高三英定语从句全面复习讲解与练习新课标人教版

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1、The Attributive Clause 定语从句全面复习讲解与练习定语从句全面复习讲解与练习定语从句复习定语从句复习定语从句定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句的构成限制性定语从句的构成The old lady who lives next to us sells books.You should do all that I said.I have found the teather whom I a

2、m looking for.I visited the factory where my father works.关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词先行词先行词 之后之后,用陈述式语序用陈述式语序“.的的”关系词关系词1.从句位置及语序从句位置及语序:2.翻译方法翻译方法:3.构成构成先行词和关系词的关系先行词和关系词的关系1.A plane is a machine that can fly.2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his

3、grandfather.4.The school where I study is far from my home.the machine=thatthe boy=whothe boys=whosein the school=where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系副词实际上是介词先行词Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.先行词和关系词的关系先行词和关系词的关系Join

4、 the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质the machinea machineJoin the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质a machine that/which关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The lady is Gre

5、en.We saw her yesterday.herThe lady we saw yesterday is Green Who/that指人指人指物指物主语主语宾语宾语that whichwhowhom关系代词的用法关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做做宾语宾语时可以省略时可以省略 三、关系代词三、关系代词 主语主语 宾语宾语介宾介宾 定语定语 人人WhoThat WhoWhom That Whom Whose 物物ThatwhichThatwhichwhichWhose=Of which关系代词的用法练习关系代词的用法练习1.The

6、eggs were not fresh.I bought them yesterday.2.The friend was not hungry.He came to supper last night.3.He prefers the cheese.It comes from his parents farm.4.The noodles were delicious.You cooked them.5.I dont like the people.They smoke a lot.The eggs(that/which)I bought them were not fresh.The frie

7、nd who/that he came to supper last night was not hungry.He prefers the cheese that/which it comes from his parents farm.The noodles(which/that)you cooked them were delicious.I dont like the people that/who they smoke a lot.关系副词和先行词的关系关系副词和先行词的关系I still remember the day when I came here.This is the h

8、ouse where I lived last year.There are many reasons why people like traveling.I dont like the way that you speak.on the day=whenin the house=wherefor the reasons=whyin the way=that关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系副词实际上是介词先行词whose whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与导词与 whose whose 后的名词为所属关系。后的名词为所属关系。whosewhose多指人，也可指

9、物，指物时可与多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of whichof which互换使用。互换使用。This is the book This is the book whosewhose covercover is blue.is blue.This is the book This is the book of whichof which the coverthe cover is blue.is blue.This is the book This is the book the cover of whichthe cover of which is blue.is blue.The bos

10、s of the company,whose name The boss of the company,whose name was was MrMr Little,told the story about Ms King.Little,told the story about Ms King.The boss of the company told the story aboutMs King.His name was Mr Little.HisThe boss in whose department The boss in whose department MrMr King King w

11、orked had heard about the accident.worked had heard about the accident.The boss had heard about the accident.Mr King worked in his department.his难用的难用的 whoseThe teacher praised the student.His English is the best in our class.The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.Joi

12、n the following pair of sentences.whose=the students关系词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格实际上是先行词的所有格难用的难用的 whoseThe house is mine.The window of the house is broken.Join the following pair of sentences.The house whose window is broken is mine.whose=the houses windowThe house is mine.the window of which is brokenof

13、which the window is brokenwhose 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。表示所属关系。表示所属关系。The river _ banks are covered with trees flows ti the sea.whoseThere are in this class 20 students,_ are different.A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whomC.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句The town w

14、here I live is beautiful.Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students.Please compare:形式形式作用作用能否省略能否省略 翻译翻译限制性定限制性定语从句语从句非限制性非限制性定语从句定语从句插入成分插入成分修饰限定修饰限定补充解释补充解释不能不能能能.的的Teachers who are kind are popular with the

15、students.Mr Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果分析两种定语从句省略后的结果The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果分析两种定语从句省略后的结果限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，所以不能省略所以不能省略限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺是先行词在意义上不可

16、缺少的定语，少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，密切，写时不用逗号分开。写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往写时往往逗号分开。往逗号分开。The watch that I bought yesterday works well.Shakespeare,whose plays are very popul

