高二下模块七Unit

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1、高二下模块七Unit 1：导学案（Word power） 邵素珍 Word power Teaching aims: students are expected to learn some words related to electrical and electronic goods and how they are used Teaching important and difficult language points: enlarge their words and let them know the devices are used In different ways in our

2、daily life1. function (P7)n. C the natural purpose (of sth.) or the duty (of a person): 功能,作用The function of the veins is to carry blood to the heart.Im not quite sure what my function is within the company.A thermostat performs the function of controlling temperature. n. U 功能Its a disease which aff

3、ects the function of the nervous system (= the way in which it works or operates).Studies suggest that regular intake of the vitamin significantly improves brain function.v. I to work or operate: 起作用Youll soon learn how the office functions.The television was functioning normally until yesterday.Im

4、so tired today, I can barely function.2. ones (P7, P8)one的复数形式为ones,作替代词时,只可替代同一类人或事物的复数名词,其前面必须有限定词,如the, some, all等修饰.但不能用数词或many修饰.例如:Mr. Zhang gave the textbooks to the pupils except the ones who had already taken them.(句中the ones可用those替代)(MET92)I dont want to buy these small pears; I want some

5、 large ones.that用来替代前面提到的特指的事物, 所代替的名词可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词。代替可数名词可以用the one替换。但其前面不可用任何限定词修饰。例如:The population of China is larger than that of Japan.(that代替不可数名词population,不可用the one替换)The headteacher in your class is younger and more active than that in theirs. (that代替可数名词headteacher,可用the one替换)高考链接1

6、. My most famous relative of all, _ who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great-grandfather. (2006 江苏)A. oneB. the oneC. heD. someone2. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have . (1995全国)A. it B. those C. them D. one 3. -Why dont we take a little break?-Didnt we just

7、have _? (2000 全国)Ait Bthat Cone Dthis4. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _I will always treasure. (2002全国)A. thatB. one C. it D. what答案与解析:1. B. 特指前面提到过的my most famous relative of all.2. D. one 指数量a glass, 一个杯子。3. C. one 表泛指, 相当于a break。我们不是刚刚休息过吗?4. B. one 是同位语, 代

8、前面的moment.动词的分类练习 邵素珍v动词的分类1实义动词意义完整，能独立作谓语，可分为及物动词与不及物动词。1)及物动词要求跟宾语，可用被动结构。I(参观北京)lastsummer.Please(讨论这个问题)afterclass.Ourschool(成立于)fiveyearsago.Canyou(借我一本词典吗)？We(叫她)Lily.She(喜欢集邮).2)不及物动词自身意思完整不需要宾语。Everything(生长)veryquickly.Abigfire(发生)lastnightinthatcity.Birdsoften（飞行）inthesky.Dont(担心我).3)短语动词

9、相当于实义动词。SoonWudongupwithLiLei,theywereneckandneck.A.taughtB.caughtC.boughtD.broughtJackalwaysrunsfasterthanPeter,butthistimehehim.A.wentoverB.fellbehindC.putoffD.droppedoff-Look!Thebusiscoming.-Buttherearetoomanypeople,wecantit.A.getoffB.getdownC.getonD.getupImHelen.Haveyouseenher?A.lookingupB.looki

10、ngafterC.lookingatD.lookingforTheradioistoonoisy.Wouldyouliketo?A.turnitonB.turnitoverC.turnitupD.turnitdownWeshouldeveryminutetoimproveourselves.A.makeupB.makeuseofC.makeofD.makeupof4)易混淆的及物动词与不及物动词。Iwasabouttogooutwhensomebody(敲门).He(身亡)inthetrafficaccident.Mary（与.结婚）Johnnextweek.Thestudentspreten

