新编大学英语第二版外研社Book2Unit3Part2A

《新编大学英语第二版外研社Book2Unit3Part2A》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新编大学英语第二版外研社Book2Unit3Part2A（89页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、Part Two Reading-Centered Activities 1.In-Class Reading1.In-Class Reading2.After-Class Reading2.After-Class ReadingIn-Class ReadingBorn to WinPart Two:In-Class ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingPost-ReadingGlobal ReadingGlobal ReadingOrganization AnalysisOrganization AnalysisPre-Reading Activity

2、Pre-Reading Activity Part Two:In-Class Reading Global ReadingSummarySummaryPre-Reading Activity StatementsMy GuessThe Authors Opinion Each person has the potential to win in his own way.No.Yes.1)A winner is someone who defeats the other person by dominating and making him lose.2)Few people are winne

3、rs or losers all the time.Yes.No.To be continuedRead the following statements and guess whether the author would agree with them,then read the passage and recheck.There is one example for you.Part Two:In-Class Reading Global Reading StatementsMy GuessThe Authors Opinion3)Achievement is the most impo

4、rtant thing for a winner.4)Independence is one of the most important characteristics of a winner.5)A loser is afraid to try new things.6)A loser will receive more love from others.Yes.Yes.No.No.Part Two:In-Class Reading Global Reading Organization AnalysisCharacteristics of losers.Part I(Para.1)Intr

5、oductionEach person has the potential to win in his own way.Part II(Para.2-10)Comparison between winners and losers.MoreMore MoreMorePara.2:The meanings of“winner”and“loser”.Para.3:Few people are winners or losers all the time.Para.4-7:Characteristics of winners.Para.8:Possible causes of losers.Para

6、.9-10:MoreMore MoreMore MoreMoreTo be continuedPart Two:In-Class Reading Global ReadingPara.2:The meanings of“winner”and“loser”.A winner is one who responds genuinely by being trustworthy and responsive.A loser is one who fails to respond genuinely.Para.3:Few people are winners and losers all the ti

7、me.When a person has the capacity to be a winner,he will become successful more frequently.To be continuedPart Two:In-Class Reading Global ReadingPara.4-7:Characteristics of winners.A.A winner is genuine.(Para.4)B.A winner is not afraid to do his own things and to use his own knowledge.(Para.5)C.A w

8、inner is flexible.(Para.6)D.A winner has love for life.(Para.6)E.A winner cares about the world and its people.(Para.7)To be continuedPart Two:In-Class Reading Global ReadingPara.8:Possible causes of losers.Possible causes:poor nutrition,cruelty,unhappy relationships,disease,continuing disappointmen

9、t and inadequate physical care.Para.9-10:Characteristics of losers.A.A loser lacks an ability to appropriately express himself through a full range of possible behaviors.(Para.9)B.A loser has difficulty giving and receiving love.(Para.10)Part Two:In-Class Reading Global ReadingSummary Each human bei

10、ng has his own potential to win in his own way.When we refer to a person as a winner or a loser,we mainly mean whether he can respond genuinely or not.However,few people are winners or losers all the time.Winners have the following characteristics:being genuine,being not afraid to do his own thinkin

11、g and being able to use his knowledge,being flexible and caring about the world and its people.In contrast,a loser lacks capacity to appropriately express himself through a full range of possible behavior,and has difficulty giving and receiving love.That may be caused by poor nutrition,cruelty,unhap

12、py relationships,disease,continuing disappointments and inadequate physical care.Part Two:In-Class Reading Global ReadingDetailed ReadingDetailed ReadingPassage Reading Passage Reading Part Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading Pair WorkPair WorkGroup DiscussionGroup DiscussionWord StudyWord StudyUn

13、derstanding SentencesUnderstanding SentencesYou cannot teach a man anything.You can only help him discover it within himself.GalileoBorn to WinPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading Each human being is born as something unique,something that never existed before.1 Each person is born with what h

14、e needs to win at life.A normal person can see,hear,touch,taste,and think for himself.Each has his own unique potentialshis capabilities and limitations.2 Each can be an important,thinking,aware,and creatively productive person in his own righta winner.The words“winner”and“loser”have many meanings.W

15、hen we refer to a person as a winner,we do not mean one who defeats the other person by dominating and making him lose.Instead a winner is one who responds genuinely by being trustworthy and responsive,both as an individual and as a member of a society.A loser is one who fails to respond genuinely.P

16、art Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading Few people are winners or losers all the time.Its a matter of degree.3 However,once a person has the capacity to be a winner,his chances are greater for becoming even more so.Achievement is not the most important thing for winners;genuineness is.The genuine

17、person realizes his own uniqueness and appreciates the uniqueness of others.A winner is not afraid to do his own thinking and to use his own knowledge.He can separate facts from opinion and doesnt pretend to have all the answers.4 He listens to others,evaluates what they say,but comes to his own con

