高中阶段高阶词汇同步学生版

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1、高中阶段高阶词同步学生姓名授课日期教师姓名授课时长8小时知识定位高考对于词汇的考查基本可以分为两类：词汇的辨析和词汇的使用，词汇的辨析要求考生熟悉词汇的词义；词汇的使用需要考生掌握词汇的用法和固定搭配。一部分认知词汇是超出普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲要求的范围，基本上只要求认识即可。高频重点认知词需掌握搭配、用法。词汇在高考中直接考察形式为词汇题（11选10，分值为10分）、翻译题（分值为22分左右），而在听力、阅读、作文中，更间接考察了对词汇的理解能力。因此，掌握与使用词汇是基础与一项重要任务。知识梳理1. abilitythe ability to do the capability

2、of doing be (un)able to do be capable of sth/doing 1 主语可以是物 2 可以加不好的事 Cf. was able to do ( = managed to do = succeeded in doing sth) Could enable sb. to do2. (ab)normal adj. n. above normal below normal return to normal Cf. average adj. 平均的； 典型，有代表性的 n. above/below average on (the) average against a

3、n average of the average drivers common adj. 人人都有；到处可见 Its common to have a mobile phone now. 共同；共有 have in common; common interest ordinary adj. general adj. 总的the general manager the general idea/outline 社会一般的the general public general knowledge general electiongenerally speaking in general VS in

4、detail usual adj. universal adj. a universal truth/rule a universal language/universal peace/donor topics of universal interest n. the universe Cf. space3. aboard adv. prepgo aboard the ship.On board4. abroad adv. go/study abroad; from home and abroad5. absence n. ones absence from in the absence of

5、 = for lack of absent adj. be absent from VS be present at absent-minded6. absorb vt. absorb light/water/heat/the training/what he says (sb.) be absorbed in sth/doing sth7. accept vt. Cf accept an invitation receive an invitation Cf. be accepted by all be well/coldly/poorly received by all Cf. be ac

6、cepted by a company be admitted to/into a company (un)acceptable adj. be acceptable to sb. 8. access (u)n. the access to the village have (easy/no) access to the library the Internet access (in)accessible adj. be to9. accident n. Cf. accident event incident issue by accident = by chance = accidental

7、ly = unintentionally on purpose = by intention = by design = purposefully = intentionally10. according to the chairman/reportaccording to the specific situationaccording to me (此表达法错，正确为so/as far as I am concerned)11. account account for1)占据 Girls account for 30% of the whole class.2)解释的原因 The stude

8、nt could not account for his absence.Give a detailed/full account of sthTake sth into account/considerationOn no account should we give up. We should not on any account give up.12. with great accuracyCf. accurate exact actual13. accuse sb. of sthcharge sb. with stharrest sb. for sth.blame sb. for st

9、h. = blame sth. on sb. scold sb. for sth.criticize sb. for sth.14. accustomed adj. his accustomed seat/ an accustomed smile be accustomed to sth./doing sth. = be used to sth./doing sth. get accustomed to sth./doing sth. = get used to sth./doing sth.15. ache n. have a bad headache/stomachache vi. = h

10、urt I ache all over. My heart aches for you. My leg has been hurting/aching since yesterday. Cf. hurt (hurt, hurt) vt. hurt my leg/have my leg hurt/hurt my feelings vi. My leg hurts. wound vt. a wounded solider n. = injury injure vt. injure his leg / injure his feelings n. injury damage vt. damage t

11、he table/chairs damage ones health/eyesight n. do/cause damage to Cf. damages destroy vt. spoil vt. Spare the rod, spoil the child. a spoilt child spoil his birthday party/the picnic Cf. offend himharm vt. harm sb. harm ones eyes n. do harm to sb. = do sb. harm = be harmful to = be bad for16. achiev

12、e vt. achieve success/ fame/recognition/an effect 达到（较抽象） achieve a task/ones aim 完成 achievement n. make achievements in accomplish vt. accomplish a task/ones aim 完成 accomplish something/nothing/wonders/whatever you do 做到（具体） fulfill vt. fulfill a promise/contrast 履行 fulfill a task 完成 fulfill ones n

13、eeds/requirements = meet; satisfy 满足17. acquire vt. acquire sth. 获得 acquire a knowledge of French/a bad reputation 学得；养成 gain vt .gain sth. gain/lose five minutes a day obtain vt. obtain sth. obtain ones goal earn vt. earn sb. sth. win vt. win sth. win sb. sth. win over sb. 18. across the desert; sh

14、out across the room; run across the plainCome across19. act as act n. Cf. act behaviour action deed20. actual adj. the actual price/ the actual cost/ his actual words/ in actual fact Cf. real real leather/silk a real person in real life true Its not true. She made up the story. true love/friends21.

