2023年12月阅读理解资料(全中文翻译)

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1、第二部分 阅读理解(2)passage 2（2023年12月网考）全翻译版 2023年版新大纲9套模拟题18篇阅读理解（必考一篇），出现在考试中阅读部分的第二篇，小抄或硬背， 必须掌握，原题出现，答案位置不变，15分不可以丢失。网考考试时为第1115题。Passage 1The French Revolution broke out in 1789. At the time France was in a crisis. The government was badly run and peoples lives were miserable. King Louis XIV tried to

2、control the national parliament and raise more taxes. But his effort failed. He ordered his troops to Versailles. The people thought that Louis intended to put down the Revolution by force. On July 14,1789, they stormed and took the Bastille, where political prisoners were kept. Ever since that day,

3、 July 14 has been the French National Day. Louis tried to flee the country in 1792 to get support from Austria and Prussia. However, he was caught and put in prison. In September 1792, the monarchy was abolished. In the same year, Louis was executed. A few months later his wife, Marie also had her h

4、ead cut off. The Revolution of France had frightened the other kings of Europe. Armies from Austria and Prussia began to march against France. The French raised republican armies to defend the nation. The Revolution went through a period of terror. Thousands of people lost their lives. In the end, p

5、ower passed to Napoleon Bonaparte. (190 words)法国大革命于1789年爆发。当时法国正处在一片混乱中，政府腐败，人民生活凄惨。路易十六世企图控制议会并增长赋税，但最后失败了。他命令军队进入凡尔赛。人民都认为他企图用武力弹压革命。1789年7月14日，人民群众爆发了，攻占了关押政治犯的巴士底狱。从那天以后，7月14日就被定为法国的国庆日。1792年，路易十六企图逃离法国，并从奥地利和普鲁士获得支持，但他被捕了。1792年王室被废除，路易十六被处以死刑。几个月后，他的妻子，玛丽也被处以死刑。法国大革命令欧洲其它国家的国王感到胆怯。奥地利和普鲁士的军队进入

6、了法国。法国人民组织起了共和军来保卫祖国，革命陷入了一个艰苦阶段。成千上万的人牺牲了。最后，权力落入了拿破仑波拿巴手中。6. Whats this passage about? 这篇文章重要讲了什么？A. France.B. King Louis.C. The French Revolution. 法国大革命D. Europe.7. Which did not happen in 1789? 以下哪件事不是发生在1789年？A. The French Revolution broke out.B. The national economy was developing rapidly. 国家经

7、济快速发展。C. The government wasnt well run.D. King Louis XIV was in power.8. Where were the political prisoners kept? 那些政治犯被关押在哪里？A. In Versailles.B. In Austria.C. In Prussia.D. In Bastille. 巴士底狱9. What does the underlined word “abolished” mean? 划了下划线的“abolished ”这个词是什么意思？A. Put off.B. Established.C. Un

8、ited.D. Ended. 废除。10. What was NOT the effect of the Revolution? 以下哪个不是法国大革命产生的效果？A. July 14 has become the French National Day.B. It brought some impact on the other European Kings.C. Louiss wife, Marie was killed.D. The king tried to control the national parliament. 国王试图控制议会。Passage 2A foreigners

9、first impression of the U.S. is likely to be that everyone is in a rush-often under pressure. City people appear always to be hurrying to get where they are going restlessly, seeking attention in a store, and elbowing others as they try to complete their errands （任务）. Racing through daytime meals is

10、 part of the pace of life in this country.一个外国人对于美国的第一印象很有也许是每个人都在压力下急忙忙忙。城市里的人总是表现得急忙忙忙不知疲倦的，为了尽快做完一件事情，他们会在店里拼命引起店员的注意或者用胳膊肘推搡别人。白天匆忙就餐也是这个国家生活节奏的一个部分。Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating places are waiting for you to finish so that they too can be served and get back to wo

11、rk within the time allowed. Each person hurries to make room for the next person. If you dont, waiters will hurry you.工作时间被认为是很珍贵的。在一些公共饮食场合，其别人会等在你旁边等你吃完，这样大家都可以得到服务，并赶在规定的时间内回去工作。每个人都会尽快给下一个人腾出地方。假如你不这样，侍者会催促你的。You also find drivers will be abrupt and that people will push past you. You will miss