17、ar,was a great writer.His son who is a doctor is now visiting the USA.His son,who is a doctor,is now visiting the USA.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句和单句的比较非限制性定语从句和单句的比较2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry.3.He failed in the exam,_made his parents angry.4.He has two sons.Both

18、of _ are teachers.5.He has two sons,both of _ are teachers.Thiswhichwhomthem that1.I am reading Harry Porter,_is an interesting book.whichas 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句The earth is round._ is known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all,the earth is round_ is known to all that the

19、earth is round.Itwhich/as AsItas 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/as you see/as we planned/as we expected定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as,as 与与which的区别的区别1.固定句型：固定句型：The same.as;such.asI shall do it in the same way as you did.I want to buy such a book as you have.2.说明整个句子，可放在主句前说明整个

20、句子，可放在主句前As we all know=As is known to all,he studies hard.As is said above,.As is often the case,.As is reported in the newspaper,.He is often late,which/as is not surprising.He failed in the exam,which made his mother very angry.His dog died,which made him very sad.as 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句(1)This

21、 is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.Please compare:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。这本书就是我丢的那本。as 引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句(2)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is s

22、o interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句结果状语从句)介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toin介词介词+关系代词的情况

23、关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toin Are these two sentences right?可见可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后不能用与介词之后 介词

24、介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 3Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better.在固定短语中介词不能提前在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗下面两句中的介词能提前吗?注意：如何判断介词注意：如何判断介词The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend.1、看

25、定语从句中动词与介词的搭配、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配foron2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish,_ all of which activities dolphins are expert.within3、根据先行词判断，所

26、用的介词与先行词、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配搭配The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.This is our classroom,_ which there is a teachers desk.atin the front ofThe committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women.The book contains 50 poems,most of _ was written in 1930s.There are two left,on

27、e of _ is almost finished,and the other of _ is not quite.I have a sentence,the meaning of _ I dont understand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名词名词/代词代词/数词数词+of+which/whom特殊情况特殊情况I dont like the way _he speaks to me.This is the first time_I have been here.that/省省that/省省 1.Do you like the book she spent$10?2

28、.Do you like the book she paid$10?3.Do you like the book she learned a lot?4.Do you like the book she often talks?5.He built a telescope he could study the skies.介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 练习练习on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough which 6.There is a tall tree outside,stands our teacher.7.China has

29、a lot of rivers,the second longest _ is the Yellow River.8.The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill.9.The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.10.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.under whichof whichfrom

30、whichto whomof which关系代词关系代词that和和which在很多情况下可以互换，在很多情况下可以互换，但但下列情况只用下列情况只用that。All _ can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you dont understand?There is little _ can be believed about it.The book doesnt say much _ amuses children.that thatthat that1.先行词是先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything

31、,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.No sample _ we nave received is satisfactory.Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.He is the only person _ was present at the time.that that that that2.先行词被先行词被any,some,no,much,few,li

32、ttle,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用修饰时，引导定语从句用that。Hamburg is the most beautiful city _Ive ever seen.This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.thatthatthat3.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that。This is the first/second

33、/last book(that)he has read.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc.thatthat4.先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用从句用that.5.关系代词在从句中作表语，或先行词指物且在主句中作表语.My hometown is no lo

34、nger the place that it used to be.He didnt become the kind of person that his father wanted him to be.It is a song that is very popular.It s a book that will help you a lot.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better?Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow?that that6.Who做做先行词时，引导定语从句用先行词时，引导定语从句用

35、that。不管先行词是人还是物不管先行词是人还是物,只用只用thatthat的两种情况的两种情况:Which is the subject(that)you are going to learn next term?Who is the man that came to see you just now?2.关系代词在从句中作表语时：关系代词在从句中作表语时：He is no longer the man(that)he used to be.1.由由which和和who开头的问句中避免重复开头的问句中避免重复三、不用三、不用that，而用而用which，who，whom的情况的情况He ma

36、de the same mistakes again,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan.Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time.whichwhichwhowhom在在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用指人用