18、clusions.Part Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading A winner is flexible.He does not have to respond in known,rigid ways.He can change his plans when the situation calls for it.A winner has a love for life.He enjoys work,play,food,other people,and the world of nature.Without guilt he enjoys his own

19、accomplishments.Without envy he enjoys the accomplishments of others.A winner cares about the world and its people.He is not separated from the general problems of society.He tries to improve the quality of life.Even in the face of national and international difficulty,he does not see himself as hel

20、pless.He does what he can to make the world a better place.Part Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading 5 Although people are born to win,they are also born totally dependent on their environment.Winners successfully make the change from dependence to independence.Losers do not.Somewhere along the lin

21、e losers begin to avoid becoming independent.This usually begins in childhood.6 Poor nutrition,cruelty,unhappy relationships,disease,continuing disappointments,and inadequate physical care are among the many experiences that contribute to making people losers.7A loser is held back by his low capacit

22、y to appropriately express himself through a full range of possible behavior.8 He may be unaware of other choices for his life if the path he chooses goes nowhere.Part Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading He is afraid to try new things.He repeats not only his own mistakes and often repeats those of

23、 his family and culture.9A loser has difficulty giving and receiving love.He does not enter into close,honest,direct relationships with others.Instead,he tries to manipulate them into living up to his expectations and channels his energies into living up to their expectations.Part Two:In-Class Readi

24、ng Detailed Reading Understanding Sentences 1.Each person is born with what he needs to win at life.TranslationComments每个人天生具有要在生活中赢得成功的能力。每个人天生具有要在生活中赢得成功的能力。In“at life”,“at”means“in the activity or field of”,such as in“skilled at playing chess”or“good at math”,etc.We also say one is skilled at ten

25、nis,golf,etc.By extension we then say that the person wins at chess,tennis,etc.Thus,in the sentence“Each person is born with what he needs to win at life”,life is being compared to a game.The whole sentence means that we all are born with skills needed to win at the game of life.To be continuedPart

26、Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading Understanding Sentences Examples1.Barbaras getting on really well at her new job.2.Im not good at mathematics.Back to the TextBack to the TextPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading Understanding Sentences 2.Each can be an important,thinking,aware,and creativ

27、ely productive person in his own righta winner.Translation每个人都能凭自己的本事成为举足轻重、会思考、每个人都能凭自己的本事成为举足轻重、会思考、明事理、创造性成果颇多的人明事理、创造性成果颇多的人一个成功的人。一个成功的人。CommentsThe phrase“in ones own right”is used to say that a person has something or achieves something on his own without depending on other people（凭本身的权利或能力、实

28、力、资格等）（凭本身的权利或能力、实力、资格等）.To be continuedPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading Examples1.Although he was the son of a famous football coach,he soon became famous in his own right.Back to the TextBack to the Text2.Bill Gates is a very wealthy man in his own right.Understanding Sentences Part Two:

29、In-Class Reading Detailed Reading Understanding Sentences 3.However,once a person has the capacity to be a winner,his chances are greater for becoming even more so.ParaphraseHowever,once a person has developed both the skills and the attitude to become a winner(i.e.the capacity to be a winner),he wi

30、ll very likely become even a more frequent winner.Translation然而，当一个人一旦具备了成为成功者的能力时，然而，当一个人一旦具备了成为成功者的能力时，（他）经常获得成功的可能性就会更大。（他）经常获得成功的可能性就会更大。To be continuedPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading CommentsHere,the word“chance”means“possibility”.The adverb“so”is used to refer back to an idea,action

31、,quality,situation etc.that has just mentioned.Here,“so”refers to“a winner”.Therefore,“becoming even more so”in this sentence means“becoming even a more frequent winner”.1.The band is popular and likely to become more so.2.Jerry is very honest,perhaps too much so.ExamplesTo be continuedUnderstanding

32、 Sentences Part Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading 3.She has a good chance of a successful recovery.4.There is little chance of her being found alive.5.The day will be cloudy with a slight chance of rain later tonight.6.He gave the show a fifty-fifty chance of survival.7.It was a million to one c

33、hance,but it had happened.8.The operation is performed under local anesthetic,which lessens the chances of infection.9.How can we improve our chances of career development?ExamplesBack to the TextBack to the TextPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading 4.He listens to others,evaluates what they sa

34、y,but comes to his own conclusions.他倾听他人、评价他们说的话，却能得出自己的他倾听他人、评价他们说的话，却能得出自己的结论。结论。TranslationNotice the parallel structure in which a series of verbs are used.Besides,pay attention to the collocation“come to a conclusion”.CommentsTo be continuedUnderstanding Sentences Part Two:In-Class Reading Deta

