高中英语必修2(北师大版)Unit6Design知识点总结

《高中英语必修2(北师大版)Unit6Design知识点总结》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语必修2(北师大版)Unit6Design知识点总结（9页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、高中英语必修2（北师大版）Unit 6 Design知识点总结一、重点词汇 词义辨析：ruin/destroy/damage 都有“破坏”的意思，程度和用法有不同。ruin侧重彻底的毁坏，通常指由自然现象、疏忽等造成的破坏。destroy通常指无法修护的损坏。damage部分的损坏，可以修复。 He ruined his prospects by carelessness. 他因粗心大意断送了前途。 The fire destroyed the building. 大火毁灭了大楼。 Smoking will damage your health.抽烟会损害你的健康。 purpose n. 目的

2、，意图 1. on purpose：故意地 2. with the purpose of：带着的目的 She sometimes does things on purpose just to annoy me. 她有时存心做些事来使我生气。He returned to his homeland with the purpose of serving his own people. 他返回祖国，意在为祖国人民服务。 conclusion n. 结尾，结论 1. in conclusion：总而言之，最后 2. draw a conclusion/conclusions：得出结论 In concl

3、usion, I would like to say that you did it very well. 总之，我想说你做得很好。It took us a long time to draw a conclusion that the man was innocent. 我们花了很长时间得出结论这个人是清白的。 fix ones eyes on：注视，凝视 Fix your eyes on the road and we will be much safer. 眼睛盯住公路，这样我们就更安全些。 sort of：有点儿，有几分地（=kind of） I feel sort of surpri

4、sed at his reason for being absent. 我对他未出席的原因感到有些吃惊。拓展： 1. a sort of： 一种2. all sorts of ：各种各样的 date back (to) ：追溯到 My family has a vase, which is said to date back to Ming Dynasty. 我家有一个花瓶，据说可追溯到明朝。（date back to 通常加某一个过去的时间点）拓展： date back to =date from（追溯到）The Forbidden City can date back to / from

5、the 14th century.故宫可以追溯到14世纪。 relate to：和有关 All the papers that relate to this subject are written by him. 有关这个问题的所有论文都是他撰写的。拓展： 1. relate sth. to sth. ：将与联系起来2. be related to sth. ：与有关 try out： 试用，实验 Im always pleased to try out a new variety. 我一直乐于尝试新产品。拓展：try短语 1. try on：试穿2. try ones best to do

6、sth.： 努力做某事3. try to do sth. ：尽力做某事，试图做某事4. try doing sth. ：试着做某事 hold ones breath：屏住气，屏息凝气 We held our breath in excitement. 我们激动地屏息凝神。拓展： 1. take a deep breath ：深呼吸2. take ones breath away：使某人大吃一惊 阅读必备词汇 abstract adj. 抽象的 straight adj. 直的adv. 直接地 wavy adj. 波状的 imagination n. 想象，想象力exhibition n. 展览

7、，陈列sweat n. 汗水creature n. 动物，（有特质或特性的）人valuable adj. 有价值的，贵重的typical adj. 典型的elegantly adv. 优雅地emphasise/emphasize v. 强调shallow adj. 浅的feature n. 特征，特色skyscraper n. 摩天大楼angel n. 天使，天使般的人dynasty n. 王朝religious adj. 宗教的pattern n. 样式，图案character n. 字母；人物；性格；特征rent n. 出租，租金mercy n. 怜悯，同情damp adj. 潮湿的，有湿

8、气的bathe vi.洗澡二、重点句型 Its black eyes, which are fixed on the cabbage, show the creatures interest in thevegetable. 解析：本句主干为：Its back eyes show the creatures interest in the vegetable；which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰black eyes，是对被修饰词的补充说明。非限制性定语从句通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。如： Her house, which was built a hundred ye

9、ars ago, stood still in the earthquake. 那座房子在地震中依然耸立，它是一百多年前建造的。翻译：它的黑眼睛正盯着白菜，显示出对白菜极大的兴趣。 Qi Baishis style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them usetheir imagination. 解析：本句为and连接的并列句，主语为：Qi Baishis style of painting，前一句中guessing 对宾语the audience 进行补充说明，是宾语补足语，后一句中use their im

