高考英语知识点梳理.ppt

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1、.高频单词思忆 1.The girl had been d to death in the river before the police came to save her. 2.Parents are always f their little children for making mistakes. 3.A lot of people g round,curious to know what was happening.,基础落实,Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world,rowned,orgiving,athered,4.No pains,no

2、g . 5.I havent much b in his honesty， because he often tells lies. 6.Do you know when India gained its _ (独立) from Britain? 7.Do you know the _ (起源) of life on earth? 8.He got a lot of _(奖状) for his excellent study. 9.His nervousness was _(显然的) right from the start. 10.They entered the area without

3、_ (允许).,ains,elief,independence,origin(s),awards,obvious,permission,.重点短语再现 1._出现；到场 2._出发；动身；使爆炸 3._搞恶作剧 4._纪念；追念 5._盛装；打扮；装饰 6._期望 7._玩得开心 8._守信用 9._屏息 10._使想起,turn up,set off,play a trick on,in memory of,dress up,look forward to,have fun with,keep ones word,hold ones breath,remind.of.,.典型句式运用 1.A

4、t that time people would starve if food was difficult to find,especially during the cold winter months.那时，特别是在冬季寒冷的 日子里，如果难以找到食物，人们就会挨饿。 to find为动词不定式，作_，修饰 表语形容词difficult，并且find与逻辑主语food 之间构成_关系，这时，动词不定式用_形 式表示_意义。,考点提炼,状语,动宾,主动,被动,2.China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the

5、 moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.中国和日本都有中秋节，这时 人们会赏月，在中国，人们会品尝月饼。 when people admire the moon and in China,enjoy mooncakes为when引导的_ _从句。when指代先行词_ _，在从句中作时间状语。,考点提炼,非限制性,定语,mid-autumn,festivals,3.Finding that Zhin was heart-broken,her grandmother finally decided to let the couple cross the Milky

6、Way to meet once a year.看 到织女伤心欲绝,王母娘娘最后决定让这对夫妻每 年跨过银河相会一次。 finding that Zhin was heart- broken为现在分词短语在句中作_状语，现在 分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、伴随、条件、让 步、结果或补充说明等情况。,考点提炼,原因,4.There was Hu Jin waving at him and calling, “Why are you so late?Ive been waiting for you for a long time!And I have a gift for you!”那是胡瑾在向他

7、招手，她喊道：“你为什 么这么晚才来呢？ 我在这儿等你好久了！我有礼 物给你！” waving at him and calling 在句中 作_的宾语，表示动作由_发出。在 there be 结构中常用现在分词、过去分词或定语 从句来作主语的修饰语。,考点提炼,Hu Jin,Hu Jin,重点单词 1.starve At that time people would _ if food was difficult to find,especially during the cold winter months.(回归课本P1) 观察思考 The lady is starving hersel

8、f trying to lose weight. 那位女士正在节食，试图减肥。,导练互动,starve,They tried to starve the army to give in. 他们试图使军队因饥饿而投降。 They got lost in the desert and starved to death. 他们在沙漠中迷路了，饥饿而死。 归纳总结 starve _。 starve to death饿死 starve for sth.渴望得到某物 starve sb.of sth.使某人得不到某物而受苦或渴望 获得某物,vi. 作动词用时award意为“授与,颁发;判给”。,即学即用

9、(1)奖章授予辩论队中的最佳演说者。 Medals _ on the debating team. (2)袁隆平因为在农业生产方面的贡献而被政府给予 奖励。 Yuan Longping _ from the government his contribution to agricultural production.,are awarded to the best speakers,received awards,for,3.gain .,the leader who helped _ Indias independence from Britain.(回归课本P2) 观察思考 He only

10、 seems to be interested in personal gain. 他似乎只在乎个人的收益。 Ive gained weight recently. 最近我的体重增加了。 My watch gains two minutes every 24 hours. 我的表每24小时快2分钟。 Our firm has gained a good reputation. 我们公司赢得了一个好名声。,gain,归纳总结 gain n._; vt._ _。 易混辨异 gain,obtain,get,acquire,attain,win (1)gain强调经过艰苦的努力而获得成果。 (2)ob

11、tain指没有付出很大努力而获得。 (3)get既可指主动争取，也可指被动接受，有时不一 定需要很大努力就能获得。 (4)acquire主要指获得知识、能力等。,获得;收益,(钟、表等)快,得到；获得；增加，增添；,(5)attain主要指达到重要目标或获得珍贵的东西， 运用的场合比较庄重。 (6)win主要指在竞争、比赛或辩论中击败对手而赢得 胜利。 即学即用 (1)她生平第一次知道世界是多么大。 For the first time in her life she _ _of how vast the world is. (2)该公司在生产效率方面已经有了明显的提高。 The compan