15、adapt v. adapt sth. to sth. adapt oneself to sth. = adapt to sth. adopt vt. adopt a child adopt a good attitude/the proposaladjust vt. adjust the focus/ the clock adjust oneself to sth. = adjust to sth.22. add v. add sth. to sth. add up A and B add that 接着说 add to sth. = increase sth. 增添了 add to our

16、 helplessness (sth) add up to 总和 addition n. in addition to = besides in addition = besides = furthermore = whats more23. address n. 注意词义 vt. address the envelope address the meeting/ a large audience24. admire vt. admire you/ admire your bravery /admire you for your bravery admire the beautiful sun

17、set = appreciate 25. admit vt. admit sb. to/into sp. admit doing sth. VS deny doing sth. Cf. permit vt. permit sth. permit doing sth. permit sb. to do allow vt. allow sth. allow doing sth. allow sb. to do advise doing advise sb. to do recommend doing recommend sb. to do26. advance v. n. C/U make adv

18、ances in = make progress in advancement n. U advanced technology / advanced course27. take full advantage of = make full use of = make the most of Cf. make the best of have an advantage over sb. 28. adventure n. 冒险的活动Cf. venture n. 冒险的事业 Every venture has the possibility of making or losing money. R

19、isk29. advertise the new car model in the newspaperadvertise for a job/roommate30. advise sb. on sth. suggest sth.advise sb. to do suggest ones doingadvise doing suggest (to sb.) that (should) doadvise that(should) do give advice to sb. on sth. make a suggestion to sb. give tips to sb. on sth.31. af

20、fair (usu. pl.) foreign affairs/ political affairs household affairs/ a love affair Cf. business do business with business hours on business or for pleasure Its none of your business. set up/start a business matter Its a matter of choice/of personal tastes/life and death. Is there anything the matte

21、r with you?32. affect vt . affect a childs growth (不良影响) be affected by the story = be moved/touched by the story be affected by a disease = be infected with/by a disease = develop/catch/pick up/(carry) a disease Cf. influence vt. influence a childs thought/opinion n. U have influence on effect n. h

22、ave an effect on achieve the intended effect cause and effectcreate a wonderful sound effect(sth.)take effect bring sth. into effect effort n. make effort(s) to do without effort(s) in ones efforts to do spare no efforts to do through combined efforts impact n. have an impact on33. afford vt. 买得起 af

23、ford sth. afford to do 承受得起后果 A language learner cannot afford not to have a dictionary.34. afraid adj. be afraid to do be afraid of doing Cf. I am afraid of dogs. I fear dogs. Dogs frighten me. I am frightened at dogs.35. agree to do agree to my plan agree with me/my words/what I saidHis words dont

24、 agree with his actions. 相符 The food/weather here does not agree with me. 适合，适宜 (All of them) agree on (a date)come to/reach/arrive at an agreementagreeable(= pleasant) people/weather36. ahead of me 在前面;胜过ahead of time/schedule VS behind time ahead of ones time/the times VS behind the times 落后于时代37.

25、 aid n. a knowledge of first aid hearing aids audio-visual aids teaching aids come to/ go to ones aid/help/rescue/assistance with the aid of = with the help ofaid v. = help; assist aid (sb.) with sth. aid sb. in doing 38. aim his gun at the target aim his words at me aim at sth. aim to do = aim at d

26、oing The advert aims at promoting good service. aim high achieve ones aim to do sth.39. alike(adv.) The boss treats us all alike. (=in the same way)(adj.) The two brothers look much alike. Cf. A looks like B. 40. Cf. alive the oldest man alive catch sb. alivekeep sb. aliveliving the oldest living ma