11、dedtobereadingwhentheteacher(enter)theclassroom.Thetrain(arrive)thestationlate.LeiFengalways(为.服务)thepeopleheartandsoul.Greatchanges(takeplace)inmyhometownintheseyears.Goahead,please!Thereisnoneedto(等我)及物动词与不及物动词测试题 邵素珍1、HereachedParisthedaybeforeyesterday.2、Pleasehandmethebookoverthere.3、Theyaskedm

12、etogofishingwiththem.4、ThisistheroomwhereIoncelived.5、wesawthemountainwhenthecloudslifted6、Heliftedhisglassanddrank7、HeboughtanEnglishdictionary.8、Shetaughtusmaths.9、Shecamelastweek.10、Hewaitedforherattheschoolgate.11、Icantstartthecar.12、Thefilmstartedateight.13、Shechangedherclothes.14、Inautumnthele

13、aveschangefromgreentobrown.15、Hesreadingamagazine.16、Heislookingaround.17、ShallIbeginatonce?18、Shebeganworkingasalibrarianaftersheleftschool.19、WhendidtheyleaveChicago?20、Theyleftlastweek.21、Theystoppedtotakeashortrest22、Birdsfly23、Washyourhandsbeforemeals. 24、Doesthisclothwashwell?25、Wearrivedatthe

14、railwaystationatnoon.26、Itisraininghard.27、Classbeganathalfpastseven.28、Whathappenedyesterday?29、Theyalwayswantacupofteaafterlunch.30、Heissendingaletternow.31、Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceedinpassingtheexam。32、Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceedJohnasthemanagerofthiscompany。33、Myheadaches.34、Everyonelovesbeau

15、ty.35、Thedooropened.36、Someoneopenedthedoor.37、JackrunsfasterthanMike.38、Pleaselookattheblackboardandlistentome.39、Whoisgoingtospeakatthemeeting?40、FewpeopleoutsideChinaspeakChinese.41、Servethepeople.模块七第一单元语法及物动词和不及物动词 Learning aims: students are expected to learn some transitive and intransitive w

16、ords Teaching important and difficult language points: enlarge their words and let them know more ransitive and intransitive phrases 只要是动词都有这么分的，标注vt的是及物动词，标注vi的是不及物动词。不及物动词没有被动态。 动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（transitive verb）、不及物动词（intransitive verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 英语动词是句子的核心。它既决定着句子意思的表达同时又决定着句子的语

17、法结构。首先，要分清及物不及物动词。动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：a 主要用作及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语。可用于：主谓宾；主谓双宾；主谓宾宾补结构。如：he reached paris the day before yesterday.they asked me to go fishing with them.类似的还有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise,raise, find, forget,receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, selec

18、t,suppose, show, make, take, tell.1、及物动词是必须带宾语的动词，可分为如下两类。1) 及物动词宾语例：I love my home. 我爱我家。He bought an English dictionary. 他买了一本英语词典。2) 及物动词间接宾语直接宾语例：She taught us maths. 她教我们数学。My mother gave me a new pen. 母亲给了我一支新钢笔。提示：常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有：give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show,read, pay,

19、 make,offer, build, pass, bring, cook等。b主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用与：主谓结构。this is the room where i once lived.类似的还有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist,rise, arrive, sit,sail, hurry, fail, succeedappear getfeelkeep makeproveremain restriseseem standstayturn turn out, wait, c

20、ry, smile,laugh, stop, rain, snow2、 不及物动词不及物动词不需要跟宾语，本身意义完整。例：She came last week. 她上周来的。 It is raining hard. 正下着大雨。 Class began at half past seven. 7点半开始上课。 What happened yesterday? 昨天发生了什么事？c既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。如begin 都是作开始讲。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game.类似的还有：start, answe

21、r, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare,pay, hurt, improve.d既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的消散。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted.lift作及物动词时是升高；举起。he lifted his glass and drank.3、同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如：She can dance and sing. 她能唱