12、y has _ in productivity.,gained a,clear idea,made notable gains,4.trick If the neighbours do not give any sweets,the children might play a _ on them.(回归 课本P2) 观察思考 He knew he had been tricked,but it was too late. 他知道自己被骗了，但为时已晚。 No one could work out how I did the card tricks. 没有人能识破我的纸牌戏法。,trick,Sh

13、e has a trick of raising her eyebrows at the end of a question. 她有一个习惯，在提问题结束时总要扬起眉毛。 归纳总结 trick _; n._。 play a trick/tricks on sb.捉弄某人 have a trick of doing sth.有做某事的习惯 trick sb.into doing sth.哄骗某人做某事 trick sb.out of sth.骗取某人某物 laugh at sb.嘲笑某人 look down upon sb.歧视某人,v.欺骗,诈骗,诡计;恶作剧;窍门;习惯,即学即用 (1)对你

14、自己的朋友开这种玩笑太过分了。 What a nasty _ whos supposed to be your friends! (2)妈妈骗我吃了药。 Mother _ the medicine.,trick to play jokes on someone,tricked me into taking,5.admire China and Japan have midautumn festivals, when people _ the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.(回归课本P2) 观察思考 I have to admire Wang Nan fo

15、r her persistence. 我不得不佩服王楠那种坚韧的精神。 The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching. 这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。 I have just been admiring your new car. 我刚才一直在观赏你的新轿车。,admire,归纳总结 admire _。 admire oneself自我欣赏 admire ones sth.钦佩某人的某方面 admire sb.for sth.因某事钦佩或羡慕某人 admiration n.钦佩；赞赏 express admiration for

16、sb.对某人表示钦佩 have great admiration for sb.十分钦佩某人 with/in admiration心怀钦佩地,v.钦佩；赞美；欣赏,即学即用 (1)我确实佩服她自己一个人把孩子养大。 I really _ _ on her own. (2)他在相声方面的成就受人仰慕。 He _ his work on crosstalk.,admire the way she brought up her,child,was admired for,重点短语与句型 6.in memory of For the Japanese festival Obon，people shou

17、ld go to clean graves and light incense _ their ancestors.(回归课本P2) 观察思考 She set up the charitable funds in memory of her father. 她设立了慈善基金以纪念她的父亲。 China has held series of activities in memory of the people who gave their lives to the country. 中国已经举办了一系列活动以纪念那些为祖国献身 的人。,in memory of,归纳总结 in memory of

18、意为：_。 (1)to the memory of=in memory of为了纪念 have a good/bad memory for sth.善于记/不 善于记 bring back good memories引起对美好往事的回忆 within sb.s memory就某人记忆所及 (2)相似短语： in favor of支持，赞同；对某人有利 in face of面临，面对 in honour of为纪念；祝贺；为了向 表示敬意,纪念；追念,in need of需要 in place of代替 in case of万一 in charge of负责；掌管 in search of寻找

19、即学即用 (1)他写了这首诗以纪念在四川地震中死去的人们。 He wrote a poem _ _ those who died in the Sichuan Earthquake. (2)并非每个人都善于记英语单词。 Not everyone _ English words.,to the memory of/in memory,of,has a good memory for,7.hold ones breath Well,he was not going to _ for her to apologize.(回归课本P7) 观察思考 I just held my breath and p

20、rayed I wouldnt be found. 我只是屏住呼吸，祈求自己不被找到。 We held our breath while Mr.Evans read the exam results. 埃文斯先生宣读考试成绩时，我们都屏息静听。,hold his breath,归纳总结 hold ones breath意为：_。 at a breath一口气地 below/under ones breath小声地，悄悄地 catch ones breath屏息；喘口气 draw breath呼吸；休息一下 get ones breath喘过气来;恢复正常 in a/one breath一口气地

21、;一瞬间 in the same breath同时，异口同声地 lose ones breath喘不过气来 out of breath喘不过气来的(地),屏息，屏气,save ones breath不要白费口舌 take sb.s breath away令人惊叹，让人叹绝 take breath喘口气;歇会儿 即学即用用breath的相关短语填空 (1)After the long race,the girl _ _. (2)The child _ at the sight of the snake.,lost her,breath,held his breath,8.turn up But

