2023年MBA管理类联考英语真题

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1、2023年MBA管理类联考英语真题1-20.完型：Happy people work differently. Theyre more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence_1_firms work, too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research pap

2、er._2_, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development). Thats because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking_3_for making investments for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the_4_and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would_5_the way c

3、ompanies invested. So they compared U.S. cities average happiness_6_by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas._7_enough, firms investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were_8_.But is it really happiness tha

4、ts linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities_9_why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various_10_that might make firms more likely to invest like size, industry, and sales and for indicators that a place was_11_to live in, like growth

5、in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally_12_even after accounting for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors_13_to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence

6、of “younger and less_14_managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.” The relationship was_15_stronger in places where happiness was spread more_16_.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality._17_ this do

7、esnt prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least_18_at that possibility. Its not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help_19_how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people woul

8、d be more forward-thinking and creative and_20_R&D more than the average,” said one researcher.1. A why B where C how D when2. A In return B In particular C In contrast D In conclusion3. A sufficient B famous C perfect D necessary4. A individualism B modernism C optimism D realism5. A echo B miss C

9、spoil D change6. A imagined B measured C invented D assumed7. A Sure B Odd C Unfortunate D Often8. A advertised B divided C overtaxed D headquartered9. A explain B overstate C summarize D emphasize10. A stages B factors C levels D methods11. A desirable B sociable C reputable D reliable12. A resumed

10、 B held Cemerged D broke13. A attribute B assign C transfer Dcompare14. A serious B civilized C ambitious Dexperienced15. A thus B instead C also D never16. A rapidly B regularly C directly D equally17. A After B Until C While D Since18. A arrives B jumps C hints D strikes19. A shape B rediscover C

11、simplify D share20. A pray for B lean towards C give away D send out21-45.阅读理解：Part AText 1Its true that high-school coding classes arent essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dea

12、n at Carnegie Mellons School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that its not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. Its not as

13、hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortin

14、a said.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as on

15、e of the many coding bootcamps thats become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things theyre interested in,” said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing su

16、ggests movies based on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably wont drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the “Ruby on Rails” language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market. But the ski

17、lls they learn how to think logically through a problem andorganize the results apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the sole

18、purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers in their pockets, in their offices, in their homes for the rest of their lives. The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want the earlier they learn that they have the power

19、 to do that the better.21. Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to_.A. complete future job trainingB. remodel the way of thinkingC. formulate logical hypothesesD. perfect artwork production22. In delivering lessons for high-schoolers, Flatiron has considered their_.A

20、. experienceB. academic backgroundsC. career prospectsD. interest23. Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will_.A. help students learn other computer languagesB. have to be upgraded when new technologies comeC. need improving when students look for jobsD. enable students to m

21、ake big quick money24. According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to_.A. compete with a future army of programmersB. stay longer in the information technology industryC. become better prepared for the digitalized worldD. bring forth innovative computer technologies25. The word “

22、coax” (Line4, Para.6) is closest in meaning to_.A. challengeB. persuadeC. frightenD. misguideText 2Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens-a kind of bird living on stretching grasslandsonce lent red to the often gray landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United S

23、tates. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species historic range.The crash was a major reason the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened. “The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation,” said USFWS Director Danie

24、l Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered,” a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats. But Ashe and others argued that the“threatened” tag gave the federal government flexi

25、bility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicke

26、ns habitat.Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a rangewide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan require

27、s individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat. The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat, USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken

28、 populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years. And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall, the idea is to let “states” remain in the drivers seat for managing the specie

29、s，” Ashe said.Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court Not surprisingly, doesnt go far enough “The federal government is giving resp

30、onsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction,” says biologist Jay Lininger.26. The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is_Aits drastically decreased populationBthe underestimate of the grassland acreageCa desperate appeal from some b

31、iologistsDthe insistence of private landowners27.The “threatened” tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_Awas a give-in to governmental pressureBwould involve fewer agencies in actionCgranted less federal regulatory powerDwent against conservation policies28.It can be learned from Paragr

32、aph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_Aagree to pay a sum for compensationBvolunteer to set up an equally big habitatCoffer to support the WAFWA monitoring jobDpromise to raise funds for USFWS operations29.According to Ashe， the leading role in managing the species in_Ath

33、e federal governmentBthe wildlife agenciesCthe landownersDthe states30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_Aindustry groupsBthe win-win rhetoricCenvironmental groupsDthe plan under challengeText 3That everyones too busy these days is a clich. But one specific complaint is made especially mournful