27、n the living and the dead a living languagelively a lively boy/lessonlive (adj.)a live broadcast/match experiment on live animals(adv.)be broadcast live41. all students/all the students/all of the studentsall of themin allall in allafter allabove allfirst of allall over(not) at all42. almost nobody/

28、nothing/nonot nearly satisfactory = far from satisfactory/perfect/enoughalmost/nearly everybodyCf. almost/most/mostly43. alone adj. She is alone, but she isnt not lonely. adv. do it alone = do it on ones own = do it by oneself Money alone(光，仅仅) cant make me happy. lonely adj. She is lonely. a lonely

29、 girl a lonely village = a remote/faraway village44. amaze vt. amuse vt. 45. have an ambition to do sthachieve/realize/fulfill ones ambition46. a large amount of; a great deal of + Uplenty of, a large quantity of; large quantities of + U/Cmasses of; a good many; a large number of + C47. in ancient t

30、imes VS in modern timesthe ancients48. be angry with sb. at/about sth.49. announce vt. 公开宣布announce sth. ( announce their marriage) announce that declare vt. (权威.政府)宣布; 申报关税declare sth. (declare peace/war) declare sth/sb. (to be) + n./adj. (declare the meeting open) declare thatclaim vt. 要求获得权利;认领某物

31、 claim sth. (claim the wallet/ claim the reward) 自称 claim to do ( 无claim sb. to do) claim that demand vt. 需要 demand sth. ( demand great care/patience) = need sth.= call for sth. = require sth. (强烈)要求 demand sth. ( demand an apology/ demand a reasonable explanation) demand to do (无demand sb. to do) d

32、emand that(should) do require vt. 需要require sth.= need sth. = demand sth. = call for sth. require doing = require to be done ( = want; need; deserve) (规定) 要求require sb. to do (sb. ) be required to do require too much of sb. = ask too much of sb. = expect too much of sb. ( = beg sth. of sb.) require

33、that(should) do n. requirement meet/satisfy admission/entrance requirements inquire vi. 咨询,询问inquire for sth. = ask for inquire about sth. = ask about inquire into the matter inquire after sb. n. inquiry make inquiries for/about/into/after request vt. 请求 request sth. (from sb. ) request sb. to do re

34、quest that(should) do n. make an request for sth. a pamphlet will be sent on/upon request at ones request = at the request of sb. command vt. command the army / command silence 指挥 command respect/ command a high price 博得 command a large vocabulary/ command English = master command sb. to do command

35、that(should) do n. have a good command of English = have a good mastery of English50. annoy vt. 惹恼annoy sb. (with sth.) be annoyed by the poor bus service disturb vt. 打搅disturb sb. (with sth.) Dont disturb. 扰乱disturb the smooth surface of the river disturb the balance of nature 使心烦意乱be disturbed by

36、the news disturbance n.interrupt vt. 打断interrupt us (with sth.) interrupt our conversationbother vt . 打搅bother sb. with sth. vi. 麻烦;费心Dont bother to do that. Dont bother about supper.He hasnt even bothered to write to his parents. 他甚至懒得写信给他爸妈51. answer vt. answer the question = reply to the question

37、 answer the telephone/doorbell/the appeal of the government answer for 为。负责 n. = reply52. be anxious for sth. = be eager for=be desperate for be anxious about sth. = be worried about 53. anyhow = anyway adv. 无论如何Cf. somehow adv. 不知怎么的; 以某种方式 somewhat adv. = a bit; a little54. apologize to sb. for st

38、h.make an apology to sb. for sth.55. appeal vi.恳求;要求 appeal to sb. for sth./ appeal to sb. to do sth. = call on sb. to do = urge sb. to do 诉诸appeal to war/arms 吸引appeal to me appeal n. make an appeal for sth.Have great appeal for sb. 对某人具有很大的吸引力56. Cf. sb. appear/seem/happen to be/to do There appear

39、/seem/happen to beIt appear/seem/happen that Cf. sb. is said/reported/known/assumed/thought/believedto be/to doIt is said/reported/known/assumes/thought/believed thatAs is known, .57. have an appetite for sth. lose/stimulate ones appetite58. burst into applause warm applause join in the applause59.

