2023年大学英语四级翻译

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1、英语四级翻译常用词汇：123个中文高频成语翻译一、复习建议：1. 加强历史、文化、经济以及社会发展相关热词的积累2. 广撒网，学习、揣摩这些话题相关的难点单句训练做这些单句训练时，先阅读1遍整个段落，专门挑出自己觉得比较难翻的句子，然后重点练习这一句的翻译。难句会了，简朴句自然不在话下。在做单句翻译时，先尝试自己翻，翻完以后，对照答案，看解析，总结和揣摩其中好的词汇和表达。下面请大家跟着教研君给出的常考单句示例，具体学习吧1. 对于大多数年轻人来说，结婚意味着独立组建家庭，然而物价的不断上涨使这一切变得越来越困难。参考译文：For most young people, marriage mea

2、ns setting up a family independently, which has become increasingly difficult because of the constantly rising prices.词汇点评：组建家庭：set up a family。有同学容易使用start a family。start a family表达begin to have children“开始生儿育女”。越来越：一般看到“越来越”大家习惯译为more and more，比如“越来越多的人”more and more people，但译为a growing number of

3、people可令人眼前为之一亮；而表达“变得越来越”的含义时，使用become increasingly的译法更好。物价的不断上涨：constantly rising prices，而不是price rising。表达点评：本句是一个表转折关系的并列句，后半句中的“物价的不断上涨使这一切”中的“这一切”指代前半句中提到的“结婚意味着独立组建家庭”，因此，用which引导的非限制性定语从句，让整个句子简洁明了。使字句的翻译：“物价的不断上涨”是“这一切变得困难”的因素，因此解决为因素状语，用because of来带出因素。2. 过去十年中国房地产（real estate）行业高速发展。参考译文：

4、The past decade has witnessed a high-speed development in Chinas real estate.词汇点评：十年：decade高速发展：develop rapidly; high-speed development表达点评：本句可直译为For the past decade, Chinas real estate developed rapidly，但假如以“过去十年”作为主语，套用句型time + see / witness + sth.则表达更加生动形象，更易提分。see / witness意为“见证，证明”，具体使用时注意时态应和语

5、境一致。所以本句译为：The past decade has witnessed更地道，注意这里使用现在完毕时。“过去十年”作主语时，注意动词短语“高速发展”要转换为名词短语。3. 胡同（Hutong）是北京的一大特色，有着与北京城同样长远的历史。参考译文：Hutong, with a history as long as that of Beijing city, is a major feature of Beijing.词汇点评：特色：feature; characteristic与同样：as as表达点评：文化类段落翻译中经常考到“特色”一词的翻译，大家一定要牢记。前半句“胡同（Hut

6、ong）是北京的一大特色”是句子主干，后半句“有着与北京城同样长远的历史”可用介词短语with a history as long as that of Beijing city来表达，以插入语的形式置于主语之后，这样整个句子的中心更突出。二、考场“强心针”：1. 问：翻译过程中，表达优美重要，还是对的性重要？答：对的性更重要。假如觉得自己不能翻得特别好，那就一方面保证尽也许少的语法错误，意思表达成即可，抓到分是关键。2. 问：平时积累了不少词汇和表达，到了翻译段落时，忽然不会了，最后翻得不是太好？答：这种情况分两种因素：1）太急着下笔，段落含义没有理解透彻。同学在做汉译英时，一定要一方面认真

7、把整个中文段落多读几遍，理顺其中隐含的逻辑关系和信息，拟定用哪个词做主语、谓语、定语，然后再下笔真正开始翻译。2）同学的语法功底稍有欠缺，这种情况，尽量把汉语的长句子拆成短句子。同样是要多读中文，才干先把中文拆分好，然后逐句、逐句去翻译。3. 问：我翻译的时态总跟答案的时态有出入，怎么办？答：举几个实例来跟同学讲解下。1）碰到“近年来某种现象越来越”的表达。一方面揣摩该现象是否有“正在进行并且将一直连续下去的趋势”，假如符合该条件，使用现在进行时就可以把这个隐含意义完美表达出来。2）强调过去某一现象或从过去延续至今的动作对现在导致的影响，多用现在完毕时态。比如“过去十年，中国的房地产业经历了前

8、所未有的高速增长。”这句中就要使用现在完毕时态而非一般过去时。11.大事化小小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all12.大开眼界 open ones eyes; broaden ones horizon; be an eye-opener13.国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace14.过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far e

9、nough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little15.功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits.16.好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more17.好事不出门恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.18.和气生财 Harmony brings wealth.19.活到老学到老 One is ne

10、ver too old to learn.20.既往不咎 let bygones be bygones21.金无足赤人无完人 Gold cant be pure and man cant be perfect.22.金玉满堂 Treasures fill the home.23.脚踏实地 be down-to-earth24.脚踩两只船 sit on the fence25.君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green26.老生常谈陈词

11、滥调 cut and dried, clich27.礼尚往来 Courtesy calls for reciprocity.28.留得青山在不怕没柴烧 Where there is life, there is hope.29.马到成功 achieve immediate victory; win instant success30.名利双收 gain in both fame and wealth31.茅塞顿开 be suddenly enlightened32.没有规矩不成方圆 Nothing can be accomplished without norms or standards.