22、歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。） She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。）类似的还有：beat vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打; grow vi.生长 vt. 种植 play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味） vt. 嗅 ring vi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话 speak vi.讲话 vt. 说（语言） hang vi. 悬挂 vt. 绞死 operate vi.动手术 vt. 操作根据其后是否带宾语，动词可分为及物动词（带宾语）和不及物动词（不带宾语）。如：When w

23、ill he arrive? 他什么时候到？（arrive 不带宾语，为不及物动词）He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。（reach 带了宾语，为及物动词）有的动词既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词：The child is playing. 这小孩在玩。（不及物用法）The child is playing the piano. 这小孩在弹钢琴。（及物用法）He is writing. 他在写字。（不及物用法）He is writing a letter. 他在写信。（及物用法）The boy is reading. 这男孩在阅读。（不及物用法）The

24、 boy is reading a magazine. 这男孩在看杂志。（及物用法）20个常见的不及物动词短语1.break down (stop functioning 坏了，不好使了)that old jeep had a tendency to break down just when i needed it the most.2.catch on (become popular 出名)popular songs seem to catch on in california first and then spread eastward.3. come back ( return to a

25、 place 返回)father promised that we would never come back to this horrible place.4. come in ( enter进入)they tried to come in through the back door, but it was locked.e to ( regain consciousness恢复意识) he was hit on the head very hard, but after several minutes, he started to come to again.e over (to visi

26、t访问) the children promised to come over, but they never do.7.drop by (visit without appointment 顺便拜访)we used to just drop by, but they were never home, so we stopped doing that.8.eat out (dine in a restaurant 外出吃饭)when we visited paris, we loved eating out in the sidewalk cafes.9. get by ( survive凑合

27、，过得去)uncle heine didnt have much money, but he always seemed to get by without borrowing money from relatives.10.get up ( arise起床) grandmother tried to get up, but the couch was too low, and she couldnt make it on her own.11. go back ( return to a place 回到)its hard to imagine that we will ever go ba

28、ck to lithuania.12.go on ( continue继续 )he would finish one dickens novel and then just go on to the next.13. go on (2) ( happen发生 )the cops heard all the noise and stopped to see what was going on.14. grow up ( get older变老 )charles grew up to be a lot like his father.15.keep away ( remain at a dista

29、nce保持距离 )the judge warned the stalker to keep away from his victims home.16. keep on (+动名称) ( continue with the same继续保持)he tried to keep on singing long after his voice was ruined.17. pass out ( lose consciousness, faint昏过去，晕)he had drunk too much; he passed out on the sidewalk outside the bar.18.

30、show off ( demonstrate haughtily 炫耀)whenever he sat down at the piano, we knew he was going to show off.19. show up( arrive到达，出现)day after day, efrain showed up for class twenty minutes late.20. wake up (arouse from sleep醒来) i woke up when the rooster crowed.21.take place 发生 in 1919,the may 4th move

31、ment took place in china.e out出版，出来，is the new edition of the book coming out?e true 实现 your wish will one day come true . 您的愿望总有一天会实现的。24 run out 用光 ，耗尽 do your homework before you run out of timeUnit 1 Grammar and usage邵素珍Prepositions一. 定义What are prepositions and how are they used? Prepositions a

32、re words that specify place, direction, and time. There are three types of prepositions: time prepositions, place prepositions and movement (direction) prepositions. Prepositions are usually used before a noun or a noun phrase. A preposition can also be used before a verb in the v.ing form.e.g. He l

33、eft without saying good-bye to us.二. 句法功能1. 定语 The key to the door is still here.2. 状语 The boy was praised for his bravery.3. 表语 Japan is to the east of China.4. 宾补 Make yourself at home三. 常用的几类介词1.表时间的 at- used before a point of time in- used before a period of time on- used before a particular day

34、 for- to show how long something continues by- indicating no later than a time since- from a time in the past until a later time or now during- throughout or within a period of time after- indicating later in time before- earlier than the time when between- indicating in the period of time from- ind