22、she didnt _.(回归课本P7) 观察思考 There is no need to bookjust turn up on the night. 没有必要预订，只要那天晚上来就行。 Dont turn the TV upIm trying to read. 别把电视声音开大，我正想看点书呢。 归纳总结 turn up意为：_。 turn down关小；调低；拒绝 turn off关上；转弯 turn out生产，制造；结果是,turn up,出现，到场；开大,turn over翻转；交付；反复考虑 turn to求助于；转向 turn around回转 turn against背叛；反

23、抗 turn in上交；欺骗 turn on打开；转开 turn away不准入内；走开 即学即用 (1)他仍然在希望会有机会出现。 Hes still hoping something _. (2)我确信这件事最终会有好结局的。 Im sure it will _ well in the end.,will turn up,turn out,9.keep ones word She said she would be there at seven oclock,and he thought she would _ _.(回归课本P7) 观察思考 I hope you will always

24、keep your word. 我希望你能始终遵守你的诺言。 She kept her word to visit him. 她遵守诺言去看了他。,keep her,word,归纳总结 keep ones word意为：_。 break ones word失信 keep/break ones promise守信/失信 a man of ones word有信用的人 eat ones words收回前言；认错道歉 get a word in插话 have a word with.与谈一谈 have words with sb.about sth.因某事与某人争吵 in a word一句话，简而言

25、之,守信用,leave word留言；留信 send word捎信 respect ones word守信 take back ones words收回某人的话 in other words换句话说 即学即用 (1)I _(向你保证) that Ill keep it a secret. (2)He always _(信守诺言)；he is (守信用的人).,give you my word,keeps his word,a man of his word,10.Some festivals are held to honour the dead or satisfy the ancestor

26、s,who might return either to help or to do harm.有些 节日,是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足, 因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮 助,也有可能带来危害。 典例体验 I left it _ on the table in the drawer. 我不是把它放在桌子上,就是把它放在抽屉里了。 _ you the headmaster is going to attend the meeting. 你或者是校长，去参加那个会议。,either,Either,or,or,归纳总结 句中的either.or.是“_”之 意，是一个连词词组，用来连

27、接两个相同的成分,表 示“两者选一”的意思。当either. or.连接两 个主语时,要注意主语和谓语动词在人称和数上的一 致性。通常的规则是:谓语动词要和_ 在人称和数上保持一致，即_原则。 当either.or.,neither.nor.,not only. but also.,not.but.等连接两个主语时，其 谓语动词通常和邻近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。,或者或者,邻近的那个主语,就近一致,即学即用 (1)你和他有一方完全正确。 _ is wholly right. (2)不仅他的父母,而且他最好的朋友都鼓励他出国。 _ _ encourages him to go abroad.

28、,Either you or he,Not only his parents but also his best,friend,【例1】Schools across China are expected to hire 50，000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers,almost three times the number hired last year, _reduce unemployment pressures. (江苏高考) A.help B.to have helped C.to help D.having hel

29、ped 解析 根据句意可知此处应该选动词不定式作目的 状语。 课文原文 Festivals can also be held _ _.,考题回扣,C,to honour famous,people,【例2】The traffic is heavy these days.I _ arrive a bit late,so could you save me a place? (辽宁高考) A.can B.must C.need D.might 解析 句意为：近来交通拥挤,我可能会到得晚一 点，你能给我占个位子吗？表示不确定的推测用 might。can表示“可能”，把握性比might大;must 表

30、示“肯定”，是非常接近于事实的推断；need表 示“必要，需要”；三者均与句意不符。 课文原文 If the neighbours do not give any sweets， the children _ play a trick on them.,D,might,【例3】It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future. (天津高考) A.as B.which C.whether D.that 解析 句中it为形式主语,that引导的主语从句为 真正的主语。句意为：很明显对学生们来

31、说,他们 应当为未来做好充分的准备。 课文原文 It was obvious _ the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.,that,D,【例4】It just isnt fair;_I was working as a waiter last month，my friends were lying on the beach. (辽宁高考) A.whenever B.though C.for D.while 解析 句意为:这真不公平。上个月当我在做服务 员的时候,我的朋友们正躺在沙滩上。表示“与此 同时”用

32、while,引导时间状语从句。 课文原文 _ she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.,While,D,【例5】Excuse me,Marcia,a reporter from Vanity Fair _ all day.Could you speak to her now? (辽宁高考) A.phones B.has phoned C.has been phoning D.phoned 解析 句意为：对不起，玛西娅，一位来自Vanity Fair的记者一整天都在打电话,你现在能和她通话吗? 表示过