12、33.每逢佳节倍思亲 On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of ones dear ones far away.It is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most.34.谋事在人成事在天 The planning lies with man, the outcome with Heaven. Man proposes, God disposes.35.弄巧成拙 be too smart by half; Cunning outwits itself36.拿手好戏 m

13、asterpiece37.赔了夫人又折兵 throw good money after bad38.抛砖引玉 a modest spur to induce others to come forward with valuable contributions; throw a sprat to catch a whale39.破釜沉舟 cut off all means of retreat；burn ones own way of retreat and be determined to fight to the end40.抢得先机 take the preemptive opportun

14、ities41.巧妇难为无米之炊 If you have no hand you cant make a fist. One cant make bricks without straw.42.千里之行始于足下 a thousand-li journey begins with the first step-the highest eminence is to be gained step by step43.前事不忘后事之师 Past experience, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future. 44.前人栽树后人乘凉 One genera

15、tion plants the trees in whose shade another generation rests.One sows and another reaps.45.前怕狼后怕虎 fear the wolf in front and the tiger behind hesitate in doing something46.强龙难压地头蛇 Even a dragon (from the outside) finds it hard to control a snake in its old haunt - Powerful outsiders can hardly affo

16、rd to neglect local bullies.47.强强联手 win-win co-operation48.瑞雪兆丰年 A timely snow promises a good harvest.49.人之初性本善 Mans nature at birth is good.50.人逢喜事精神爽 Joy puts heart into a man.51.人海战术 huge-crowd strategy52.世上无难事只要肯攀登 Where there is a will, there is a way.53.世外桃源 a fictitious land of peace away fr

17、om the turmoil of the world;54.死而后已 until my heart stops beating55.岁岁平安 Peace all year round.56.上有天堂下有苏杭 Just as there is paradise in heaven, ther are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth57.塞翁失马焉知非福 Misfortune may be an actual blessing.58.三十而立 A man should be independent at the age of thirty.At thirty, a ma

18、n should be able to think for himself.59.升级换代 updating and upgrading (of products)60.四十不惑 Life begins at forty.73.团结就是力量Unity is strength.74.“跳进黄河洗不清”eve if one jumped into the Yellow River, one can not wash oneself clean-theres nothing one can do to clear ones name 75.歪风邪气unhealthy practices and ev

19、il phenomena76.物以类聚，人以群分Birds of a feather flock together.77.往事如风The past has vanished (from memory) like wind.; What in past, is pas78.望子成龙hold high hopes for ones child79.屋漏又逢连阴雨Misfortunes never come singly. When it rains it pours.80.文韬武略military expertise; military strategy81.唯利是图draw water to o

20、nes mill82.无源之水,无本之木water without a source, and a tree wiithout roots83.无中生有make create something out of nothing84.无风不起浪There are no waves without wind. Theres no smoke without fire. 85.徇私枉法bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends86.新官上任三把火a new broom sweeps clean87.虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后Modesty

21、helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.88. 蓄势而发accumulate strength for a take-off89.心想事成May all your wish come true90.心照不宣have a tacit understanding; give tacit consent; tacit understanding102.有钱能使鬼推磨Money makes the mare go. Money talks.103. 有识之士people of vision104.有勇无谋use brawn

22、rather than brain105.有缘千里来相会Separated as we are thousands of miles apart, we come together as if by predestination.106.与时俱进advance with times107.以人为本people oriented; people foremost108.因材施教teach students according to their aptitude109.欲穷千里目，更上一层楼to ascend another storey to see a thousand miles furth

23、er; Ascend further, were you to look farther; Would eye embrace a thousand miles? Go up, one flight. a land of milk and honey110.欲速则不达Haste does not bring success.111. 优胜劣汰survival of the fittest112.英雄所见略同Great minds think alike.113.冤家宜解不宜结Better make friends than make enemies.114.冤假错案cases in which

24、 people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced; unjust, false or wrong cases115.一言既出，驷马难追A real man never goes back on his words.116.招财进宝Money and treasures will be plentiful117.债台高筑become debt-ridden119. 众矢之的target of public criticism120.知己知彼,百战不殆Know the enemy and know yourself, an

25、d you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat.121. 纸上谈兵be an armchair strategist122.纸包不住火Truth will come to light sooner or later.123.左右为难between the devil and the deep blue sea中国社会常用词多元文化论 cultural pluralism文化适应 acculturation社会保障 social security班车 shuttle bus相定迁户 a relocated unit or ho

