代词的使用方法

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1、代词分类：人称、物主、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。1) 主格用来作句子的主语、表语。如：loften go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物)2) 宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如：Who teaches you English this year?(3) 人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时，可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式， 口语中大多用宾格。如：-Who is it?(是谁？)-ItsI/me.(是我。)4) 三个不同人称同时出现，或者主语

2、中包含“我”时，按照“youfheI”的顺序表达。如：Both he and丄are working at that computer company. / -Who will go there? /You and me.5) 人称代词三除了可以指人指物之外，还可以表示时间、天气、温度、碰离、情况？等含义，此外还可 以作“非人称代词”使用，替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。如：-Whats the weather like today?/Its fine. / -Whats the time?Its 12： 00. / Its a long way to go.物主代词：说明事

3、物所属关系的代词，分为形容词性和名词性两种。1、形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。如：Is that your umbrella?2、名词性物主代词,既代替事物又表明所属关系，在句子中独立地作主语、宾语或者表语，后面不可以 跟名词。如：This is your cup,but where is mine? / Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small.3、of +名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格，作定语时放在名词的后面。如：A friend of mine came to see me yesterday./

4、My friend came to see me yesterday.反身代词：表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。1、反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射，如：Dont play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.2、在句子中作同位语表示强调：The story itself is good. Only he didnt tell it well.3、指示代词：指示说明近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者现在的人或事物。This,these;that,those;such(上文提过的人和物)same, it等，指示代词既可以单独使用

5、做句子的主语、宾 语或表语，也可以作定语修饰名词。如：Whatsthis?/ That model plane is made of plastic.My bag is yellow， (her bag) is red， (his bag) is blue and(your) bag is pink.Whats(you) name?(I ) name is Sally. Is this(you) book? No,， it isnt， its.(her book) This is(we) classroom.(They) classroom is over there.This is not(

6、he) book.(his book) is over there. This is not( I ) book.(my book) is in the bag. Where is(you) book? I cant find(your book) 1.Is that car yours? Yes, it is .2.How is Mr Li? is fine, thanks.3.Put on hat! I amgoingto put it on. 4.Who is that over here?It is.5.The oldman lives by .6.I am sure I can do

7、 it all by .7. Look,is this room beautiful? I painted . &Id like to go for a walk. too.关系代词：用来弓I导定语从句的代词叫关系代词渗见后面的定语从句。1、who ,which,that ,whom等，将定语从句和主句起来。在从句中担任一定的成分，又起连接作用。如：The student who is drawing a picture is in Grade One.(正在画画的学生是一年级的)2、who / whom 指人,作从句 的宾语，有时省略：Do you know the man who is w

8、earing a red hat?3、which 指物,作从句的宾语，有时省略：Have you found the book which you lost several days ago?4、关系代词that既可指人也可指物,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。Can you see the man/dog that is running along the river bank ?连接代词：用来引导宾语从句、主语从句或表语从句的连接词称连接代词。英语中连接代词主要有：what(什么),who(谁),whom(谁),which(哪个),whose(谁的)。详见相应从句。不定代词：代替或修饰不特指

9、的人或事物的代词叫不定代词。单数 含义som e anyno none/each (every)oneeither, neithersothe other, another复合不 定代词不可数含义muchlittle, a littleall/复数 含义manyfew, a fewonesbothothers, the others注：复合不定代词有12个：something（某事）,someone（某人）,somebody（某人）,anything（任何事）， anyone（任何人）,anybody（任何人）,nothing （没事）,nobody（没有人）,no one（没有人）,ever

10、ything（切）， everyone（每个人）,everybody （每个人）.（1）some和any的用法：some一般用于肯定句中,意思是几个、一些、某个 作定语时可修饰可 数名词或不可数名词。如：I have some work to do today. / They will go there some day.some用于疑问句时，表建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答：Would you like some coffee with sugar?any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中，意思是任何一些、任何一个，作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词。 如：They didnt have any frie

11、nds here. / Have you got any questions to ask?（你有问题要问吗？） any用于肯定句时，意思是 任何的。Come here with any friend.（随便带什么朋友来吧。）（2）no和none的用法：no是形容词，只能作定语表示,意思是没有，修饰可数名词（单数或复数）或不可数名词。如：There is no time left. Please hurry up.（没有时间了，请快点）/ They had no reading books to lend.（他们没有阅读用书可以出借）none只能独立使用，在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语，意思是没

12、有一个人（或事物），表示复数或单数。 女如 None of them is/are in the classroom. / I have many books, but none is interesting.（3）all和both的用法：all指三者或三者以上的人或物，用来代替或修饰可数名词；也可用来代替或修 饰不可数名词。both指两个人或物，用来代替或修饰可数名词。all和both在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。I know all of the four British students in their school. / -Would you like this one or