12、smiles, brief conversations, and small courtesies with strangers. Dont take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else “wasting” it beyond a certain courtesy point.你会发现司机也都很匆忙，人们从你身边急忙走过。你会错过一些微笑，简短的交谈和一些与陌生人的小礼节。不要在意，这是由于他们非常爱惜时间，并且他们认为一旦太注重这些社交礼节就是浪费时间。 T

13、he view of time affects the importance we attach to patience. In the American system of values, patience is not a high priority. Many of us have what might be called “a short fuse.” We begin to move restlessly about if we feel time is slipping away without some returnbe this in terms of pleasure, wo

14、rk value, or rest. Those coming from lands where time is looked upon differently may find this matter of pace to be one of their most difficult adjustments in both business and daily life.对时间的观念还会影响到我们对耐心的理解。在美国价值体系中，耐心并不是首要考虑的。我们中的很多人被称为“脾气火爆”。假如我们觉得时间在毫无意义的溜走，既没有娱乐价值，工作价值，也不在休息，那就会开始不断地徘徊。那些来自时间观念

15、不同的国家的人发现他们在商业和平常生活中最困难的就是对时间节奏的适应。Many newcomers to the States will miss the opening courtesy of a business call, for example, they will miss the ritual socializing that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee they may be traditional in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats i

16、n a caf or coffeehouse. Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over prolonged small talks. We seek out evidence of past performance rather than evaluate a business colleague through social courtesies. Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather th

17、an socially, we start talking business very quickly. (348 words)许多刚到美国来的人都会想念他们在商业会谈中一些开场礼节。举个例子，他们会想念欢迎你到来而泡的一杯茶或咖啡这样的社交礼仪，这在他们国家是常规礼仪。他们会想念在咖啡屋悠闲的会谈。而通常，美国人不会与来访者在这么悠闲的环境中进行一些冗长的小会谈。对于同事，我们总是看他过去的表现而不是与他的社交礼仪。由于我们一般都是更注重专业性的，而不是社交性的，因此我们总是不久进入正题。11. Which of the following statements is wrong? _ 以下

18、哪项陈述是错误的？A. Americans seem to be always under pressure.B. Americans attach less importance to patience.C. Americans dont care much about ritual socializing.D. Americans are impolite to their business colleagues. 美国人对他们的同事不礼貌。12. In the fourth paragraph, “a high priority” means _.第四段中的“a high priorit

19、y”是什么意思？A. a less important thingB. a first concern 要首要考虑的。C. a good businessD. an attractive gift13. Americans evaluate a business colleague _.美国人评价他们的同事是根据_。A. through social courtesyB. through prolonged business talksC. by establishing business relationsD. by learning about their past performance

20、他们过去的表现。14. This passage mainly talks about _. 本文重要讲了_。A. how Americans treasure their time 美国人是如何爱惜时间的。B. how busy Americans are every dayC. how Americans do business with foreignersD. what American way of life is like15. We can infer from the passage that the authors tone in writing is _. 从本文我们可以看

21、出作者写作的口吻是_。A. criticalB. ironicalC. appreciative欣赏的。D. objectivePassage 3Sixteen-year-old Maria was waiting in line at the airport in Santo Domingo. She was leaving her native country to join her sister in the United States. She spoke English very well. Though she was very happy she could go abroad,

22、 she was feeling sad at leaving her family and fiends. As she was thinking all about this, she suddenly heard the airline employee asking her to pick up her luggage and put it on the scales（称）. Maria pulled and pulled. The bag was too heavy and she just couldnt lift it up. The man behind her got ver

23、y impatient. He, too, was waiting to check in his luggage.Maria，十六岁，她正在圣多明各(多米尼加首都)的机场排队等候。她正要离开自己的祖国去美国和她的姐姐团聚。她的英语讲得很好。虽然她要出国了觉得不久乐，但此时要离开她的家人和朋友也很伤心。正在她想这些的时候，她忽然听到机场的工作人员正在叫她把行李放到称上。Maria拉了又拉，包太重，她主线抬不起来。她后面的男人很不耐烦了。他也是等着托运营李的。“Whats wrong with this girl?” He said, “Why doesnt she hurry up?” He

24、moved forward and placed his bag on the counter, hoping to check in first. He was in a hurry to get a good seat.“这女孩怎么了？”他说道，“她为什么不快点？”他走到前面，把包放在台上，希望能先登记。他急着想要得到一个好的座位。Maria was very angry, but she was very polite. And in her best English she said, “Why are you so upset? There are enough seats for