26、usehold大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age独生子女 the only child in a family单亲 single parent福利彩票 welfare lotteries家政服务 household management service民工 migrant laborers名人 celebrity农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers青春期 puberty全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查 nationwide census社会保险

27、social insurance暂住证 temporary residence permit/card青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency性骚扰 sexual harassment走私 smuggling*性另歧视 gender/sexual discrimination年龄歧视 age discrimination工作歧视 job discrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲 illiteracy贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor盗版 pirated/illegal copies一国两制 One Country

28、, Two Systems三个代表 the Three Represents Theory两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)南南合作 South-South Cooperation南北对话 North-South Dialog人大常委会 Peoples Congress Standing Committee法制观念 awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放 reform and opening-up公务员 civil servants官僚主义作风 the bur

29、eaucratic style of work和谐并存 harmonious coexistence计划生育 family planning计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning4青才申文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization居委会 neighborhood committee科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education可连续发展 sustainable development廉洁高效 honesty and h

30、igh efficiency两岸关系 cross-straits relations两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations领 土完整 territorial integrity民族精神 national spirit普选制 general election system求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization小康社会 a well-off society小康水平 a well-off stand

31、ard一个中国原则 the one-China principle与时俱进 keep pace with the times综合国力 overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”（战略）going global不结盟 non-alignment单边主义 unilateralism多边政策 multilateralism多极世界 multipolar world人 口 老龄化 aging of population人口出生率birth rate社区月服务 community service道德法庭 court of ethics盗用公款embez

32、zlement成人夜校 night school for adults在职进修班 on-job training courses政治思想教育 political and ideological education毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate充电 update ones knowledge初等教育 elementary education大学城 college town大学社区 college community高等教育 higher education高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for hi

33、gher education高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering师范学院 teachers college; normal college高分低能 high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招 the college expan

34、sion plan教育界 education circle教育投入 input in education九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动 extracurricular activities必修课 required/compulsory course选修课 elective/optional course基础课 basic courses专业课 specialized courses课程表 school schedule教学大纲 teachin

35、g program; syllabus学习年限 period of schooling学历 record of formal schooling学分 credit启发式教学 heuristic teaching人才交流 talent exchange人才战 competition for talented people商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC)适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a

36、higher grade; enrollment rate总需求 aggregate demand总供应 aggregate supply公司文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture公司形象 corporate image (Cl); enterprise image跨国公司 cross-national corporation创业精神 enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit外资公司 foreign-funded enterprise猎头公司head-hunter假日经济 holiday economy人力资本human c

37、apital航空和航天工业aerospace industry飞机制造工业aircraft industry电子工业 electronic industry汽车制造工业 car industry娱乐业 entertainment industry信息产业 information industry知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry国有大中型公司 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises轻工业 light industry博彩业 lottery industry制造业 manufacturing indust

38、ry垄断行业 monopoly industries市场多元化 market diversification市场经济 market economy市场监管 market supervision购买力 purchasing power熊市 bear market牛市 bull market城乡化 urbanization房地产 real estate首付 down-payment业主 home owner个人购房贷款 individual housing loan经济全球化 economic globalization经济特区 special economic zones (SEZ)经济增长 e

39、conomic growth泡沫经济 bubble economy 关税tariff纳税人tax payer宏观经济macro economy货币投放量 the size of money supply流动性过剩excess liquidity经济过热 overheated economy通货膨胀inflation克制通货膨胀curb inflation注入流动性 to inject liquidity贴现率 discount rate存款准备金率 reserve requirement ratio (RRR)公开市场业务 open market operation (OMO)逆回购 reve

40、rse repurchase agreement; reverse repo引导减少市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy微调货币政策 to fine-tune monetary policy硬着陆 hard landing软着陆 soft landing二十国集团 Group of Twenty (G2O)财政部长 Finance Minister全年预期经济增长目的the expected growth target for the whole year

41、经济活力 economic vitality大规模经济刺激计划 a massive economic stimulus package结构改革 structural reform硬资产 hard assets软资产 soft assets有形资产 tangible assets经济走廊 economic corridor整顿市场秩序 to rectify the market order反垄断 antitrust; anti-monopoly定价浮动 price fluctuations谋求利益最大化 to maximize profit债务审计audit of debt地方性政府债务 loc

42、al government debt/liability公共财政体制改革 an overhaul of the public finance system债务管理 debt management信用支持 credit support京剧 Peking opera秦腔 Qin opera功夫Kungfo太极Tai Chi口 技 ventriloquism木偶戏puppet show皮影戏 shadowplay折子戏 opera highlights杂技 acrobatics相声 witty dialogue comedy刺绣 embroidery苏绣 Suzhou embroidery泥人 cl

