船舶管路系统简介.ppt

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1、Pipe Design and Production,Ship Piping Systems,Marine Piping Systems,Bilge System,Bilge System,Bilge System,Basic requirement is to provide effective drainage to all dry spaces and at the same time prevent water from entering the spaces through this system. Discharge of oily water from machinery spa

2、ces is to comply with MARPOL Annex 1 Oily water is treated in an oily-water separator before being allowed to be discharged. Discharge water must be monitored with purity not to exceed ppm set by MARPOL.,Bilge System,Bilge main diameter, dm,L = length of ship B = Breadth D = Depth,Branch bilge main

3、diameter, db,l = length of compartment,(mm),(mm),Bilge System,Bilge pump capacity, Q,Two bilge pumps are required Suctions are arranged such that water can be pumped out when ship is inclined 5 Arrangement must be such that water cannot pass from sea or ballast system into dry spaces through the bil

4、ge system,(m3/h),Oily-water Separator,Ballast System,Ballast System,Ballast System,For safe operation, at least two ballast pumps are to be connected to ballast tanks. Stripping eductor can also be used for emptying the bilges in cargo holds with 2 non-return valves between hold and system Ship side

5、 valve material must not of grey cast iron and to direct mechanical manual operate,Air and Sounding Systems,Purposes目的 to secure ventilation of tanks, cofferdam and tunnels to prevent over-pressurizing and vacuum (air pipes)确保舱、围堰、管道通风，避免形成过压或真空（空气管） to ascertain the level of liquid in tanks, coffer

6、dam and tunnels (Sounding pipes)确定舱、围堰、管道液位（测深管） Vent pipes need to prevent flooding of spaces through their upper ends通风管顶部末端要有 Vent pipes need to safely prevent flammable liquids or vapours due to their fire hazards,Air and Sounding Systems,Machinery Spaces Heavy fuel oil overflow tank has short s

7、elf-closing type sounding pipe HFO overflow tank air pipe is led to open deck as required. Lubricating oil sump tank air pipe may end inside machinery space but away from ignition sources,Air and Sounding Systems,Machinery Spaces Air or overflow pipes internal are are normally required to be 1.25 ti

8、mes the area of respective filling pipes for a tank. Velocity in the air pipe is not to exceed 4 m/s when using one pump for one tank.,Air and Sounding Systems,Air and Sounding Systems,Fire-Fighting Systems,Fire-fighting System,Fire-Fighting Systems,Three groups: Fire Main Seawater as fire extinguis

9、hing medium At least two fire pumps and are located in two different compartments An international shore connection is provided at port and starboard for external water supply System is tested with at least streams of water directed from one fire pump. Pressure relief valve is fitted to mains to pro

10、tect sudden over-pressure.,Fire-Fighting Systems,Three groups: Carbon Dioxide system Dry fire protection Used in compartments that have potential for fire: engine room, emergency generator room, paint locker and galley hood System is equipped with audio and visual alarm to alert personnel to evacuat

11、e Prior to CO2 release, ventilation fans and fire damper to be shut.,Fire-Fighting Systems,Three groups: Sprinkle system Wet fire protection mainly for accommodation area System is filled with fresh water and pressurized by compressed air Subsequently, water is supplied from fire main Sprinkle and f

12、ire main systems are separated by an alarm check valve. When the pressure in the sprinkle drops below the fire main fire pressure, the fire main pressure will overcome the internal pressure of the valve lift and automatically push open to accommodate the fire main.,Fuel Oil Systems,Main concerns Fir

13、e hazards Flash point Insulation Remote control of fuel oil valves Stopping of pumps Collection of drains from leaks Materials Fuel oil pipes and their valves and fittings is required to be of steel or other fire-resistance materials,FO Storage and Transfer,FO Storage and Transfer,FO Storage and Tra

14、nsfer,Important concerns Overflow pipes Quick-closing valves Drain to waste oil tanks (spill trays) Level gauge with heat-resistant glass for sounding Remote control of fuel oil valves Insulation of hot surfaces where fuel oil leaks (possibly in a spray form) is possible,HFO Settling Tank,HFO Servic

