水利专业名词

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1、水利专业名词（中英）A安全储备 安全系数 安全性 岸边溢洪道 岸边绕渗 岸墙safety reservesafety factorsafetyriverbank spillwaybypass seepage around bank slope abutment wall岸塔式进水口 banktower intakeB坝的上游面坡度 upstream slpoe of dam坝的下游面 坝顶 坝顶长度 坝顶超高 坝高 坝顶高程 坝顶宽度 坝段 坝基处理 坝基排水 坝基渗漏 坝肩 坝壳 坝坡 坝坡排水downstream face of dam dam crest crest length fre

2、eboard of dam crest dam height crest elevation crest width monolith foundation treatment drain in dam foundation leakage of dam foundation dam abutment dam shell dam slope drain on slope坝体混凝土分区 grade zone of concrete in dam 坝体排水系统drainage system in dam坝型选择 坝址选择 坝趾 坝踵 坝轴线 本构模型 鼻坎 比尺 比降 闭门力 边墩 边界层 边墙

3、边缘应力 变形观测selection of dam type selection of dam site dam toe dam heel dam axis constitutive model bucket scale gradient closing force side pier boundary layer side wall boundary stress deformation observation变中心角变半径拱坝 variable angle and radius arch dam标准贯入试验击数number of standard penetration test冰压力ic

4、e pressure薄壁堰sharpcrested weir薄拱坝thinarch dam不均匀沉降裂缝differential settlement crack不平整度CirregularityC 材料力学法method of strength of materials材料性能分项系数partial factor for property of material侧槽溢洪道side channel spillway侧轮side roller侧收缩系数coefficient of side contraction测缝计joint meter插入式连接insert type connection差

5、动式鼻坎differential bucket掺气aeration掺气槽aeration slot掺气减蚀cavitation control by aeration厂房顶溢流spill over power house沉降settlement沉井基础sunk shaft foundation沉沙池sediment basin沉沙建筑物sedimentary structure沉沙条渠sedimentary channel沉陷缝settlement joint沉陷观测settlement observation衬砌的边值问题boundary value problem of lining衬砌计

6、算lining calculation衬砌自重deadweight of lining承载能力bearing capacity承载能力极限状态limit state of bearing capacity持住力holding force齿墙cutoff wall冲击波shock wave冲沙闸flush sluice冲刷坑scour hole重现期return period抽排措施pump drainage measure抽水蓄能电站厂房pump-storage power house出口段outlet section初步设计阶段preliminary design stage初参数解法pre

7、liminary parameter solution初生空化数incipient cavitation number初应力法 船闸 垂直升船机 纯拱法 次要建筑物 刺墙 粗粒土 错缝 D大坝安全评价 大坝安全监控 大坝老化 大头坝 单层衬砌 单级船闸 单线船闸 挡潮闸 挡水建筑物 导流洞 导墙 倒虹吸管 倒悬度 等半径拱坝initial stress method navigation lock vertical ship lift independent arch method secondary structure key-wall coarse-grained soil stagger

8、ed joint assessment of dam safety monitor of dam safety dam aging massive-head dam monolayer lining lift lock single line lock tide sluice retaining structure diversion tunnel guide wall inverted siphon overhang constant radius arch dam等中心角变半径拱坝 constant angle and variable radius arch dam 底流消能 底缘 地基

9、变形 地基变形模量 地基处理 地下厂房energy dissipation by hydraulic jump bottom edgefoundation deformation deformation modulus of foundation foundation treatment underground power house地下厂房变压器洞 transformer tunnel of underground power house 地下厂房出线洞 地下厂房交通洞 地下厂房通风洞 地下厂房尾水洞 地下轮廓线 地下水 地形条件 地形图比例尺 地应力 地震 地震烈度 地质条件 垫层busb

10、ar tunnel of underground power house access tunnel of underground power house ventilation tunnel of underground power house tailwater tunnel of underground power house under outline of structure groundwater topographical condition scale of topographical map ground stress earthquake earthquake intens

11、ity geological condition cushion垫座 吊耳 调度 跌坎 跌流消能 跌水 迭代法 叠梁 丁坝plinth lift eye dispatch dropstep drop energy dissipation drop iteration method stoplog spur dike定向爆破堆石坝 directed blasting rockfill dam动强度 动水压力dynamic strength hydrodynamic pressure洞内孔板消能 energy dissipation by orifice plate in tunnel 洞内漩流消