10、agination 对宾语them 进行补充说明，做宾语补足语。翻译：齐白石的绘画方式常给观赏者留出运用想象力解读其内涵的余地。拓展： 1.leave的宾补结构为：leave +宾语+v-ing/v-ed/adj./n./prep.，意为：让某人/某物处于某一状态 2. make的宾补结构为：make+宾语+v./v-ing/v-ed/adj./n.，意为：让某人做某事，或让某人/某物处于某一状态。 A Young farmer who wanted a wife would look at a young womans paper-cuttingskills before marrying

11、her! explained Mr. Chen, laughing at the look ofsurprise onmy face. 解析：句中直接引语部分who引导定语从句，修饰a young farmer，引导词who 在定语从句中做主语。laughing atthe look of surprise on my face 为现在分词做伴随状语，与句子主语Mr. Chen 含有逻辑上的主动关系。翻译：看着我脸上的惊异表清，陈先生笑着说：“年轻农夫会一句年轻女子的剪纸艺术来挑选自己的新娘！” But what I remembered most is moving a lot. 解析：本句

12、中what 引导主语从句，做句子的主语，谓语动词为系动词is，动名词moving a lot 做表语。翻译：但我记的最深的就是搬了很多次家。拓展：what 在英语中可以引导名词性从句，起名词的作用。这些从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。 1. 主语从句， 表示“的人或事”。 What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. 他在会上说的话令每个与会者震惊。 2. 宾语从句（用作动词或介词的宾语） When you answer questions in a job interview，please rememb

13、er the golden rule：Always give the monkey exactlywhat he wants. 求职面试时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。 3. 表语从句 Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats what it takes to do anything well. 坚定不移是一种品质能使人做好任何事情。 4. 同位语从句（用在idea, message等名词后） I have no idea what we should do next. 我不知道下一步我们该干什么。 The house on M

14、ango Street is ours, and we dont have to pay rent to anybody, or sharethe yard with the people downstairs, or be careful not to make too much noise, andworried about the landlord being angry. 解析：本句中第一个and连接并列句，第二个分句中两个or 连接三个并列成分，表示否定意义。第二个and 连接并列成分be careful和(be) worried about。the landlord being a

15、ngry 为动名词的复合结构，做介词about 的宾语。翻译：芒果街的房子是我们自己的，我们不必给任何人交房租，不用和楼下的住户公用院子，不用小心翼翼地不大声喧哗，也不用担心房东生气。拓展：动名词的复合结构可以做主语、宾语或表语，一般有四种形式： 1. 形容词性物主代词动名词 Your going there will help a lot. 你到那里去将能帮上大忙。 2. 名词所有格动名词 We are looking forward to the experts coming to give a speech to us. 我们正盼望着那位专家来给我们演讲。 3. 代词宾格动名词 Do y

16、ou mind me opening the door? 您介意我把门打开吗？ 4. 名词动名词 Can you hear the noise of the machine running? 你能听到机器运转的噪音吗？ Our house would be white with trees around it, a great big yard and grass growingwithout a fence. 解析：本句中有两处with复合结构，分别是：with trees around it 和(with) grass growing。a great big yard 前省略了with，意

17、为：带有，without a fence 意为：没有栅栏，修饰grass。翻译：我们的房子将是由绿树环绕的白房子，有个很大的院子，还有长势茂盛没有栅栏的草坪。拓展：with复合结构，在句中可作伴随、方式、原因状语等。形式主要有： 1. with +宾语+介词短语 The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 2. with+ 宾语+ 过去分词 Without anything left in the cupboard, she went out to get something to eat. 3. with +宾语+ 现

18、在分词 She fell asleep with the light burning. 4. with+宾语+形容词 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold. 5. with +宾语+副词 With the meal over, we all went home. 6. with+宾语+动词不定式 He could not finish it without me to help him. This was the house Papa talked about when he dreamed of being rich