37、who或或whom。Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang,with _ I went to the concert,enjoy it very much.whichwhichwhich在介词后面，指事物用在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用指人用whom。在下列情况指人只能用在下列情况指人只能用 who 而不用而不用thatOne who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to

38、tell the truth.The ones who are often late should be punishedDont tell anyone about the news who oughtnt to know it.Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized.Anyone who breaks the law is punished.1.先行词是先行词是one/ones/anyone 时要用时要用whoThose who break the law are punished.Those who w

39、ant to go to the Great Wall sign up here.He who has not been to the Great Wall is not a true man.He who laughs last laughs best.He who breaks the law is punished.2.先行词为先行词为 those,he 时用时用“who”而不用“that”.在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中只能用只能用which 做关系代词的情况做关系代词的情况在介词后面在介词后面下列情况只能下列情况只能用用whichHis dog,which was very

40、 old now,became ill and died.Which is the car,the owner of which you know?1.非限定性的定语从句非限定性的定语从句2.介词后面介词后面关系副词关系副词when,where,why的用法的用法Ill never forget the day when I joined the army.Ill never forget the factory where my father worked.Tell me the reason why you came late.=on which=in which=for whichWhe

41、re 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句。先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用引导定语从句。从句做状语。象名词，用引导定语从句。从句做状语。This is the town where(=in which)I spent my childhood.The table where(=at which)she is sitting is a new one.Ill show you the paint where you failed.When 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。先行词是表示时间的名词，用先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定引导定语

42、从句。从句作状语。语从句。从句作状语。Ill never forget the day when(=on which)I met you.This was the time when (=at which)he left for Bijing.We will put off the outing until next week,when we wont be busy.why引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句作状语。作状语。This is the reason why(=for which)I didnt c

43、ome here.The reason _ she gave was not true.whichthat注意注意 2 2区分区分where引导的定语从句和状引导的定语从句和状语从句语从句Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则定语从句，否则是状语从句。When you read books,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.When you read books,you had better make a mark where you have any

44、 questions.区别于其它从句区别于其它从句Make a mark where you have any questions.Make a mark at the place where you have any questions.Put the note where it can easily be found.Put the note at the place where it can easily be found.This is where I was born.(表语从句表语从句)This is the place where I was born.注意注意 1 1若若定语从

45、句缺主语或宾语，用定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。The library _ students often study was on fire last night.The library,_ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.wherewhichwhich注意注意若若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。Ill never forget th

46、e day _ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the time _ I sent on campus.Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you.whenwhichthatwhichthat1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.4.I went to

47、the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.when/in whichwhichwhere/in whichwhichwhy/for whichthat/which难点解析：几种易混的情况难点解析：几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词This is the day_I met him.This is the day_I will never forget.This is the day_we spent tog

48、ether.This is the place_I lived last year.This is the place _ I was born.This is the place_I visited last year.when/on which(that/which)(that/which)where/in which where/in which(that/which)The reason_ he The reason_ he gave me is not reasonable.gave me is not reasonable.The reason_The reason_he is l

49、ate is reasonable.he is late is reasonable.(that/which)(that/which)why/for whichwhy/for which难点解析：易混情况之含有定语难点解析：易混情况之含有定语从句的疑问句从句的疑问句Is this house _ you Is this house _ you lived in last year?lived in last year?A.whereA.where B.thatB.that C which C which D.theD.the one oneIs this the Is this the hou

50、se_youhouse_you lived in last year?lived in last year?A.whereA.where B.thatB.that C.inC.in which which D.theD.the one one D D B B1.He did all/everything _he could to help me.2.This is the very thing _ I am after.3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school.4.He is the only man

51、_ can do the work.5.This is the first thing _ I want to say.6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with.7.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate.8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth.Exercises that,which or who?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat,which,whose,whom or who?9.Is there a

52、nything else _ you want to say?10.Any person _ has the money can join the group.11.He often speaks the role he played in the play,_ made others upset.12.He opened the door,in front of _ sat a boy.13.The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist.14.The boy _ mother is dead was brought up by his father.t