40、electrical appliances = electrical equipment household appliances Cf. appliance 器具electrical/household appliancesequipment Utool carpenters tools /gardeners toolsinstrument lab/musical/medical instruments an instrument for/of communicationdevice a device for peeling apples/for closing the door autom

41、aticallyimplement 用具farming/writing/gardening implementsfacility U 便利 be used with great facility pl.设施 kitchen/airport/educational/language teaching facilities60. complete/fill in/fill out an application formapprove/refuse/reject/turn down an applicationmake an application to sb. for sth.the new ap

42、plication(s) of sth. in (a field)apply to sb. for sth.apply the rule to this occasion(The rule does not) apply to the caseThe rule applies(be effective) till next May.61. appoint him (as/to be) chairman of the boardmeet at the appointed timesee patients by appointment onlymake/have an appointment wi

43、th sb.62. have an appreciation of modern art/paintingsappreciate you/your talentappreciate modern art/paintingsappreciate your help/appreciate your kindness in doing sth. = thank you for your help = be grateful/thankful to you for your help= show my gratitude to you for your help63. 批准approve the pl

44、an wait for the fund to be approved同意approve (of) your opinion64. area n. cover an area of 100 square meters be outstanding in his area = in his field Cf. region district zone field65. argue with sb. over/about sth. augue for/against sth.argument n. 66. arise vi. = come up; appear; emerge arise from

45、rise vi. = stand up = raise oneself rise to ones feet The flag is rising. a rising flag VS a risen sun n. on the rise = on the increase rise and fall of an umpireraise vt. raise oneself raise a flag at the flag-raising ceremony raise ones voice /the rent raise money = collect money raise pets = keep

46、 petsarousevt. arouse curiosity/interest67. arrange flowers arrange books arrange for sb. to do sth. Mom has arranged for me to study abroad.arrange with sb. to do sth. Ive arranged with Jack to meet at the square. make arrangements/preparations for sth./to do sth.68. arrive at VS. arrive in The let

47、ter reached me yesterday. (不可用get to/arrive at)arrive at an agreement/decision/conclusion69. article n. 文章write an article on sth. 物品see articles of all kinds Cf. item n. 一则新闻a news item = an item of news 一项many items on display/on the list/in the test paper I love the last item on the program.70. a

48、rtificial adj. an artificial flower/ snow/ leg/hand/eye/satellite an artificial smile/artificial manners Cf. synthetic fibers/materials false teeth a false statement/alarm fake money a fake painting by Picasso a faulty electric fan71. suchas the sameas such a great man as he=a great man like himCf.S

49、he is such a nice girl as is loved by all of us. She is such a nice girl that she is loved by all of us. She is such a nice girl as to be loved by all of us.Cf. as, like as, though, although as, when, while as, which asas, soas72. be/feel ashamed of sth. Cf. shameful adj.73. be/fall asleep VS a slee

50、ping baby be fast/sound asleep VS be wide awake74. assign sth. to sb. assign sb. to sth. I was assigned to that project.assign sb. sth.assign sb. to do sth.75. 联系;联想associate A with B A be associated with B有关联relate A to B A be related to B结合combine A with B A combine with B 连接; 联系link A to/with B =

51、 connect A to/with B系 tie A to B 76. 假定assume sth. (assume his innocence)assume sb. (to be) + adj./n.assume that承担assume office/responsibility77. assure sb. of sth. assure sb. that ensure sth. ensure sb. sth. ensure that guarantee vt. 保修 guarantee the clock for a year 保证guarantee to do = guarantee t

52、hat 担保guarantee the painting genuine n. have a two-year guarantee under guarantee a guarantee of happiness a guarantee to do a guarantee that insure his house against fire78. attack vt. a disease/disaster attack/strike/hit a place n. make/launch an attack on die of a heart attack79. attach sth. to s

53、th.attach to sth. be attached to sth.80. attempt sth. attempt to do sth. make an attempt at sth. make an attempt to do sth.81. attend a meeting/a concert/school/churchattend (to) a sick child = tend (to) = look after = take care ofattend to the matter82. pay attention to sth./doing sth.attract/draw/catch ones attention catch ones eyecall ones attention to sth.83. adopt/assume/take/maintain a positive/negative attitude towards/about sth.84. attract sb./sth.attract sb. to/into sp.distract sb. from sth./doing sth.a tourist a