43、ay figure书法 calligraphy中国画 traditional Chinese painting水墨画 Chinese brush painting中国结 Chinese knot中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China火药 gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术 paper-making指南针 the compass青铜器 bronze ware瓷器 porcelain; china唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝cloisonne秋千sw

44、ing武术 martial arts儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化 Confucian culture道教 Taoism墨家Mohism法家 Legalism佛教 Buddhism孔子 Confucius孟子 Mencius老子 Lao Tzu庄子 Chuang Tzu墨子 Mo Tzu孙子Sun Tzu象形文字 pictographic characters文房四宝（笔墨纸观）the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)大学The Great Learning中庸The Doctri

45、ne of the Mean论语The Analects of Confucius孟子The Mencius孙子兵法The Art of War三国演义Three Kingdoms西游爷己Journey to the West红楼梦Dream of the Red Mansions水浒传Heroes of the Marshes山海经The Classic of Mountains and Rivers资治通鉴History as a Mirror春秋The Spring and Autumn Annals史记Historical Records诗经The Book of Songs易经The

46、 I Ching; The Book of Changes礼记The Book of Rites三字经Three-character Scriptures八股文 eight-part essay五言绝句 five-character quatrain七言律诗 seven-character octave旗袍 cheongsam中山装 Chinese tunic suit唐装 Tang suit风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历 Solar calendar阴历 Lunar calendar闰年 leap year十二生肖zodiac春节 the Spring Festi

47、val元宵节 the Lantern Festival清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day重阳节 the Double-ninth Day七夕节 the Double-seventh Day春联 spring couplets庙会 temple fair爆竹 firecracker年画（traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱 New Year gift-money舞龙dragon dance元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯

48、 festival lantern灯谜 lantern riddle舞狮 lion dance踩高跷 stilt walking赛龙舟 dragon boat race胡同hutong山东菜 Shandong cuisine川菜 Sichuan cuisine粤菜 Canton cuisine扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine月饼 moon cake年糕 rice cake油条 deep-fried dough sticks豆浆 soybean milk馒头 steamed buns花卷 steamed twisted rolls包子 steamed stuffed buns北京烤鸭 B

49、eijing roast duck拉面 hand-stretched noodles馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐 tofu? bean curd麻花 fried dough twist烧饼 clay oven rolls皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks火锅hot pot长城 the Great Wall of China烽火台 beacon tower秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang兵马俑 Ter

50、racotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs五台山Wutai Mountain九华山 Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei泰山 Mount Tai黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain故宫 the Imperial Palace天坛 the Temple of Heaven午门 Meridian Gate大运河 Grand Canal护城河the Moat回音

51、壁Echo Wall居庸关 Juyongguan Pass九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵 the Ming Tombs苏州园林 Suzhou gardens西湖 West Lake九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭 Sun Moon Lake布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼 drum tower四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex孔庙 Confucius Temple乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉 the Eighteen

52、Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama转世灵重 reincarnated soul boy 中药 traditional Chinese medicine黄帝内经Emperor Huangdi，s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine神农本草经Shennong，s Herbal Classic本草纲目Compendium of Materia Medica针灸 acupuncture推拿 medical massage切脉 feeling the pulse五禽戏 five-animal exercises旧石器时代 the Paleo

53、lithic Age新石器时代 the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan society封建的feudal朝代 dynasty秦朝 Qin Dynasty汉朝 Han Dynasty唐朝 Tang Dynasty宋朝 Song Dynasty元朝 Yuan Dynasty明朝 Ming Dynasty清朝 Qing Dynasty秦士台皇帝 Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin皇太后 Empress Dowager汉高祖刘邦 Liu Bang, Emperor Hanga

54、ozu, founder of the Han Dynasty成吉思汗Genghis Khan春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi皇帝，君主 emperor; monarch诸侯vassal皇妃 imperial concubine丞相，宰相 prime minister太监 court eunuch少数民族 ethnic minority祭祀 offer sacrifices西域 the Western Regions战国 the Warring State

55、s中华文明 Chinese civilization文明的摇篮 cradle of civilization秦始皇统一中国 unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang鸦片战争the Opium War太平天国 the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom戌戌变法 the Reform Movement of 1898辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution新民主主义革命 New-democratic Revolution五四运动 the May 4th Movement of 1919南昌起义 Nanchang Upr

56、ising918 事变 September 18th Incident长征 the Long March西安事变 Xian Incident南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japan毛泽东 Mao Tse-tong孙中山 Sun Yat-sen蒋介石 Chiang Kai-shek国民党 Kuomingtang中华人民共和国 the Peoples Republic of China (PRC)满族 Manchu蒙古人Mongol士大夫 scholar-officials学者 scholar诗人 poet政治家statesman社会地位social status