53、hatthatwhichwhich whomwhose This is the teacher _ teaches us maths.She is the girl _ I met at the party.The money _ is in the wallet is mine.The money _ my mother gave me yesterday has been stolen.This is the house _ my sister lives in.that/which(that/which)(that/which)(who/whom/that)who/that 用用“介词介

54、词+关系代词关系代词”填空填空 1.This is the room_ _they once lived.2.Ill never forget the day_ _ I joined the army.3.This is the reason_ _ I failed.4.The pencil_ _he wrote was broken.5.She has three children,all_ _ are at school.in whichon whichfor whichwith whichof whom 6.China has a lot of famous writers,one_ _

55、is Lu Xun.7.He has lost the key to the box _ _the papers are kept.8.My glasses,_ _I was like blind man,fell to the ground and broke.9.The age_ _children can go to school is seven.10.His bike_ _ he went to work was stolen last night.of whomin whichwithout whichat whichon which四、关系代词与介词四、关系代词与介词 1.Thi

56、s is the factory_I once worked.2.The house_he spent 100,000 yuan is very beautiful.3.The house_he paid 100,000 yuan is very beautiful.4.This is the hero_we are proud.5.I cant find the very pen_I wrote that letter.in which on whichfor whichof whomwith which 6.I dont know the student _ Tom quarreled y

57、esterday.7.I dont know the thing _Tom and Mary quarreled yesterday.8.This is the hotel _ you will stay.with whom about whichin which9.She is the girl _ I went there.10.This is the house _ my sister liveswith whomin which I will never forget the day _ I first went to school.I will never forget the da

58、y _ we spent in Beijing.The house _ we visited is being repaired now.The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.when(which/that)(which/that)where关系代词和关系副词的选择关系代词和关系副词的选择Is this the factory _ we visited last week?Is this factory _ we visited last week?Is this the factory _ his father works?(t

59、hat/which)the one(that)whereThe reason _he The reason _he was late was that his was late was that his mother was ill.mother was ill.The reason _he The reason _he gave for his being late was gave for his being late was that his mother was ill.that his mother was ill.(that/whichthat/which)whywhy 介词加关系

60、代词的基本用法The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.The room _ my family live used to be a garage.Did you find the pen _ I wrote just now?Did you find the paper _ I wrote my letter?Did you find the composition _ I wrote just now?with whomin whichwith whichon which(which/that)I will never for

61、get the day.I first went to school on the day.I will never forget the day _ I first went to school.I will never forget the day _ I first went to school.(比较比较)I will never forget the year _ I first went to school.whenon whichwhen/in whichLast week we visited the factory.My brother works in it.Last we

62、ek we visited the factory _ my brother works.Last week we visited the factory _ my brother works in.Last week we visited the factory _ my brother works.where(which/that)in whichHe didnt come for the reason.The reason was not clear.The reason _ he didnt come was not clear.The reason _ he didnt come w

63、as not clear.whyfor whichExercises:1.All_ is useful to us is good.A.which B.what C.that D.whether 2.Is this factory_the foreign visitors visited last week?A.where B.that C.which D.the one 3.She will never forget the days_she spent in Beijing.A.when B.what C.which D.whyC D C 4.This is the school_my f

64、ather worked thirty years ago.A.that B.when C.which D.where 5.The text is one of the most interesting stories_learned in the past three years.A.that have B.that have been C.which has D.which has been 6.The college wont take on anyone_eyesight is weak.A.who B.whose C.of whom D.which D BB 7.Let me thi

65、nk of proper situation_this sentence can be used.A.where B.that C.which D.of which 8.The man_you are talking is in the next room.A.to whom B.about whom C.who D.whom 9.This is the factory_he used to work at,many workers of_still have a good relationship with him.A.that;it B.which;whom C.that;which D.

66、which;that A B C 10.Here is the bicycle_in the shop.A.that you saw it B.that saw it C.you saw D.you saw it 11.Those_to take part in the game write down your names,please.A.who B.who want C.that wants D want 12.I,_your good friend,will try my best to help you out.A.who is B.what is C.what am D.who am C BD 13.His walking-sick,_he cant walk,was lost yesterday.A.that B.with which C.which D.without which 14.There are three libraries in our school,_were built five years ago.A.all of them B.either of t