25、everyone on the plane. If you are in such a hurry, why cant you give me a hand with my luggage?”Maria很气愤，但她很有礼貌。她用最优美的英语说，“你为什么如此伤感？飞机上的每个人都有座位。假如你真的很急，为什么不能帮我搬一下行李？”The man was surprised to hear Maria speak English. He quickly picked up his luggage and stepped back. Everyone was looking at him with

26、 disapproval. (224 words)这男人听到Maria会讲英语觉得很惊讶。他不久拿起自己的行李退了回去。每个人都很不赞成得看着他。6. Marias story happened _. Maria的故事发生在什么时候？A. when she was leaving AmericaB. on her way back to Santo DomingoC. before she left the USAD. when she arrived at the airport 她到达机场后。7. You believer that the work of the airline empl

27、oyee mentioned in the story is to _ at the airport. 你认为故事中提到的机场工作人员的工作是什么？A. help carry peoples luggageB. ask people to pick up the luggageC. check peoples luggage 检查旅客的行李D. take care of peoples luggage8. “Why are you so upset?” Maria said to the man. She wanted to tell him that he should not be _.

28、“为什么你如此伤感？”Maria对那个男人说。她这么说是要告诉他不要不快乐。A. surprisedB. sadC. unhappyD. sorry9. “Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.” This sentence means that the people around felt _. “每个人都很不赞成地看着他”这句话的意思是周边的人为这男人的行为感到很遗憾。A. worried about MariaB. worried about the manC. sorry for Marias mannersD. sorry for

29、the mans manners10. The author mentioned Marias age at the beginning of the story in order to show that _. 作者在故事的开头就提到Maria的年龄是为了表达什么？A. she was young but behaved properly她很小，但行为很得体。B. she would not have left home aloneC. everyone around her was wrongD. it was not good that nobody offered to help he

30、rPassage 4Britain and France are separated by the English Channel, a body of water that can be crossed in as few as 20 minutes. But the cultures of the two countries sometimes seem to be miles apart.英国和法国被英吉利海峡阻隔，游泳穿越该海峡只要不到20分钟的时间。但这两个国家的文化有时相差十万八千里。Last Thursday Britain and France celebrated the 1

31、00th anniversary（周年纪念）of the signing of a friendship agreement called the Entente Cordiality. The agreement marked a new beginning for the countries following centuries of wars and love-hate partnership.上星期四，英国和法国庆祝了和谐协议签订100周年的纪念活动。该协议标志着两个国家在经历了几个世纪的战争和爱恨交织的关系后的新篇章。But their relationship has been

32、ups and downs over the past century. Just last year, there were fierce disagreements over the Iraq war-which British Prime Minister Tony Blair supported despite French President Jacques Chirac speaking out against it. This discomfort is expressed in Blair and Chiracs body language at international m

33、eetings. While the French leader often greets German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder with a hug（拥抱）, Blair just receives a handshake. However, some political experts say the war in Iraq could in fact have helped ties.但他们的关系在上个世纪也经历了几番起落。仅去年，对伊拉克战争问题进行了剧烈的争论-英国首相布莱尔支持而法国总统希拉克反对。国际会议中，这种别扭在布莱尔和希拉克的身体语言中表

34、现得很明显。当法国领导人屡屡与德国总理格哈特施罗德拥抱时，布莱尔只得到了握手。然而，有些政治专家说正是伊拉克战争促进了两国的关系。The history of divisions may well be because of the very different ways in which the two sides see the world. But this doesnt stop 12 million Britons taking holidays in France each year. However, only 3 million French come in the oppos

35、ite direction. Surveys（调查）show that most French people feel closer to the Germans than they do to the British. And the research carried out in Britain has found that only a third of the population believes the French can be trusted. Perhaps this bad feeling comes because the British dislike Frances

36、close relationship with Germany, or because the French are not happy with Britains close links with the US.这种历来的分离也许是好的，由于这两个国家对世界的见解完全不同。但是这并没有阻隔1200万的英国人每年到法国度假。而法国仅有300万的人民去英国度假。调查显示大多数法国人对德国人比对英国人亲切。并且在英国进行的调查显示仅有1/3的英国人信任法国人。也许这种坏的感觉是由于英国人不喜欢法国跟德国的密切关系，或者由于法国对英国和美国的密切关系感到不悦。Whatever the answer

37、is, as both sides celebrate 100 years of “doubtful friendship”, they are at least able to make jokes about each other. Heres one: Whats the best thing about Britains relationship with France? The English Channel. (320 words)不管答案是什么，双方能在一起庆祝这种“不拟定的和谐关系”100周年，至少证明他们会互相开玩笑了。其中一条就是：英国与法国的关系的最佳见证是什么？是英吉利

38、海峡。11. For centuries, the relationship between Britain and France is _. 几世纪以来，英国与法国的关系是一种的爱恨交织的关系。A. friendlyB. impoliteC. brotherlyD. a mixture of love and hate12. The war in Iraq does _ to the relationship between France and Britain. 伊拉克战争对英国和法国的关系起到既好又坏的作用。A. goodB. harmC. neither good nor harmD.