35、iled Reading 1.It is still too early to reach a conclusion on this point.2.There are perhaps two main conclusions to be drawn from the above discussion.3.All the evidence pointed to/led to/supported the conclusion that he was guilty.4.Its important not to jump to conclusions.(decide something too qu

36、ickly,without knowing all the facts)5.The police came to the inescapable conclusion that the children had been murdered.(the conclusion that you must come to)ExamplesBack to the TextBack to the TextPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading 5.Although people are born to win,they are also born totall

37、y dependent on their environment.即使人们生来注定会成功，但也是生来就要完全依赖即使人们生来注定会成功，但也是生来就要完全依赖于周围环境的。于周围环境的。Here“totally dependent”is a subject complement(主语补足语主语补足语).1.The window was paint blue.2.The truck was found abandoned on Highway 63.ExamplesTranslationCommentsBack to the TextBack to the TextUnderstanding S

38、entences Part Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading 6.Poor nutrition,cruelty,unhappy relationships,disease,continuing disappointments,and inadequate physical care are among the many experiences that contribute to making people losers.营养不良、非人道待遇、不愉快的人际关系、疾病、营养不良、非人道待遇、不愉快的人际关系、疾病、长期的失望、以及身体护理不足等经历都会促

39、使人们长期的失望、以及身体护理不足等经历都会促使人们成为失败者。成为失败者。The attributive clause“that contribute to making”modifies the noun“experiences”.The word“to”in the phrase“contribute to”is a preposition,so it should be followed by either a noun or a gerund.TranslationCommentsTo be continuedUnderstanding Sentences Part Two:In-C

40、lass Reading Detailed Reading 1.Alcohol contributes to 100,000 deaths a year in the US.2.Her work has contributed enormously/greatly/significantly/substantially to our understanding of this difficult subject.3.Everyone on the team contributed to winning the game.ExamplesBack to the TextBack to the T

41、extPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading 7.A loser is held back by his low capacity to appropriately express himself through a full range of possible behavior.A loser is prevented from succeeding by his inability to let people know his thoughts and feelings in different situations.失败者不善于通过一系列可能

42、采取的作为来恰当地展失败者不善于通过一系列可能采取的作为来恰当地展现自己，这阻碍了他获得成功。现自己，这阻碍了他获得成功。The phrase“hold back”means“prevent someone from improving or developing(阻碍，阻碍，抑制抑制)”.The phrase“a range of”means“a variety of things of a particular type”.TranslationCommentsParaphraseTo be continuedUnderstanding Sentences Part Two:In-Clas

43、s Reading Detailed Reading 1.They felt the economy was being held back by excessive government controls.2.Do you think that mixed-ability classes hold back the better students?3.The hotel offers a wide range of facilities and services.4.There is a full range of activities for children.ExamplesBack t

44、o the TextBack to the TextPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading 8.He may be unaware of other choices for his life if the path he chooses goes nowhere.如果他所选择的生活道路毫无前途的话，他可能不如果他所选择的生活道路毫无前途的话，他可能不知道对自己的生活还可以有其他的选择。知道对自己的生活还可以有其他的选择。The expression“go/get nowhere”means“make no progress or have no s

45、uccess”.Another similar expression“get sb.nowhere”means“make sb.fail to achieve success or to make progress”.1.We discussed it all morning but got nowhere.2.The proposal went nowhere in the Senate.3.Talking to him will get you nowhere.4.I soon realized that being tough was getting me nowhere.Transla

46、tionCommentsExamplesBack to the TextBack to the TextUnderstanding Sentences Part Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading 9.A loser has difficulty giving and receiving love.一个失败者很难去爱别人，也很难得到别人的爱。一个失败者很难去爱别人，也很难得到别人的爱。Notice the phrase“have/experience difficulty(in)doing something”.Other similar express

47、ions are as follows:have a good(hard/great/lovely etc.)time doing something There is no point in doing something.Its no use doing something.Its no fun doing something.Its no good doing something.TranslationCommentsTo be continuedUnderstanding Sentences Part Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading 1.Th

48、ey had great difficulty in finding a replacement.2.Its no use crying over spilt milk.3.Its no fun eating on your own.4.Its no good telling himhe wont listen.5.There is no point in getting angry.ExamplesBack to the TextBack to the TextPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading Word Studyborn v.be bor

49、n of/into/to sth.be born in a particular situation,type of family etc.出生于出生于He was born of German parents.他出生在德国血统家庭。他出生在德国血统家庭。One-third of all children are born into single-parent families.be born with sth.have a particular disease,type of character since birth 天生具有天生具有 To be continuedPart Two:In-

50、Class Reading Detailed Reading Jenny was born with a small hole in her heart.Each person is born with what he needs to win at life.每个人天生具有在生活中成功的能力。每个人天生具有在生活中成功的能力。adj.having a specific natural quality or ability 天生的天生的a born leader/athlete 天生的领导者天生的领导者/运动员运动员Back to the TextBack to the Textbe born