33、去开始的动作一直持续进行到现在用现在完成 进行时。题干中all day表示一段时间。 课文原文 _ for you for a long time!,C,Ive been waiting,有同学认为,并列句十分简单,就是将两个简单 句用并列连词连接起来。其实不然,在写作中,我们 必须认真分析两个被连接起来的简单句之间内在的 逻辑关系,然后选择恰当的并列连词,才能真正写出 质量好的并列句。请认真研读以下并列句,分析其逻 辑关系。试试看,如果用别的功能的并列连词替换, 逻辑关系是否仍然成立？,写作技能,如何写好并列句(二) 辨清不同功能的并列连词,1.He works hard,and he pl

34、ays hard too. 分析：在前一个分句的意思的基础上有递进。其 含义相当于： He not only works hard,but also plays hard. 或： He plays hard as well as works hard. 2.I was tired, but I felt happy. 分析：后一个分句的意思不是前一个分句意思的 顺接，而是出现转折的结果。 3.We stayed at home,for it was raining. 分析：后一个分句是对前一个分句的原因的补充。,4.It was cold,so we decided to stay at ho

35、me. 分析：后一个分句是前一个分句的结果。 5.Hurry up,or youll be late for class. 分析：后一个分句是与前一个分句的结果相反的 结果。 由以上分析可见，并列连词的选择也是要遵循句 子间的逻辑关系的，如果不小心，同样会犯逻辑 错误。,即时练习 请根据所给的句子的信息及所提供的并列连词完成 句子 1.You have to learn English,and. You have to learn English,and you must/ should learn it well. 2.You should read some English every d

36、ay,or. You should read some English every day,or you cant make much progress. 3.Many students do quite well in the recitation,but. Many students do quite well in the recitation, but they dont know how to use them properly in their writing.,4.Most of the students are afraid of speaking English in cla

37、ss,so. Most of the students are afraid of speaking English in class,so it is a good way to speak with your classmates after class. 5.Some students cant tell the difference between “thirteen” and “thirty”,for. Some students cant tell the difference between “thirteen” and “thirty”,for the two numbers

38、sound alike.,.品句填词 1.Many children s to death in Africa for lack of food. 2.They thought if they held some festivals, their a would be satisfied with what they had done. 3.The colour of our n flag is red with five yellow stars on it. 4.Under the leadership of our party,we finally got i from the othe

39、r countries.,自主检测,tarved,ncestors,ational,ndependence,5.At the beginning of the year,farmers usually have a lot of a work to do. 6.The c of some European countries are quite different from ours. 7.The w is a kind of fruit,which is quite famous in our city. 8.I hope you will always be e when having c

40、lasses. 9.Without the teachers p ,you cannot play with the computer in our class. 10.He cheated her，which she would never f .,gricultural,ustoms,atermelon,nergetic,ermission,orgive,.短语运用 throw away,turn up，apologize to，fall in love,get married,forgive oneself,hold ones breath,keep ones word 1.We inv

41、ited her to dinner but she hadnt _. 2.I must _ to you for not being able to meet you. 3.I cant _ for not seeing my mother before she died.,turned up,apologize,forgive myself,4.The whole country _ to see who would win the election. 5.I believe in him because he always _ _. 6.The young man _ with the

42、girl at first sight,and soon they got married. 7.They _ secretly,and they were very happy. 8.I shouldnt have _ the receipt.,held its breath,keeps,his word,fell in love,got married,thrown away,.完成句子 1.Many people _(饿死) because of the famine. 2.The children are _(玩得非 常高兴),and I hate to call them insid

43、e. 3.They built that monument _(纪 念) the peoples heroes. 4.If they are not given anything,the children might _(捣蛋).,starved to death,having so much fun,in memory of,play a trick,5.I remembered the whole thing,_ _ (好像它是昨天发生 的一样). 6.Im _(盼望见 到你) this summer vacation.,as though/if,it had happened yeste

44、rday,looking forward to seeing you,.单项填空 1.Mr.Alcott told me that fourfifths of the houses _. A.have been sold out B.had been sold out C.were sold out D.was sold out 解析 考查时态和语态。句意为：Mr.Alcott告诉 我五分之四的房子已经售出。主句是一般过去时 （told），从句所述的事发生在“过去”之前， 即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，房子是“被” 售出，用被动语态。,B,2.Eventually the governmen