12、能 energy dissipation with swirling flow in tunnel洞身段 洞室群 洞轴线 陡坡 渡槽tunnel body section cavern group tunnel axis steep slope短管型进水口 intake with pressure short pipe断层 堆石坝fault rockfill dam对数螺旋线拱坝 log spiral arch dam多级船闸多线船闸multi-stage lock multiline lock多心圆拱坝 multi-centered arch dam 多用途隧洞 multiuse tunne

13、l E二道坝secondary damF发电洞 筏道 反弧段 反滤层 防冲槽 防洪power tunnellogwaybucketfiltererosion control trench flood preventi，flood control防洪限制水位 restricted stage for flood prevention防浪墙防渗墙防渗体 放空底孔parapet antiseepage wall anti-seepage body unwatering bottom outlet非常溢洪道 emergency spillway 非线性有限元 non-linear finite ele

14、ment method 非溢流重力坝 nonoverflow gravity dam分岔 分洪闸 分项系数forkflood diversion sluice partial factor分项系数极限状态设计法 limit state design method of partial factor封拱 封拱温度arch closure closure temperature浮筒式升船机 ship lift with floats浮箱闸门浮运水闸floating camel gate floating sluice辅助消能工 appurtenant energy dissipationG刚体极限

15、平衡法 rigid limit equilibrium method刚性支护rigid support钢筋混凝土衬砌 reinforced concrete lining钢筋计钢闸门高边坡reinforcement meter steel gate high side slope高流速泄水隧洞 discharge tunnel with high velocity工程管理 工程规划 工程量工程设计 工程施工 工作桥工作闸门project management project plan quantity of work engineering design engineering constru

16、ction service bridge main gate拱坝坝肩岩体稳定 stability of rock mass near abutment of arch dam拱坝布置layout of arch dam拱坝上滑稳定分析 upsliding stability analysis of arch dam拱坝体形拱端拱冠 拱冠梁法shape of arch dam arch abutment arch crown crown cantilever method拱冠梁剖面profile of crown cantilever拱内圈 拱外圈 固结 固结灌浆 管涌 灌溉 规范intrado

17、sextrados consolidation consolidation grouting pipingirrigationcode，specification过坝建筑物 structures for passing dam过滤层过渡区过木机transition layer transition zone log conveyer过木建筑物 log pass structures 过鱼建筑物 fish-pass structures H海漫flexible涵洞culvert河道冲刷river bed scour荷载load荷载组合load combination横缝transverse jo

18、int横拉闸门horizontal rolling /sliding gate洪水标准flood standard虹吸溢洪道siphon spillway厚高比 thickness to hight ratio 弧形闸门radial gate护岸工程bankprotection works护坡slope protection护坦apron戽琉消能bucketype energy dissipation滑坡land slip滑楔法sliding wedge method滑雪道式溢洪道 skijump spillway 环境评价 environment assessment 换土垫层cushion

19、 of replaced soil回填灌浆backfill grouting混凝土 concrete 混凝土衬砌 concrete lining 混凝土防渗墙 concrete cutoff wall 混凝土面板 concrete face slab混凝土面板堆石坝 concrete-faced rockfill dam 混凝土重力坝 concrete gravity dam J基本荷载组合 basic load combination基本剖面 基面排水 激光准直发 极限平衡法 极限状态 坚固系数 剪切模量 剪切应力 检查 检修闸门 简单条分法 建筑材料basic profile base l

20、evel drainage method of laser alignment limit equilibrium method limit state soundness coefficient shear modulus shear stress inspection bulkhead simple slices method construction material简化毕肖普法 渐变段 键槽 浆砌石重力坝 交叉建筑物 交通桥 校核洪水位 校核流量 接触冲刷 接触流土 节制闸 结构可靠度 结构力学法 结构系数 截流环 截水槽 进口段 进口曲线 进水喇叭口 进水闸 浸润面 浸润线 经济评价

21、 井式溢洪道 静水压力 均质土坝开敞式溢洪道 开裂机理 勘测 坎上水深 抗冲刷性simplified Bishops method transition key/keyway cement-stone masonry gravity dam crossing structure access bridgewater level of check floo check flood discharge contact washing soil flow on contact surface controlling sluice reliability of structure structural

22、 mechanics method structural coefficient cutoff collar cutoff trench inlet inlet curve inlet bellmouth inlet sluice saturated area saturated line economic assessment shaft spillway hydrostatic pressure homogeneous earth dam open channel spillway crack mechanism exploration survey water depth on sill

