祈使句and句型

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1、祈使句（表条件）+ and +主句（表结果）（1）、祈使句（表条件）+ or else/or/otherwise + 主句（表结果） “否则，要不然”（2）、祈使句（表条件）+ and +主句（表结果）例句Hurry up, or youll be late for class.Please call me up before you come, otherwise/or else/or we might be out.你来之前打个电话，否则，我们也许会出去。Think it over and you will find the answer.Give him an inch and he w

2、ill take a mile. 得寸进尺。Work hard and you will make progress every day. 好好学习，天天向上。1. Stand over there_ youll be able to see it better.A. or B. while C. butD. and2. _ straight on and youll see a church. You wont miss it.A. GoB. Going C. If you go D. When going3. There are eight tips in Dr. Rogers lectu

3、re on sleep, and one of them is: _to bed early unless you think it is necessary.A. doesnt goB. not to goC. to goingD. dont go4. Start out right away, _ youll miss the first train.（2006四川） A. andB. butC. orD. while5. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _ advertisements showing happy fam

4、ilies. A. will often seeB. often seeC. are often seeing Dn6. _ blood if you can and many lives will be saved. A. GivingB. GiveC. GivenD. To give7. _ at the door before entering please.（2001春季） A. KnockedB. To knockC. KnockingD. Knock8. _ some of this juiceperhaps you will like it.（2000春季） A. TryingB

5、. TryC. To tryD. Have tried9. What should I do with this passage? _the main idea of each paragraph.（2005重庆） A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out10. Can the project be finished as planned? Sure, _ it completed in time, well work two more hours a day.（2005福建） A. having got B. to get

6、C. getting D. get11. _ more about university courses, call (920)746-3789.（2005浙江） A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out12. Follow your doctors advice, _ your cough will get worse.（2005辽宁） A. or B. and C. then D. so13. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this we

7、ek, better _ityouve got some big bills coming.（2004广东）A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget14. Dont be discouraged. _ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. A. TakingB. To takeC. TakeD. Taken15. _ and Ill get the work finished.（2006重庆高考题） A. Have one more hourB. One m

8、ore hour C. Given one more hourD. If I have one more hour16. Dont worry if you cant come to _ partyIll save _ cake for you.（2006浙江） A. the; some B. a; much C. the; any D. a; little17. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 _ off at 18:20.（2006四川） A. takesB. tookC. will be takenD. has taken19.

9、Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.（2006福建）A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off20. Always read the _ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.（2006福建）A. explanations B. instructions C. des criptions D. introductions21. Dont sit

10、 there nothing. Come and help me with this table.（2006湖北）A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing 参考答案和提示 1.D 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. B 21. C祈使句与高考河南省淮阳中学高三备课组 赵开中 丁一 作为简单句的一种，祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、建议、叮嘱、劝告、厌烦、祝愿或邀请等含义。其主语通常省略，但也可加上

11、主语以示强调。祈使句的主语使用动词原形，句子一般使用降调，句末使用句号或叹号。结合近几年高考中的有关试题，现将其常用形式归纳如下：一、 不带主语的祈使句；Be careful next time!Come and see me whenever it is convenient to you.二、 带主语的祈使句；为了加强语气或指明同谁说话，可在动词前加上主语。加上主语时，由于是面对面说话并直呼其名，故不论第几人称，动词均用原形，不考虑主谓一致问题。Nobody move！ 谁都别动！试比较：Nobody moves. 没人动Mary come here everybody else stay

12、 where you are. (老师对学生们说) 马丽过来，其他人都别动。You put on more clothes. Its cold outside. (加强语气)三、 （条件）祈使句+and/ or+ （结果）简单句；此句型为“条件与结果”并存的句式，其中的祈使句可转化为if条件句。Work hard and you will succeed.试比较：If you work hard, you will succeed. 或：Working hard, you will succeed.Hurry up, or you will miss the last bus.试比较：If y