45、t rebuilt the bridge _ the appeal and even the pressure of the public. A.in response to B.in favor of C.in place of D.in memory of 解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为:作为公众要求 甚至是压力的回应，政府最终重建了这座桥。in response to相当于as a response to，意思是 “作为的回应”。理解语境和准确把握短语的 意思是解决此题的关键。,A,3.In some parts of London,missing a bus means _ for a

46、nother hour. A.waiting B.to wait C.wait D.to be waiting 解析 考查mean的用法。mean to do sth.打算做 某事；mean doing sth.意味着。句意为：在 伦敦的某些地方，错过公交车意味着再等一小时。 故选A项。,A,4.She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined garden. A.visit B.paying a visit C.walk in D.walking in 解析 考查look forward to的用法。to是介词， 后用动名词形式，排除A

47、、C两项；pay a visit后 应加to,故只有D项正确。,D,5.It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to _. A.rewards B.prizes C.awards D.results 解析 考查名词辨析。reward回报，报答；prize 奖，奖金；award奖，奖品，奖金；result结果。 句意为:人们普遍认为小孩子学会做事是因为某些 行为会带来回报。故选A项。,A,6.We dont have to _ an invitation just b

48、ecause its for Friday night (date night) and we are supposed to be with our boyfriend or girlfriend. A.turn down B.turn up C.turn out D.turn in 解析 考查动词短语辨析。turn down拒绝；turn up出现；开大；turn out证明是，结果是；turn in上交。,A,7. _ is known to us all is that the old scientist，for life was hard in the past， still wor

49、ks very hard in his eighties. A.As;whom B.What;whom C.It;whose D.As;whose 解析 考查主语从句和定语从句。第一空用what引 导主语从句；第二空用whom引导定语从句,修饰先 行词the old scientist,意为“对他来说”。,B,8.Having retired from business,he now _ himself with the welfare of the disabled and lives a meaningful life. A.associates B.occupies C.charges

50、D.awards 解析 考查动词辨析。句意为:从生意场上退下来 以后,他就投身于残疾人事业,过着有意义的生活。 associate和有联系;occupy oneself with忙 于；charge要价；指控；award奖励。,B,9.We were all _ with the _ performance of our Chinese basketball players in the match against Spain. A.satisfying;satisfied B.satisfied;satisfied C.satisfied;satisfying D.satisfying;sa

51、tisfying 解析 be satisfied with.表示“对感到 满意”，所以第一空为satisfied，由于第二空修 饰事物作定语，表示“令人满意的”，所以用 satisfying。,C,10.This is your last chance to go abroad for further education.Dont _ it away. A.take B.keep C.put D.throw 解析 考查动词短语辨析。take away带走；keep away远离；put away收拾好；处理掉;throw away 扔掉；错过。根据句意知选D项。,D,11.Reportedly

52、 yesterday a group of American soldiers were walking along the road in Iraq when a bomb was _,three of whom were killed. A.set about B.set off C.set up D.set out 解析 考查set短语的用法。set about着手;开始; set off出发，动身；引爆；燃放;set up建立,设 立，创立；搭起，支起;set out动身,出发;着手， 开始。由题意知选B项。,B,12.Why _ you stay in the countryside

53、， where its not convenient to go shopping? But Ive found it rather valuable for my health. A.can B.must C.may D.shall 解析 考查情态动词must的用法。must在此表示特 定的语气和态度，意为“偏要，一定要”。,B,13.Eminent physicists from all over the world came to the USA to _ the centenial(一百 周年纪念) of Einsteins birth. A.congratulate B.challe

54、nge C.celebrate D.participate 解析 考查动词词义辨析。congratulate祝贺,后 常接人作宾语，并常与on连用。celebrate庆祝， 后常接日期、事情或场合；challenge挑战； participate参与，参加，后需加in。,C,14.It was hard for him to learn English in a family,in which _ of the parents spoke the language. A.none B.neither C.both D.each 解析 句意为：对他来说在家庭中学习英语很困 难，因为他父母都不会说这种语言。neither表示 两者都不。,B,15.What he said just now _ me of that American professor. A.mentioned B.informed C.reminded D.memorized 解析 考查动词辨析。句意为:他刚才说的话使我 想起了那位美国教授。句中需要的动词应该用于 v.+sb.of sth.结构中，而A、D不能用于此结构。 inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事，不合句意。 remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事或使某人想起某 事，符合句意。,C,返回,