39、 both good and harm13. The British are not so friendly to _ and the French are not so friendly to _. 英国对德国不是那么和谐，法国对美国也不是那么和谐。A. Germany; AmericaB. America; GermanyC. Germany; GermanyD. America; America14. _ are more interested in having holidays in _. 英国人更喜欢到法国度假。A. American peopleBritainB. British

40、 people GermanyC. French people BritainD. British people France15. What does the last sentence mean? 文章的最后一句的意思是什么？A. As long as the English Channel exists, no further disagreement will form between France and Britain.B. The English Channel can prevent anything unfriendly happening in both France an

41、d Britain.C. France and Britain are near neighbors, and this will help balance the relationship between them. 法国和英国是一衣带水的邻邦，这会帮助两国平衡他们之间的关系。D. The English Channel is the largest enemy between France and Britain.Passage 5Community service is an important component of education here at our university.

42、 We encourage all students to volunteer for at least one community activity before they graduate. A new community program called “One On One” helps elementary students whove fallen behind. Your education majors might be especially interested in it because it offers the opportunity to do some teachin

43、g, that is, tutoring in math and English.社区服务是我们大学教育的一个重要的部分。我们鼓励所有的学生在毕业前至少从事一项社区活动。一项新的叫做“一对一”的社区计划是用于帮助那些落后的小学生的。读教育专业的学生也许对这项计划特别感爱好，由于它为你提供了教学（教数学和英语）的机会。Youd have to volunteer two hours a week for one semester. You can choose to help a child with math, English, or both. Half-hour lessons are f

44、ine, so you could do a half hour of each subject two days a week.你在一个学期内每周得自愿工作两小时。你可以选择教小孩数学，英语，或两者都教。一节课半小时比较好，因此你可以每周教两天，每次每门课半小时。Professor Dodge will act as a mentor to the tutors hell be available to help you with lesson plans or to offer suggestions for activities. He has office hours every Tu

45、esday and Thursday afternoon. You can sign up for the program with him and begin the tutoring next week.道奇专家将担任这些家庭教师的顾问。他会帮你制订教学计划或提供活动的建议。他的办公时间是每周二和周四下午。你可以在他那签约参与这个计划并于下周开始工作。Im sure youll enjoy this community service and youll gain valuable experience at the same time. It looks good on your res

46、ume, too, showing that youve had experience with children and that you care about your community. If youd like to sign up, or if you have any questions, stop by Professor Dodges office this week. (220 words)我确信你会喜欢这项社区服务，同时你也能获得宝贵的经验。能在你的简历上表白你有教孩子的经验并且你能关心你的社区，应当是很不错的一件事。假如你乐意签约或假如你有任何问题，于本周前往道奇专家的

47、办公室。6. What is the purpose of the talk? _ 这段话的目的是什么？ A. To explain a new requirement for graduation.B. To interest students in a new community program. 是为了使学生们对一项新的社区计划感爱好。C. To discuss the problems of elementary school students.D. To recruit elementary school teachers for a special program.7. What

48、is the purpose of the program that the speaker describes? _ 发言人所说的这项计划的目的是什么？ A. To find jobs for graduating students.B. To help education majors prepare for final exams.C. To offer tutorials to elementary school students. 为小学生提供家教服务。D. To provide funding for a community service project.8. What does

49、 Professor Dodge do? _道奇专家是干什么的？ A. He advises students to participate in certain program. 他为学生参与某项计划提供建议。B. He teaches part-time in an elementary school.C. He observes elementary school students in the classroom.D. He helps students prepare their resumes.9. What should students who are interested i

50、n the tutorials do? _ 对家教有爱好的学生应当怎么做？ A. Contact the elementary school.B. Sign up for a special class.C. Submit a resume to the dean.D. Talk to Professor Dodge. 和道奇专家谈谈。10. Whom do you think the speaker addresses? _你认为说话者是在对谁说这些话的。 学生。A. Faculty.B. Students.C. ResidentsD. Graduated students.Passage