51、 with a silver spoon in ones mouth(=be born into a rich family)生在富贵人家生在富贵人家Part Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading Word Studycapability n.Cthe natural ability,skill,or power that makes a machine,person,or organization able to do something,especially something difficult 能力，才能，性能能力，才能，性能Does the co

52、mpany have the capability to change to meet market needs?Animals in the zoo have lost the capability of catching food for themselves.I can speak French,but simultaneous translation is beyond my capabilities.Back to the TextBack to the TextPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading limitation n.Word

53、Study1.shortcoming or defect 局限，缺陷，弱点局限，缺陷，弱点He knows his capabilities and limitations.Despite the limitations of the survey,it did suggest some general trends.To be continued2.the condition,fact or circumstance that limits 限制因素限制因素There are also technical limitations.The government imposed limitati

54、ons on exports.Part Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading To be continued3.act of limiting or the state of being limited 限制，限度限制，限度Both sides have agreed to sign the nuclear limitation treaty.People are calling for the limitation on the free speech for Nazis.人们呼吁对支持纳粹的言论自由加人们呼吁对支持纳粹的言论自由加以限制。以限制。Par

55、t Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading limitcf.1.point,line beyond which something cant proceed 界界限，限度限，限度The public is not allowed within a 2-mile limit of the missile site.He had not been outside the limits of the prison walls for 20 years.2.amount,number or speed that is allowed 限额限额His blood al

56、cohol level was 50%above the legal limit.There is no age limit for applicants.Back to the TextBack to the TextPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading refer to sb./sth.(as sth.)Word Studyto mention or speak about sb./sth.提到提到、说到或涉及到某说到或涉及到某人某事物人某事物 I promised not to refer to the matter again.Altho

57、ugh she didnt mention any names,everyone knew who she was referring to.The hospital now refers to patients by name,not case number.She always referred to Ben as“that nice man”.To be continuedPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading refer to sb./sth.cf.to look at sth.or ask a person for information

58、 向向查询信息查询信息You may refer to your notes if you want.You should refer to an expert.refer sb./sth.to sb./sth.to send sb./sth.to sb./sth.for help,advice or a decision 将将送交送交以求帮助以求帮助、指点指点、行动支持等行动支持等My doctor referred me to a specialist.My complaint was referred to the manufacturers.Back to the TextBack t

59、o the TextPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading dominate v.Word Study1.have or exercise control or power over 统治，控制，统治，控制，支配支配He thinks that his country wants to dominate Europe.Shes very nice,but she does tend to dominate the conversation.2.have the most important place in 在在中占首要地位中占首要地位The di

60、scussion was dominated by the issue of unemployment.Education issues dominated the election campaign.Back to the TextBack to the TextPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading capacity n.1.C,U the ability to understand or to do something 能力，能力，才能才能 His capacity for learning languages astonished me.L

61、imited resources are restricting our capacity for developing new products.He has the capacity to think in an original way.Word StudyTo be continuedPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading 2.the amount that something can hold or contain 容量，容容量，容积积；容纳力容纳力The room has the seating capacity for about 8

62、0.All the hotels were filled to capacity(=completely full).3.the amount of something that a factory,company,machine,etc.can produce or deal with 产量，生产力产量，生产力 All factories are working at full capacity.The company has the capacity to build 1,500 trucks a year.To be continuedPart Two:In-Class Reading

63、Detailed Reading I attended the meeting in my capacity as chairman of the safety committee.4.singular someones job,position or duty 职位，身份职位，身份Back to the TextBack to the TextRollins will be working in an advisory capacity on this project.Part Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading appreciate v.Word S

64、tudy1.(not used in the progressive tenses)to recognize the good qualities of sb./sth.欣赏，赏识欣赏，赏识His talents are not fully appreciated in that company.Im not an expert,but I appreciate fine works of art.2.to thank someone or be grateful for something they have done 感激，感谢感激，感谢I would appreciate it if y

65、ou would accept my request.We would appreciate you letting us know of any problems.To be continuedPart Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading 3.(not used in the progressive tenses)to understand or realize how serious a situation or problem is or what someones feelings are 意识到，懂得意识到，懂得I dont think you

66、 appreciate how expensive it will be.We didnt fully appreciate that he was seriously ill.Back to the TextBack to the TextHe didnt fully appreciate the significance of signing the contract.Part Two:In-Class Reading Detailed Reading in a way Word StudyThe word“way”means the manner or style in which someone does something or in which something happens.Other phrases with the same meaning are as follows:in a manner,in a fashion(以以方式方式).Maria got up and took a shower in a leisurely way.I had hoped you