34、ly： Theres never any time to read.What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques dont seem sufficient. The webs full of articles offering tips on making time to read: “Give up TV” or “Carry a book with you at all times” But in my experience, using such methods to free u

35、p the odd 30 minutes doesnt work. Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else youre so exhausted that a challenging books the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, “is overwhelmingly inclined toward communicationIt is no

36、t simply that one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to interruption”. Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which cant be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.In fact, “becoming more efficient” is part of the problem. Thinking of time as a resource t

37、o be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and

38、youll manage only goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind. “The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt,” writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and “we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (d

39、ays, hours, minutes)as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them”. No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading. Youd think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fac

40、t, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us “step outside times flow” into “soul time”. You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers. “Carry a book with you at all times” can actually work, too-providing you dip in often enough, so that reading

41、 becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if youre “making time to read,” but just reading, and making time for everything else.31. The usual time-management techniques dont work beca

42、use_A what they can offer does not ease the modern mindB what challenging books demand is repetitive readingC what people often forget is carrying a book with themD what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed32. The “empty bottles” metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to_A update the

43、ir to-do listsB make passing time fulfillingC carry their plans throughD pursue carefree reading33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps_A encourage the efficiency mind-setB develop online reading habitsC promote ritualistic readingD achieve immersive reading34. “Carry

44、a book with you at all times” can work if_A reading becomes your primary business of the dayB all the daily business has been promptly dealt withC you are able to drop back to business after readingD time can be evenly split for reading and business35. The best title for this text could beA How to E

45、njoy Easy ReadingB How to Find Time to ReadC How to Set Reading GoalsD How to Read ExtensivelyText 4Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure, younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success, a latest poll has found.Across generational lines, Amer

46、icans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. But while young and old mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life, they offer strikingly differe

47、nt paths for reaching it.Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs, to favor communities with more public services and a faster pac

48、e of life, to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children, and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the s

49、earing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics.Young and old converge on one key point: Overwhelming majorities of

50、 both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations. While younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities in both groups believe those “just getti

51、ng started in life” face a tougher a good-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today. Schneider, a 27-yaear-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after graduating from college. E

52、ven now that he is working steadily, he said.” I cant afford to pay ma monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out to people to mark that happen.” Looking back, he is struck that his parents could provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed co

53、llege when he was young. “I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with parents who didnt have college degrees,” Schneider said. “I dont think people are capable of that anymore.”36. One cross-generation mark of a successful life is_.A trying out different lifestylesB having a family with child

54、renC working beyond retirement ageD setting up a profitable business37. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to _.A favor a slower life paceB hold an occupation longerC attach importance to pre-marital financeD give priority to childcare outside the home38. The priorities and ex

55、pectations defined by the young will _.A become increasingly clearB focus on materialistic issuesC depend largely on political preferencesD reach almost all aspects of American life39. Both young and old agree that _.A good-paying jobs are less availableB the old made more life achievementsC housing

56、 loans today are easy to obtainD getting established is harder for the young40. Which of the following is true about Schneider?A He found a dream job after graduating from college.B His parents believe working steadily is a must for success.C His parents good life has little to do with a college deg

57、ree.D He thinks his job as a technician quite challenging.Part BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your ans

58、wers on the ANSWER SHEET.ABe sillyBHave funCExpress your emotionsDDont overthink itEBe easily pleasedFNotice thingsGAsk for helpAs adults,it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness,often with mixed results.Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they dont need sel

59、f-help books or therapy.instead,they look after their wellbeing instinctively,and usually more effectively than we do as grownups.Perhaps its time to learn a few lessons from them.41._What does a child do when hes sad? He cries.When hes angry?He shouts.Scared?Probably a bit of both.As we grow up,we

60、learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and dont dictate our behaviours,which is in many ways a good thing.But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions,especially negative ones.thats about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us il

61、l.What we need to do is find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately, and then-again like children-move.42._A couple of Christmases ago, my youngest stepdaughter, who was nine years old at the time, got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas. It cost less than a fiver but she was overj

62、oyed, and couldnt stop talking about it.Too often we believe that a new job,bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content,but the reality is these things have very little lasting impact on our happiness levels. Instead, being grateful for small t

63、hings every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.43._Have you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies , increase good hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and even have a greater chance of fighting off enfection. All of which, of course, have a positive effect on happiness levels.44._The problem with bei