19、 and this was thehouse Mama dreamed up in the stories she told us before we went to bed. 解析：本句为and连接的并列句，前一句主干为：This was the house；Papa talked about when he dreamed ofbeing rich 为省略引导词的定语从句，同时定语从句中又包含了when 引导的时间状语从句。后一句主干为：this wasthe house；Mama dreamed up in the stories she told us before we went t

20、o bed 为省略引导词的定语从句，同时定语从句中又包含了一个定语从句，即she told us when we went to bed，这个定语从句中含有when 引导的时间状语从句。翻译：这是爸爸梦想富有时所谈到的房子，也是妈妈在睡觉前给我们讲的故事中所梦想的房子。 But the house on Mango Street is not the way they described it at all. 解析：本句主干为：But the house is not the way；they described it at all 为定语从句，修饰the way。 翻译：但是芒果街的房子完全

21、不像他们描述的那样。拓展：当先行词the way在定语从句中做状语，表示“用样的方式时”，引导词有三种形式，分别为：that/in which/省略。 This is the way (in which/that) he studies English. 这就是他学英语的方式。 She admired the way (in which/that) I answered the questions. 她欣赏我回答问题的方式。 注意下面的句子： I was impressed by the way she told us. 她告诉我们的方法让我印象深刻。（the way在定语从句中做宾语，引导词

22、用that/which或省略） Its small and red with windows so small that youd think they were holding their breath.解析：本句含有sothat 引导的结果状语从句，意为：如此以至于，主句为：Its small and red with windowssmall，采用了with 复合结构。翻译：房子很小，是红色的，前面是窄窄的楼梯，窗子小得让你觉得它们在屏住呼吸。 Out back is a small garage for the car we dont own yet and a small yard

23、that lookssmaller between the two buildings on either side. 解析：本句是一个倒装句，out back 为句子的表语，谓语为is，并列主语为：a small garage和a small yard。wedont own yet 和that looks smaller between the two buildings on either side 为定语从句，分别修饰：the car 和asmall yard。翻译：出门往后院走有一间小车库，但现在我们还没有车。还有一个小院子，夹在两边的高楼中显得更小。拓展：当句首为表示方位或方式等的副

24、词或介词短语时，句子全部倒装，这样的表达是为了使语言更生动。常见的这些词有：here, there, then, up ,down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall, south, north, east, west,opposite等。其结构为：地点方位词+动词+主语，若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。 Just in front of the bus lies an injured man, all covered with blood. 车前躺着一个受伤的人，全身是血。Away went the cro

25、wd one by one.人们一个一个走了。三、重点语法 定语从句（1）：关系代词引导的定语从句 本单元学习关系代词引导的定语从句，我们通过下面几个句子，掌握其基本用法： 1. We need comrades _can help us. 2. The man _you saw yesterdaywas a doctor from Beijing. 3. This is a story about a heroine_nameis Liu Hu-lan. 4. This is our classroom，_windows face the south. 5. Here is a book _

26、will give a lot of useful knowledge. 6. This is the song_we like best.以上几个句子，我们分析如下： 1. 把comrade 代入从句还原为comradescan help us。comrades 在从句中作主语，用that/who 代替。 2. 把the man 代入从句还原为you sawthe manyesterday。the man 在从句中作宾语，用that/whom 代替，可以省略。 3. 把heroine 代入从句还原为a heroinesname。name 与heroine 表示所属关系用whose。 4. 把

27、classroom 代入从句还原为our classroomswindows，两者表示所属关系用whose。 5. 把book 代入从句还原为the bookwill give a lot of useful knowledge。the book 在从句中作主语，用that/which。 6. 把the song 代入从句还原为we likethe songbest。the song 在从句中作宾语，用that/which，可以省略。 总结： 定语从句学习的根本是选对或填对关系词（引导词）。我们选择关系词要采用还原法，即把先行词（被修饰名词）代入从句，看其在从句中的成分，然后用相应关系词代替。所以，同学们一定要清楚每个关系词的作用：先行词关系代词从句中所充当的成分人who/that主宾表人whom宾物Which主宾表人/物that主宾表人/物as主宾表人/物whose定语（表所属关系）高考不提分，赔付1万元，关注快乐学了解详情。