily.雨下得越来越大了。She went farther and farther away.她越走越远了。

34、2) the more the mor越，越 ：The more I work, the more I accomplish.我干得越多，完成的就越多。3) had better最好：WW d better not disturb him.我们最好不要打扰他。What had we better do?我们最好怎么办？ 使用比较级应注意的问题比较对象是否明确1.比较必须在同类事物之间进行，用that代替天气和人口。女口：My pen is better than yours.The weather of Harbin is colder than that of Beijing.2.比较的范围

35、比较级中的被比对象与比较对象必须属于互不分离的两个范围。比较的对象如在同一范围内。必须加other词，将比较的个体排除在外。范围内加any other范围外加any.He is taller than any other boy in his class. Canada is larger than any country in Asia.3.比较级前的修饰语常用来修饰比较级的词有：much ,a little , a bit ,a lot ,even ,still ,a great deal of,far ,by far ,any ,rather及表示倍数的词。修饰可数名词用：many mo

36、re 或 few.修饰不可数名词用：much more .There are many more books in your library than in ours. His handwriting is much better than mine.4.比较状语从句中的省略than后是一个完整的句子，有时为了避免重复，把谓语部分省略。但如果前 后时态不同，则不能省略。The book is more interesting than that one (is interesting). She is much taller than she was last year.I think he

37、will be more careful with his study than he is now.5.比较级与冠词 the 的使用表示两者中比较 . 的一个，要用(the +比较级+ of the two)的句式.He is the stronger of the two boys. English is the easier Ianguage of the two.6.表示倍数的三个结构1) be +倍数 +as as2) be +倍数+比较级+than3) be +倍数+the+名词(尺寸，长度)+ofThe house is three times as big as that on

38、e . The house is three times bigger than that one . The pencil is twice the length of that one7.比较级+ and +比较级越来越 .Days are getti ng Ion ger and Ion ger.8. the +比较级，the +比较级宀 越 . ,越 .The more ,the better.The more you eat, the fatter you II be.9. the +序数词 +最高级 +Which is the first most useful invention

39、 ?10. one of +最高级+名次复数He is one of the tallest boys in his class.11.由物主代词修饰的时候，不用冠词He is my best friend. 特殊比较级的构成：原形比较级最咼级备注far Farther / Farthest /further furthest| Many / much more mostGood / well better Bestold Older / Oldest /elder eldestlittle Less LeastBad / badly / ill Worse Worstimporta nt M

40、ore importa nt Most importa ntTired / slowly / loudly / clearly /careful / surprised / funny多音节形容词 和 副词More , most练习(一)( )1. His _ son ofte n go to see him on Sun day.A. eldest B. older C. the eldest D. the older( )2. He is two years _ tha n I.A. elder B. smaller C. youn ger D. less( )3. I thi nk th

41、e book is very _ .A. in terest ing B. in terested C. in terest D. in terests( )4. They were very _ to see each other aga in.A. pleased B. surprising C. happily D. angrily( )5. She is very _the n ews.A. surprise in B. surprise with C. surprised at D. surprised for( )6. The boys are _ computers.A. in

42、terest ing in B. in terested C. in terest ing about D. in terested about( )7. -How does Kate like her new work? -She _ with it. A. cant satisfy B. is nt satisfied C. does nt satisfy D has nt satisfied( )8. The man was not _whe n he heard the _words.A. frighte ning; frighte ning B. frighte ned; frigh

43、te nedC. frighte ning; frighte ned D. frighte ned; frighte ning( )9. Hele n isnt a _ friend of min e. I feel _ sorry for her. A. true, true B. truly true C. true, truly D. truly, truly( )10. Im sorry. Im late. My watch is a few minu tes _.A. asleep B. sleepy C. sleep ing D. sleep()11. He lay on the

44、floor and fell _ .A. sleepy B. sleep ing C. awake D. asleep()12. Who is _ in the n ext room?A. asleep B. sleep C. sleep ing D. sleepy()13. We have _time to do it better. A. n ot B. no C. no a D. not a( )14. We have _water to wash clothes.A. not any B. no C. not a D. no any( )15.1 only want to say th

45、at I am _ fool.A. not any B. no a C. no D. no any( )16. Marys mother bought a _ coat for her yesterday.A. new big blue silk B. new blue silk big C. new silk blue big D. blue silk new big( )17. My hometow n has _ bridge.A. a stone old fine B. an old stone fine C. a fine old stone D. an old fine stone

46、( )18. Thats really silly _ .A. of you to say so B. for you to say so C. of you say ing so D. for you say ing so( )19. Its importa nt _ exercise every morni ng.A. of you to take B. for you to take C. of you tak ing D. for you( )20. You must drive _ n ext time, or there may be ano ther accide nt. A.

47、more carefully B. carefully C. careful D. more careful练习(三)()1. The day is bright and _ . Let A. sunny B. dark C. cloudy D. windy ( )2.s go for a walk.The ice in the lake is about one meter _. Iton.s stro ngA. long B. high C. thick D. wide()3. -Ca n you speak Chin ese, Peter ? -Yes, but only_ . A. l

48、ittle B. few C. a little D. a few( )4. - _ will Mr. Gree n go back to London? -In two weeks. A. How ofte n B. How long C. How soo n D. How far()5. Some young people are now_ to buy private cars. A. rather rich B. very rich C. rich eno ugh D. eno ugh rich()6. Its _ nice of you to help himA. true B. truly C. real D. really()7. Don t go out. Its raining _.A. quickly B. heavily C. loudly D. hardlyA. how often B. how long C. how much D. how soon参考答案练习一15 ACAAC练习二15 BBACA练习三1 5 ACCCC610 DBDCA 11-15 DCBCB610 BBADB 11-15 DCBBC610 DBDBD 11-15 BCAAD16-20 BCBDC16-20 ACABA16-20 ABDDC