13、that one? -Both.all和both既可以修饰名词（all/both+（the）+名词）,也可以独立使用，采用all/both + of the +名词（复数）的形式，其中的of可以省略。如：All （of） （the） boys are naughty.（是男孩都调皮）（4）every 和 each 用法：every是形容词，只能作定语修饰单数名词，意思是每一个，表示整体概念；each是形容词、代词，作主语、宾语、定语等，是每个或者各个，表示单个概念；each可以放在名词 前，后跟of短语，与动词同时出现要放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后或者行为动词之前every和each都用

14、作单数理解，但是下文中既可以用单数的代词（如he/him/his）也可以用复数的代词（如 they/them/their）替代。如： Every one of the students in his class studies very hard.（5）either 和 neither 的用法：either意思是“两个中间的任何一个”；neither是either的否定形式，意思是两个都不。neither和either在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语等，都用作单数 。如如 I dont care much for what to drink.Either of the two will do. /

15、 -Will you go there by bus or by car? Neither. I will go there by train.（6）other、 the other 和 another 的用法：other意思是另一、另一些，有复数形式。可作主语、宾语和定语。another意思是另外 又一个， 表示增加，在句中可作宾语和定语。如：Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking.another（另外的，再一，又一）与the other（另外的一个

16、）主要从数量上区分,只有两个时用the other,在原先 基础上增加用 another： This is one of your socks. Where is the other one? / I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another.others与the others的主要区别：others指 剩余的人/物（指大部分）；the others指 其余的人/物，（指 全部）。如： A few students are playing soccer while others are watching them.（7）many和much的用法：

17、many意思是很多，与可数名词复数连用；much意思是很多，与不可数名词连用。它们在句中可作 主语、宾语和定语等。如：I dont have many friends here. /Many died in the bus accident. / We can learn much with the help of him.（在他的帮助之下我们能学到很多）many和much 一般用于否定句，肯定句中通常用a lot of或者lots of; many / much用于肯定句时可以 在前面加上 so、very 或 too.如： There are a lot of people on the p

18、layground./ They havent got much work to do. / There are too many people in the room.（房间里人太多了。）（8）few、little、a few、a little 的用法：few、little意思是很少几个、几乎没有，有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是有几个、有些，有 肯定的意思；few、a few与可数名词连用或代替可数的事物,1 ittle、a little与不可数名词连用或代替 不可数的事物。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。如：He is very poor and he has littl

19、e money./ Dont worry. There is still a little time left./ In that polar region there live few people) / You can get a few sweets from him.(9) 复合不定代词 somebody something anything, nothing everything, everybody 等是由 some ,any ,no ,every,加上body, thing构成的，叫做复合不定代词，在句子中当单数使用。somebody, something, someone 一般

20、用于肯定句中；anything, anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句、否定句 和条件状语从句中。修饰复合不定代词的定语，应放在它们的后面。如：Hey,Lily. There is someone outside the door.(嗨,丽丽，门外有人。)/Di(每个人)d you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday?/He has nothing much to do today.(他今天没有多少事情做)(10) one与ones用来代替上文的一个或多个人或事物，前面可以加冠词、形容词、指示代词、which等。女如 Which

21、 jacket would you like, this one or that one? / I dont like the green ones.(11) so可以代替一件事情,作句子的宾语或表语。如：I dont think so. / He lost a book. So did I.(12) a lot of、lots of、a number of( /large numbers of)、a great deal of、plenty of 的区别：五个 名词+介词 短语都表示 大量，许多,a lot of(或lots of)既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复 数形式，可以相应

22、地换为much和many； plenty of足够、大量，既可以修饰不可数名词也可以 修饰可数名词的复数形式。a number of / large numbers of只可以修饰可数名词复数形式(它修 饰的词作主语时谓语用复数形式)可以换为some、many、a lot of、plenty of。a great deal of只 可以修饰不可数名词(它修饰的词作主语时谓语用单数形式)可以换为much。A lot of people think that time is money. / I dont have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty

23、 of time.(13) none、no one、nobody的区别：no one和nobody都表示 没有人，仅指人，后面不跟of短语，作主语时谓语用单数形式；none表示没有一个人/物，可指人也可以指物，后面可跟of短语,作主语 时谓语可用单数也可用复数。如：No one knows how he managed to get the ticket. / Nobody handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday. / None of my friends came to see me that day.相互代词：表示相互关系的词叫相互代词。e