23、 scour resistance抗冻性 frost resistance抗滑稳定安全系数 safety coefficient of stability against sliding 抗剪断公式 shear-break strength formula 抗剪强度 shear strength 抗裂性 crack resistance 抗磨 abrasion-resistance 抗侵蚀性 erosionresistance抗震分析 analysis of earthquake resistance 颗粒级配曲线 grain size distribution curve 可靠度指标 rel

24、iability index 可行性研究设计阶段 design stage of feasibility study 空腹重力坝 hollow gravity dam空腹拱坝 空化 空化数 空蚀 空隙水压力 控制堰 枯水期 库区 宽顶堰 宽缝重力坝 宽高比 扩散段 扩散角hollow arch dam cavitation cavitation number cavitation damage pore water pressure control weir low water period reservoir area broad crested weir slotted gravity d

25、am width to height ratio expanding section divergent angleL 拦沙坎 拦污栅 廊道 浪压力 棱体排水 理论分析 力法方程 连续式鼻坎 联合消能 梁式渡槽 量水建筑物 裂缝sediment control sill trash rack gallery wave pressure prism drainage theory analysis canonical equation of force method plain bucketcombined energy dissipation beam-type flume water-mea

26、sure structure crack临界水力坡降 critical hydraulic gradient临时缝temporary joint临时性水工建筑物 temporary hydraulic structure流量 流速 流态 流土 流网 流向 露顶式闸门 Mdischarge flow velocity flow pattern soil flow flow net flow direction emersed gate马蹄形断面 脉动压力 锚杆支护 门叶 迷宫堰 面流消能 模型试验horseshoe section fluctuating pressure anchor supp

27、ort gate flap labyrinth weir energy dissipation of surface regime model test摩擦公式摩擦系数目标函数friction factor formula coefficient of friction objective functionN内部应力 内摩擦角 内水压力 挠度观测 泥沙压力 粘性土internal stressinternal friction angle internal water pressure deflection observation silt pressure cohesive soil碾压混凝

28、土重力坝 roller compacted concrete gravity dam凝聚力 扭曲式鼻坎 P 排沙底孔 排沙漏斗 排沙隧洞 排水 排水孔 排水设施 抛物线拱坝cohesiondistorted type bucketflush bottom outlet flush funnel flush tunnel drainage drain hole drainage facilities parabolic arch dam喷混凝土支护 shotcrete support喷锚支护 漂木道 平板坝spray concrete and deadman strut log chutefla

29、t slab buttress dam平衡重式升船机 vertical ship lift with counter weight平面闸门 平压管 坡率 破碎带 铺盖Qplain gate equalizing pipe slope ratio crush zone blanket启闭机 启门力 砌石拱坝 潜坝 潜孔式闸门 倾斜仪hoistlifting force stone masonry arch dam submerged dam submerged gate clinometer曲线形沉沙池 curved sedimentary basin渠首渠道 渠系建筑物 取水建筑物canal

30、headcanalcanal system structure water intake structureR人工材料心墙坝 earthrock dam with manufactured central core人字闸门mitre gate任意料区miscellaneous aggregate zone溶洞solution cavern柔度系数flexibility coefficient褥垫式排水horizontal blanket drainage软弱夹层Qweak intercalationS 三角网法triangulation method三角形单元triangular elemen

31、t三心圆拱坝three center arch dam三轴试验triaxial test扇形闸门sector gate上游upstream设计洪水位design flood level设计基准期design reference period设计阶段design stage设计阶段划分dividing of design stage设计流量design discharge设计状况系数design state coefficient设计准则design criteria伸缩缝contraction joint渗流比降seepage gradient渗流变形seepage deformation渗流

32、分析seepage analysis渗流量seepage discharge渗流体积力mass force of seepage渗流系数permeability coefficient生态环境ecological environment生态平衡ecological balance失效概率probability of failure施工导流construction diversion施工缝construction joint施工管理construction management施工条件construction condition施工图阶段construction drawing stage施工进

33、度construction progress实体重力坝solid gravity dam实用剖面practical profile实用堰practical weir事故闸门emergency gate视准线法collimation method收缩段constringent section枢纽布置layout of hydraulic complex水电站地下厂房 水电站建筑物 水垫塘 水工建筑物 水工隧洞 水环境 水库吹程 水库浸没 水库渗漏 水库坍岸 水库淹没 水力资源 水力劈裂 水利工程 水利工程设计水利枢纽 水面线 水能 水平位移 水体污染 水土流失 水位急降 水压力 水闸水质 水资源