13、ou dont hurry up, you will miss the last bus.Dont walk alone late at night, or you will be in trouble.试比较：If you walk alone late at night, you will be in trouble.Get dressed quickly, or youll be late for Bettys birthday party.注意：有时前面的祈使句可简化成一个名词短语，如：A bit more effort and you will succeed.= Make a bi

14、t more effort and you will succeed.= If you make a bit more effort, you will succeed.四、 祈使句+附加信息；附加信息常表示发出祈使动作的原因Put on your coat, pleaseits very cold outside.Turn down the TV setthe baby is asleep in the room.五、 祈使句的附加疑问句；Post the letter for me, will you?在祈使句的否定结构后面，只用will you。Dont forget, will you

15、?在lets后面用shall we；在let us后面用will you。Lets go there at once, shall we? （包括对方在内）Let us go there, will you? （不包括对方在内，但对方有批准权）六、 祈使句的否定形式；1否定形式常在动词原形前加dont/do not或never，以示忠告或警告，如：Never speak to me like that again!Dont bring textbooks into the examination room.Never forget to begin a sentence with a capi

16、tal letter.2也可使用No+ v-ing/n.形式，如：No parking/smoking/admission!3Lets 或let us的否定形式是在其后加not； Let s not talk about that matter. Let us not do it again.4注意与代词主语连用时的否定祈使句的语序，如：Dont you believe it. 你可不能相信那个。比较：You dont believe it. 你不相信Dont anybody say a word. 谁也别吭声！比较：Anybody doesnt say a word. 没有人说话。高考佐证：

17、试看NMET2003，第24题：Sorry, Joe. I dont mean toDont call me“Joe”. I am Mr. Parker to you, and _you forget it!A. do B. didnt C. did D. dont答案选D。经调查，本题失误者甚多，除了时态上的原因之外，还有语序上的原因。在否定结构中，you应放在dont之后，来表达对方对自己称呼错误的不满，意为，“你可不要忘了！”。七、 祈使句的强调形式；为了表示强调或加强命令、劝告的语气，使句子更具有说服力，常在其谓语动词前加上do。Do put the direct object aft

18、er the verb.Do tell me where to buy the tickets for the concert.Do be careful next time!八、 祈使句的问句回答形式Have another cup of coffee, OK ?_.A. With my pleasure B. You are welcomeC. I can manage it D. Thats very kind of you本题答案选D。九、常见的祈使句的表达句型； 表间接祈使Tell sb (not) to do sth. 表建议Lets (not) do sth. 表委婉祈祈使1 W

19、hy dont you？2 Would you like to？3 Will/ Would you？4 Why not?5 Please come with me, will you?6 Help me with the luggage, wont you?7 Get me a ticket for the concert, can you? 表强硬命令1. You must do as I say. 你一定要按我说的去做。2. You mustnt talk back. 不许回嘴。3. No one is to leave here until I return.4. you are not

20、 to park your car here. 你不可在此停车。5. I wont have anything said against my country.6. I want/ tell you (not) to do sth. 表警告1. Look out! Theres a car coming!2. Mind your steps!3. Take care not to lose your bike! 表禁止1. Dont fish here.2. Never fish here.3. You mustnt fish here.4. You are not to fish here.

21、5. You are not allowed to fish here.6. Fishing is forbidden here.7. No fishing! 表劝告Youd better (not) do sth.Hadnt you better do it yourself?高考对“祈使句and陈述句”句型的考查学一些，记一点 2009-12-28 19:41:22 阅读607 评论2 字号：大中小订阅 请看下面一道题：Stand over there _ youll be able to see the oil painting better. A. but B. till C. and

22、 D. or此题答案为C。此题考查在特定语境下使用“祈使句and陈述句”句型的能力，侧重点是对连接词的考查。本句型句子结构分是由连词and连接的并列句，前一分句表示一种条件或假设， 相当于if条件状语从句， 后一分句表示一种结果或推论。此句可变化如下：If you stand over there, youll be able to see the oil painting better.但此句为复合句。解决此类问题， 要了解“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”句型的三种变化形式 1 “祈使句 + 破折号 + 陈述句” Try some of this juiceperhaps youll li