15、e Tank,Quick-closing Valves,FO Supply to Engine,FO System,FO Supply to Engine,Main components Storage (bunkers) Transfer pump Settling tank Heater Purifier Service tank Filter Viscosity controller Return Tank (10 to 15 minutes engine operation),HFO Duplex Filter,HFO Transfer Pump,HFO Heater,HFO Sepa

16、rator,HFO Separation System,Diesel Fuel Separation System,Diesel Fuel Separation System,Lubricating Oil Storage and Transfer,Lubricating Oil Storage and Transfer,Main components Filling from deck to tanks Main LO storage tank to deliver to ME sump tank Quick-closing valves operable from outside ER w

17、here valves are below top of tanks (not applicable for small tanks below 0.5 m3) Air pipes may terminate inside ER provided their openings do not constitute a fire hazard Duplex filters (or self-cleaning) are used without interrupting operations,Lubricating Oil Circulation System,Lubricating Oil Ser

18、vice Tank,Lubricating Oil Pump,Lubricating Oil Filter Self-cleaning,Lubricating Oil Filter Self-cleaning,Lubricating Oil System - Thermostatic Valve,Shell-and-Tube LO Cooler,Lubricating Oil Purifier,Lubricating Oil Purifier,Seawater Cooling System,Seawater Cooling System,Arrangement Conventional and

19、 Central cooling High and low sea chests Suctions are arranged from two sea inlets preferably on the opposite sides of the ships Filters can be cleaned without interrupting the water supply in the system. Temperature controlled three-way valves to re-circulate water when the water is cold,Seawater C

20、ooling System,Overboard Discharge,Freshwater Cooling System,Freshwater Cooling System,Freshwater Cooling System,Arrangement Freshwater from engine is delivered to freshwater generator (evaporator) Pressure in the system is regulated by he expansion tank Temperature-controlled three-way valves to all

21、ow re-circulation High-temperature circuit (jacket cooler), low-temperature circuit (lubricating oil),Freshwater Generator (Evaporator),Freshwater Cooler (Plate-type),Jacket Water Pump,Freshwater Header Tank,Compressed Air System,Compressed Air System,Normally three systems Starting air Service air

22、Control air Require two main compressors to charge two air receivers from atmospheric within one hour Capacity of receivers sufficient to produce: 12 starts for reversible engines 6 starts for non-reversible engines 3 starts for auxiliary engines,Compressed Air System,No connections to other machine

23、ry between air compressors and main air receivers Emergency air compressor can be diesel driven or power supplied from emergency generator Pressure reduction stations and filters are required to be duplicates Safety relief valves are fitted at receivers and set at 10% above operating pressure Compre

24、ssed air line is classes as Class II due to high pressure.,Air Compressors,Air Receivers,Auxiliary Air Receiver,Emergency Air Receiver,Control Air Dryer (Refrigerant-type),Pressure-reducing Station,Domestic Water System,Domestic Water System,Domestic Water System,Freshwater is made by Freshwater gen

25、erator (evaporator) Delivery of water to accommodation from hydrophore units is by compressed air Domestic water is sterilized before consumption Domestic water is heated and then circulated (by hot-water circulating pumps) Domestic water is also used by HFO, DO and LO separators,Hydrophoreunit,Dome

26、stic Water Heater,Power Generating System,Generator System,Diesel Generator System,Steam System,Steam System,Steam System,Normally divided into: Feed water systems Steam supply For heating tanks For heating pipelines To heat exchangers Condensate Heat of exhaust gas is recovered in economizer to gen

27、erate steam Diesel propulsion system is normally fitted with an auxiliary boiler,Steam System,Steam with pressure above 7 bar or temperature above 170C are considered Class II piping. Steam with pressure above 16 bar or temperature above 300C is of Class I piping. With respect to materials for valves and fittings in Class II piping system, grey cast iron may not be used up to ND 200, pressure up to 13 bar and temperature up to 250C,Auxiliary Boiler,Cargo Pump Turbine and Condenser,