34、顺坝 四边形单元 塑性破坏 塑性变形 塑性区 锁坝输水建筑物water conveyance structure竖式排水vertical drainage数值分析numerical analysis双层衬砌doublelayer lining双曲拱坝double curvature arch dam underground power house hydroelectric station structure cushion basin hydraulic structure hydraulic tunnel water environment fetch reservoir submersi

35、on reservoir leakage reservoir bank caving reservoir inundation water power resource hydraulic fracture hydraulic engineering，water project design of hydroproject水利工程枢纽分等 rank of hydraulic complex hydraulic complex water level line hydraulic energy horizontal displacement water pollution water and s

36、oil loss instantaneous reservoir drawdown hydraulic pressu sluice water quality water resources longitudinal dike quadrangular element failure by plastic flow plastic deformation plastic range closure dike锁定器dog deviceT 型墩T-type pier塌落拱法roof collapse arch method塔式进水口tower intake台阶式溢流坝面 steptype over

37、flow face弹塑性理论elastoplastic theory弹性基础梁beam on elastic foundation弹性抗力elastic resistance弹性中心elastic centre弹性理论theory of elasticity特殊荷载组合special load combination体形优化设计shape optimizing design挑距jet trajectory distance挑流消能ski-jump energy dissipation挑射角exit angle of jet调压室surge tank贴坡排水surface drainage on

38、 dam slope通航建筑物navigation structure通气孔air hole土工复合材料geosynthetic土工膜geomembrane土工织物geotexile土石坝earthrock dam土压力earth pressure土质材料斜墙坝earthrock dam with inclined soil core土质心墙坝earth-rock dam with central soil core驼峰堰hump weir椭圆曲线WWES 型剖面堰elliptical curveWES curve profile weir外水压力external water pressure

39、弯矩平衡moment equilibrium围岩surrounding rock围岩强度 围岩稳定分析strength of surrounding rock围岩压力surrounding rock pressu帷幕灌浆curtain grouting维修maintenance尾水渠tailwater canal温度缝temperature joint温度计thermometer温度应变temperature strain温度应力temperature stress温降temperature drop温升temperature rise污水处理sewage treatment无坝取水undam

40、ed intake无粘性土cohesionless soil无压泄水孔freeflow outletX 下游 现场检查 橡胶坝 消力池 消能防冲设计 消能工 校核洪水位 校核流量 斜缝 斜墙 泄洪洞 泄洪雾化 泄水重力坝 胸墙 悬臂梁 汛期Y 压力计 压缩曲线 淹没系数 扬压力 养护 液化 溢洪道 溢流面 溢流前缘 溢流堰顶 溢流重力坝 翼墙 翼墙式连接 引航道 引水渠 引张线法 应力分析 应力集中 应力应变观测 应力重分布 永久缝 优化设计 有坝取水 有效库容 预压加固 预应力衬砌downstream field inspection rubber dam stilling basin de

41、sign of energy dissipation and erosion control energy dissipator water level of check flood check flood discharge inclined joint inclined core flood discharge tunnel flood discharge atomization overflow gravity dam breast wall cantiever beam flood periopressure meter compressive curve coefficient of

42、 submergence uplift cure liquifaction spillway overflow face length of overflow crest overflow crest overflow gravity dam wing wall wing wall type connection approach channel diversion canal tense wire method stress analysis stress concentration stressstrain observation stress redistribution permane

43、nt joint optimizing design barrage intake effective storage soil improvement by preloading prestressed lining原型 prototype 约束条件 constraint condition 允许水力坡降 allowable hydraulic gradient Z增量法 increment method 闸底板floor of slui闸墩pier闸孔sluice opening闸孔跨距span of sluice opening闸门槽gate slot闸室chamber of sluic

44、e闸首lock head闸址sluice site正槽溢洪道 chute spillw 正常使用极限状态 limit state of normal operation 正应力 normal stress 正常溢洪道 main spillw 支墩坝 buttress dam 止水 watertight seal 止水装置 sealing device 趾板 toe slab 趾墩 toe pier 滞回圈 hysteresis loop 主应力 principal stress 纵缝 longitudinal joint 阻尼比 damped ratio 作用 action 作用水头 working pressure head 最优含水率 optimum moisture content