23、ke it. （2000年京皖春招） 尝尝这种果汁， 也许你会喜欢的。 2 “名词词组 + and + 陈述句” 名词词组中通常含有more, another, further, earlier等词。 It is really very dangerous One more step, and the baby will fall into the well 真危险。再多迈一步， 这个小孩儿就掉进井里了。 Another 500, and I could buy a car 假如我再有500镑， 就能买辆小汽车了。 One step further and youll lost 再多走一步，

24、你就会迷失方向了。 A few minutes earlier, and I could have seen the famous scientist 要是我早来几分钟， 就能见到那位著名的科学家了。 3 “祈使句 + or + 陈述句” or表示“否则”、“要不然的话”， or可用or else或otherwise替换， 从反面来预测结果。 Take the chance, or you will regret it. 抓住机会吧， 否则你会遗憾的。 Watch your step, or else you might fall into the water 留神脚下， 不然你会掉进水里的。

25、 Do as youre told, otherwise youll be in trouble 叫你怎么做就怎么做， 否则你会有麻烦的。 要使用好此句型，要注意以下两个问题：1. 当陈述句是一般将来时或一般现在时的时候， 祈使句是真实条件句。例如： Follow the advice of the doctor, and youll be well very soon 解析：陈述句谓语部分为一般将来时， 所以祈使句表示真实条件句（If you follow the advice of the doctor）。 Work hard, and you can make rapid progres

26、s in your study 解析：陈述句谓语部分为一般现在时， 所以祈使句表示真实条件句(If you work hard)。 2. 当陈述句的谓语动词是would / should / could / might + 动词原形或完成体时， 祈使句表示非真实条件句。例如： Pass my house and you might return the book you borrowed 解析：陈述句谓语部分为might return， 所以祈使句表示非真实条件句（If you should pass my house）。 Come tomorrow and I would tell you

27、everything 解析：陈述句谓语部分为would tell， 所以祈使句表示非真实条件句（If you should come tomorrow）。 高考链接： 1 Start out right away，_ youll miss the first train. （2006年四川卷） A and B.but C.or D.while 2 Follow your doctors advice，_ your cough will get worse （2005年辽宁卷） A or B and C then D so 3 Lose one hour in the morning _ you

28、 will be looking for it the rest of the day （2005年北京春季卷） A but B and C or D so 4_ straight on and youll see a church You wont miss it （2004年湖北卷） A Go B Going C If you go D When going 5. Stand over there _ youll be able to see it better （2004年天津卷） A or B while C but D and 6 -English has a large vocab

29、ulary， hasnt it? -Yes_ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read andcommunicate （2004年上海卷） A Know B Knowing C To know D Known 7 Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _ advertise-ments showing happy families （2004年湖南卷） A will often see B often see C are often seeing D

30、 have often seen 8. Lets keep to the point or we _ any decisions （NMET2004） A will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached 9 Dont be discouraged._ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. （2003年上海春季卷） A Taking B. To take C Take D Taken 10._ blood if you

31、 can and many lives will be saved. （2001年上海春季卷） A Giving B. Give C Given D To give 11 One more week，_ we will accomplish the task. （1999年上海卷） A. or B. so that C and D. if 12_ it with me and Ill see what I can do （NMET98） A When left B. Leaving C If you leave D. Leave 13. _ and Ill get the work finished A Have one more hour B One more hour C Given one more hour D If I have one more hour 解析：从上看， and连接了两个分句， 两句间存在着一种顺承关系， 其中换句话说， 本题考查的是“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型， 其中祈使句可转换成名词短语， 故答案为B。 答案：1. C2. A3. B. A5. D6. A7. A8. A9. C .B11. C 12. D 13. B