51、6Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. Wide spread use of written language would not have been possible without some cheap and practical material to write on. The invention of paper meant that more people could be educated because more books could be printed and distribut

52、ed. Together with the printing press, paper provided an extremely important way to communicate knowledge.纸是人类发明的最重要的产品之一。没有一些便宜而又实用的材料来写的话，书面语也不也许广泛传播。纸的发明意味着更多的人可以接受教育，由于更多的书可以印出来并分发出去。纸和印刷一起为知识的交流提供了极其重要的途径。How much paper do you use every year? Probably you cannot answer that question quickly. In

53、1990 the worlds use of paper was about one kilogram for each person a year. Now some countries use as much as 50 kilograms of paper for each person a year. Countries like the United States, England and Sweden use more paper than other countries.我们每年用多少纸呢？也许你无法不久回答出这个问题。在192023，全世界的用纸量是每年人均一公斤左右。现在有些

54、国家的用量达成每年人均50公斤。像美国，英国和瑞典这样的国家的用量远超其他各国。Paper, like many other things that we use today, was first made in China. In Egypt and the West, paper was not very commonly used before the year 1400. The Egyptians wrote on a kind of material made of a water plant. Europeans used parchment for many hundreds

55、of year. Parchment was very strong; it was made from the skin of certain young animals. We have learnt of the most important facts of European history from records that were kept on parchment. (208words) 像许多其他我们用的东西同样，纸最早发明于中国。在埃及和西方，十五世纪前纸并没有广泛使用。埃及人写字写在一种水生植物做成的材料上。欧洲人用羊皮纸用了好几百年。羊皮纸很牢固，它是用某些幼年动物的皮

56、做成的。从羊皮纸上保存的记录中我们了解到关于欧洲历史的最重要的事情。11. Whats the meaning for the word “parchment”? _“parchment”的意思是什么？ A. The skin of young animals.B. A kind of paper made from the skin of certain young animals. 一种用某些幼年动物的皮做成的纸。C. The paper used by European countries.D. The paper of Egypt.12. Which of the following

57、is not mentioned about the invention of paper? _ 关于纸的发明下面哪项没有被提到？ A. More jobs could be provided than before. 工作机会比以前更多了。B. More people could be educated than before.C. More books could be printed and distributed.D. More ways could be used to exchange knowledge.13. When did the Egyptians begin to us

58、e paper widely? _ 埃及人什么时候开始广泛地使用纸？ 大约在142023。A. Around 1400.B. Around 1900.C. Around 400.D. Around 900.14. Which of the following countries uses more paper for each person a year? _ 以下哪个国家每年人均用纸量更大？瑞典。A. ChinaB. SwedenC. EgyptD. Japan15. What is the main idea of this short talk? _ 这篇文章的重要内容是什么？ A. M

59、ore and more paper is being consumed nowadays.B. Paper enables people to receive education more easily.C. The invention of paper is of great significance to man. 纸的发明对人类非常重要。D. Paper contributes a lot to the keeping of historical records.Passage7Laws have been written to govern the use of American N

60、ational Flag, and to ensure proper respect for the flag. Custom has also governed the common practice in regard to its use. All the armed services have precise regulations on how to display the national flag. This may vary somewhat from the general rules. The national flag should be raised and lower

61、ed by hand. Do not raise the flag while it is folded. Unfolded the flag first, and then hoist it quickly to the top of the flagpole. Lower it slowly and with dignity. Place no objects on or over the flag. Do not use the flag as part of a costume or athletic uniform. Do not print it upon cushions, ha

62、ndkerchief, paper napkins or boxes. A federal law provides that the trademark cannot be registered if it comprises the flag, or badgers of the US. When the flag is used to unveil a statue or monument, it shouldnt serve as a covering of the object to be unveiled. If it is displayed on such occasions,

63、 do not allow the flag to the ground, but let it be carried high up in the air to form a feature of the ceremony. Take every precaution to prevent the flag from soiled. It should not be allowed to touch the ground or floor, nor to brush against objects.已经制定了法律来规定美国国旗的使用,并保证对国旗应有的尊敬。关于国旗的使用也早已有了惯例。全军就国旗的展开方法有明确的规定，这与常规有点不同。国旗的升降应由手工完毕。国旗未展开时不能升起。应先使它展开，然后快速把它升至旗杆顶部。缓慢、庄严地降下。旗上不可以放东西。不要把国旗镶嵌在衣服或运动装上，也不要