24、ach other ,one another是相互代词，译成 互相，可以通用。each other表示两者之间，而one anther 表示许多人之间。它们有所有格形式each others ,one anothers。如： We must help each other when we are in trouble. / They sat there without talking to one another / each other.I. He cant hear you, because there isnoise here A. very much B. too much C. mu

25、ch too D. so many3. All of us were invited, butof us came A. neither B. none C. both5. There isntwater in the cup. A. any B. many C. some D. the7. The bottle is empty. There isin it. A. anything B. something C. nothing8. Look! We havesugar.Really? Lets go and buy some. A. few B. a few C. little D. a

26、 little9. There isntmilk in the fridge. Youd better buy some. A. no B. any C. some10. There isntwater here. Could you getfor me? All ringht.A. some; some B. any; any C. some; any D. any; someII. Todaytrees are still being cut down in the world.A. much too B. too much C. many too D. too many12. There

27、 are lots of English books here, andof them is easy to understand.A. both B. all C. every D. each15. These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me _one. A. other B. others C. the others D. another19. There are some trees onside of the street. A. both B. all C. either D. every21. They were all

28、very tired, but _of them would stop to take a rest. A. any B. some C. None D. neither23. of them has a dictionary andone of them can look up words in the dictionary.A. Each; every B. Every; each C. Each; each D. Every; every24 . Please keep together. We wantof you to get lost. A none B . some C . ma

29、ny D . any28. Be quiet! I haveto tell you.A. important anything B. anything important C. important something D. something important35. He foundvery interesting to ride a horse. A. this B. that C. it D. which36. Han Meimei, what aboutto eat? A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything38. Helpto

30、 some meat, Mary,my aunt said to me. A. themselves B. ourselves C. yourself D. himself疑问代词：用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词。1、who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever whatever whichever 主要用于特殊疑问句中，一般 放在句首。口语中也常用who代替whom作宾语，但在介词后则只能用whom。如：Who（m） did you invite to your birthday party? / What does she want to be when she gr

31、ows up?2、who和whom只能独立使用,who可以作句子的主语、表语或动词的宾语,whom只能作谓语动词的 宾语；而what、which、whose等既可以独立使用作主语、表语和宾语，也可以与名词构成疑问短语： Who is that man? / What colour are their hats?/ Which car was made in Germany?注意这个提问：The man in the car is my fatherWhich man is your father?3、which除了可以询问指代的情况之外,还可以针对说明人物的时间、地点、岁数、颜色、大小、状 况

32、等进行提问。如：People there live a very sad life.（那里的人生活凄惨）Which people live a sad life?4、疑问代词不分单复数，视它所替代的人或事物决定单复数，但是通常用单数H 口果修饰名词，则以名 词的单复数为准。如：Who is （are） in that playhouse?（谁在游戏房里？ ） / What is that?（那是什么？）/ What are those?（那些是什么？）/ What colours do they have?（它们有哪些颜色？）1- is standing there?-Mr Zhang. A.

33、 What B. WhomC. Who2. would you like to go shopping with? A. Which B. Whom C. WhatD. Where3. Excuse me, can you tell me_is the way to the post office? A. whose B. which C. howD. what4- - is your e-mail address（邮件地址）?-Its xinxin. A. WhoB. How C. What D. Which5- -does（do 第三人称单数）your brother do?-He is

34、a bus driver.A. Where B. Why C. What D. How6- -can I do for you?-I would like a cup of tea. A. What B. How C. Which D. Who7- - coat is more beautiful than yours?-Lilys. A. Which B. Whose C. Who D. What8- -is the matter?-I have a headache（头疼）.A. WhoB. WhatC. HowD. Which10. Please helpto some cakes, c

35、hildren. A. youB. yourself C. yourselves D. Your11. is she? Shes a nurse. A. Who B. Where C. Which D. What13. can always try to do a little better than best.A. One, you B. One, one C. One, hisD. One,ones14. One of the students hasn t prepared lessonsvery well.A. onesB.ones C. t heirD. his15. Everyon

36、e should be careful of pronunciation.A.t heirB.onesC.ourD.his16. Have you any books on cooking? Id like to borrow .A.itB.thatC.t hisD.oneeveryone n. 每个人 pron. 每人，人人1. In a small village， everyone knows everyone else. 2. Not everyone likes this book.3. Everyone should do his part. 4. After these dry

37、days， everyone hopes for rain.no one： pron.没有人（谁也不）1. No one knows outside two or three persons.除两三个人外谁也不知道。3. No one can remain youthful forever. 4. No one doubts her competence as a teacher出异none ad. 一点也不prep.没人，毫无pron.没有人，没有任何东西1. None of the money is mine.2. My car is none the worse for the accident. 3. The salary they pay me is none too high.