35、icating the time at which sth. starts until- up to the time of (a specified event) 注意：1).表持续时间的 的区别since 接过去的某时间点, 常用于完成时 for 接一段具体的时间, 常用于完成时 in + 一段时间与非延续性动词连用,表一段时间以后,多用于将来时; 与延续性动词连用,表一段时间内,时态不限 after + 一段时间,常用于过去时2).在时间状语中，有两种情况不用介词.表示“去年、上个月、上周” “今年、这个月、本周”“明年、下个月、下周”“每年、每月、每周”等概念时。 last year

36、/ month / week this year / month / week next year / month / week every year/month/week My family are going to Hangzhou next month. Every summer she goes to visit her parents.用all来表示整个“年、月、星期、天”等概念时 We worked there all afternoon. She has lived in the village all her life.1. The train leaves _ 6:00 pm

37、, so I have to be at the station _ 5:40 at the latest. A. at; until B. for; after C. at; by D. before; around2. The old man died _ cold _ a cold night. A. from; at B. of; in C. of; on D. for; during3. The railway was opened _ traffic _ April 4, 1985. A. to; on B. to; in C. by; on D. for; on4. His fa

38、ther will be back from London _ a few days. A. since B. in C. on D. after 5. - How long has the bookshop been in business? - _ 1987. A. After B. In C. From D. Since6. The touch they had both kept in _ many years broke. A. for B. on C. into D. with2. 表地点的at, in, on, above, against, behind, between, b

39、y, near, opposite, under, below, off, over, inside, outside, etc.1). 表示地点时at, in, on的区别 My uncle lives _ 116 Changhe Street. His room is _ the sixth floor. A. at; on B. to; at C. on; in D. of; to at 表示在较小的地方(村庄, 小城镇,门牌); 在某物旁(不确定的地方) in 表示在较大的地方(国家,城市); 在某物范围 内(地点 的排列顺序是由小到大) on 表示在某物上(表面接触); road 前

40、用on, street 前用in/on; 楼层用on; farm前用on, field前用in2). 表方位的介词in, on, to, off的区别 Guangdong lies _ the south of China and Fujian is _ the east of it. Hainan is _ the coast of the mainland. A. in; in; on B. in; on; off C. on; to; on D. in; to; away in 表示在境内 on 表示相邻或在边界上, 不在境内 to 表示在境外, 不接壤 off 表示在海面上靠近海岸的地

41、方3).表上,下方位的介词 的区别_ the wall_ the trainThe picture is _ the map. Hang the picture _ the bookshelf.There is a bridge _the river.on 多用于与物体有接触时,位于物体的表面,边上,线上。above 侧重于指上下位置，有对比与参照物。over 侧重于指横跨两端，或有覆盖的含义。under与 below均可表“下方”，表示“低于.”仅用below，此时与above为反义。The water reached a few inches _the knees. 水离膝盖只有几英寸了。

42、_the sea level 海拔以下play _the tree 在树下玩pass _the bridge 在桥下流过4). 表示“在前面/后面” The children are playing _their house.He parked the car _the house. There is a blackboard _the classroom. at the back of与behind的意义基本一样，都表示“在后面”，但所指有区别。 behind指一物体在另一物体的后面，而at the back of既可指一物体在另一物体的后面，也可指一物体在另一物体内部的后面。in fron

43、t of, in the front of都表示“在前面”，但in front of指一物体在另一物体的前面，而in the front of指一物体在另一物的内部的前面。5). 表示“在中间” between / among / in the middle ofYou can sit _him and me .The animals usually hide _the trees during the daytime.There is a desk _the classroom.between 表示“在之间”（常指二者之间）among 表示“在中间”（三者或三者以上）in the middl

44、e of 指位置时，总是强调在一处地方的中心或中心附近的位置6). 表示“在旁边”用_ (1). near 表示“在附近、靠近”，暗示距离很近，如： The Smiths live near a park. (2 ). beside 表示“在附近、靠近”，与by意思相近，如： She sat on the chair beside the door. (3). by表示“在附近，紧挨” ，如： Mike is standing by the door. 7). 其他地点介词如inside, outside, across, against, etcWhats there _the box? 盒

45、子里有什么？She was told to wait _the classroom. 她被要求在教室外面等着。The post office is just _the street. 邮局就在街的对面。The man stood with his back _the wall. 那个男人背靠着墙站着。Choose the best answer. 1. _ the gate and youll find the entrance _ the park _ the other side. A. Through; to; on B. Along; of; on C. Down; to; at D.

46、 Up; of; by2. Early _the morning of May 1, we started off _ the mountain village. A. in; for B. in; to C. on; / D. on; for3. 表运动的across, along, down, into, off, over, out of, past, round, through, under, up, etc.1). 表示运动方向的1.She went _Beijing University yesterday.2. A friend of mine sent me the gift

47、 _Tianjin. 3. He poured some milk _the cup. 4. Walk straight _the street and youll find the post office. 5. I saw him walking _the library. 1. The ship started _ London. 2. She fell _ the ladder and hurt her leg. 3. I found the car driving _me. for 表示“（方向、倾向、能力）向，往”。off 表示“从离开”“从下来”。toward(s)、 to 、f

48、or都可表示方向。toward(s)只表示动作的方向，与到达与否无关；to表示到达的目的地；for表示目的地。和to表目的地是前面多用动词不同，for常与leave / start / set out/sail等连用，to常go / come / return等连用。2). 表示“经过”“穿过”“通过”的The ball rolled _ the grass.He walked _me without saying a word.I dont think anyone can jump _the fence.She drove _a school on her way home.across

49、表示“从这一边到一边”；穿过物体表面,或横过。by 表示“从人或事物旁边经过”，意义与past相似。 over 表示“从人或事物上空经过、越过”。 past 表示“从人或事物旁边经过”，意义与by相似。through 表示“从事物的里面穿过”或“从长形物的一头到另一头”。3). 表示“遍及” 的throughout / all over / all along / all around, etcThe news spread throughout the country.It is used by travelers and business people all over the world

50、.I looked all over for you before I started.There are trees all along the river banks. 4. 其它介词1). 表示“除 之外”的介词 He usually goes to work on time _. A. except for raining days B. besides it rains C. but that it rains D. except on rainy days besides 表示包含, 除 之外还有。 except 表示排除, 除 之外。 but 表示排除, 多与nobody, no

51、ne, no one, nothing, anything, everyone, all, who 等连用。 except for 表示除去整体中的部分, “只是, 只不过”。 _ basketball, I like playing Pingpang. You have no choice _ to work hard. Li Long is a good student _his laziness.2).表示方式、方法、手段的常用介词by, in, with, throughMr. Green usually goes to work _ car.He wrote many letters

52、 _ English.He told me to write _ a pen.You can master English _ more practice. by 表示“用（方法、手段、途径等）”或意为“乘坐（交通工具） ” in 表示“用（方式、材料、途径、语言）”。 with 表示“带着，伴随”，后接具体的工具，手段、材料或其他行为方式。 through 表示“以(方法、手段) 、经由”。Unit 1 Grammar and usage邵素珍Prepositional phrases四. 介词短语1. 动词短语 look forI am looking for the most recen

53、t model. stand forMD stands for MiniDisc. agree withScientists agree with each other that the development of TV will not stop.(1) v. + with begin, mix, agree, deal, fight, meet, play, quarrel, do(2) v. + sth (sb) + with + sth (sb)compare, provide, supply, feed, replace, combine, equip, furnish(1) v. + at aim, point, wonder, strike, look, glance, laugh, shoot, stare, glare, smile, call, fire, tear, knock, arrive4) v.+inget, lie, turn, draw, believe, take, drop, give