轮语法复习从句及特殊句式.ppt

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1、二轮语法复习-三大从句,Leaning aims : At the end of the class , the ss will be able to 1.know the definition of the three clauses. 2.master the skills of how to choose the proper conjunctions in context. 3.use three clauses freely in real situations.,定语从句解题策略 方法1 从句成分分析法 引导定语从句的连词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在从句中作主语，宾

2、语，表语或定语；关系副词在从句中作状语。解题时先对从句进行分析，确定从句中所缺的成分，然后根据所缺成分选择关系代词或关系副词。 1 Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet_ life has developed gradually.(2010 福建， 24) A that B where C which D whose 2 I have become good friends with several of the students in my school_ I met in the

3、English speech contest last year.(2010 湖南，28) A who B where C when D which,方法2 特殊先行词记忆法 当先行词是case, point, situation, condition 等且从句中不缺少主要成分时，从句用where 引导;先行词是occasion 时，从句常用when 引导；先行词是the way 且从句中不缺少主要成分时，用that 或in which 引导或省略关系词；先行词是reason 且从句中缺少状语时，用why 引导定语从句；当主句中出现as, so, such, the same 时，限制性定语从

4、句用as 引导。 Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? - You should try the barbers _I go. Its only $15.（2010，天津 ，8 ） A as B which C where D that,方法3 先行词还原法 在解答有关“介词+ 关系代词”类试题时，可把先行词代替关系词放到从句中，如果此句意思通顺，则为正确答案。 The newlybuilt caf, the walls of _are painted light green, is really a peaceful p

5、lace for us, especially after hard work.(2010 江苏，32) A that B it C what D which The walls of which= of which the walls/ whose walls,名词性从句解题策略 法1 从句类型判断法 -根据从句在整个句子中的位置，判断从句类型，然后再确定引导该从句的连词。 1 Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew_ she was so angry.(2010 湖南，35) A

6、 where B whether C that D why 2 One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.( 2010 上海，36) A that B how C what D why,法2 从句成分分析法 引导名词性从句的连词分三类： that 在从句中不担任成分，本身无意义； Whether /if 本身有意义，在从句中不担任成分 Wh类及how, as if, because 等，本身有意义，在从句中担任成分。

7、 What, which, who, whom, whose 等在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等； When, where, why, how, because 等在从句中作状语。通过分析从句，可以知道从句是否缺成分，缺什么成分，从而确定连词的种类。 As a new graduate, he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here.(2010 天津 14 ) A how B what C when D which 2 How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on_

8、he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.(2010 四川 14) A what B who C how D why,方法3 关注特殊形式的名词性从句 感叹词引导的宾语从句和because, as if 引导的表语从句。 1 Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future. A that B how C such D so 2 We have missed the bus. It looks _ well have to w

9、alk home. A that B likely C even if D as if,状语从句 方法1 掌握连词意义，判断从句类型 从句类型不同，引导从句的连词也不同。选择连词的前提是确定从句的类型。要确定从句类型，就要正确翻译句子。翻译正确就能够判断出该从句是状语从句中的哪一种，选择也就很容易了。 1 Tim is in good shape physically_ he doesnt get much exercise. (2010 湖南 32) A if B even if C unless D as long as 2 Because of the heavy traffic, it

10、 was already time for lunch break _ she got to her office.(2010 四川 20) A since B that C when D until,方法2 区分常用句型结构 英语中有些固定句型，需要用不同的连词来引导，熟记这些句型，有时启到事半功倍的作用。如 It is/has been+一段时间+ since .; It is/was +具体时间点+when; It will be /was +一段时间+ before. It is /was +时间状语+ that . 等 1 john thinks it wont be long _

11、he is ready for his new job.(2010 陕西 20 ) A when B after C before D since 2 I will put the book _ you placed it and make a mark at the place_ I put it . A where; at which B at which ; at which C where; which D at which ; where,句子类型与特殊句式 方法1 分析句型结构，注意特殊句式 在一些试题中要注意区别一些特殊的句型，如倒装句，强调句，反以疑问句，祈使句等，特别注意强调

12、句型的一般疑问句，特殊疑问句形式。 1 It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. (2010 安徽 27) A where B that C when D which 2 Johns success has nothing to do with good luck . It is years of hard work _ has made him what he is today. (2010 湖南 25 ) A why

13、B when C which D that,方法2 还原特殊句型，显现本来面目 一般说来，对于一些特殊的句型，我们可以把它还原为正常的句型，如把倒装句还原为陈述句，把省略句补全等。 1 The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _ regularly , can improve our health.(2010 ，浙江8) A being carried out B carrying out C carried out D to carry out 2. -Is everyone here? - Not yet. Look

14、, there_ the rest of our guests! A come B comes C is coming D are coming,【变式训练】 1) _ is known to us all is that the old worker, for_ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies 2)_ is known to us all that the old worker, _ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies

15、 3) _ is known to us all, the old worker, _ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies.,It,What,whose,whom,1._ is known to us all is that the old worker, _ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies.,What,whose,As,whose,Tips,Challenge yourself！,Consolidation: 1 He

16、 desires to be_ is referred to as a hacker-he likes to show off the Internet and attack websites. A what B who C that D whoever 2 -What were you trying to prove to the police? -_ I was last night. A That B When C Where D What 3.“I was not aware.” she said in a trembling voice, “_ someone was followi

17、ng me .” A where B whether C how D that 4. Id like to sit near the window, _ I can see what has happened outside. 5.The boy climbed on the top of the house,_ he could see the enemy in the distance .,from where,from where,6. Mary , I would like to introduce to you the boy_ I talked a moment ago. A to

18、 her sister B to whose sister C whose sister D to whom sister 7.-We have been very busy and tired recently. -Yes. Lets try to find an occasion_ we can have a rest and get relaxed. A when B where C which D that 8. I planted ten trees in my yard five years ago,_ have grown tall and strong. A all of th

19、em B all of which C and all of which D but all of them,9. The term “baby boom” most often refers to the period from 1946 to 1964 in the United States , _ about 78.3 million Americans were born. A during the time B during which time C during whose time D and during which time 10. They went through ma

20、ny challenges,_ were rooted in the customs and traditions of the local people. A of which the most difficult B and the most difficult of which C the most difficult of them D but the most difficult of them 11. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30pm_ many people have gone home.,by

21、which time,12.The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out. All of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom 13. He wrote a lot of novels,_ regarded as masterpieces. A. dozens of which B. dozens of them C. a dozen of which D. dozens of that 14.Where did you get to know her?

22、-It was on the farm _ we worked. 15. -Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree? - Of course, I have. It was in our village_ it was made. A. that B. where C. when D. which 16.It was in the remote mountains areas_ I spent the gap year_ I learned how to work with a group of strangers and how to l

23、ook after myself. A. where; that B. when; that C. where; when D. that; where,where,众所周知，中国有960万平方公里的土地，是世界第三大国。中国有很多河流，长江和黄河是最重要的河流。曾有一段时间，中国的经济落后于世界的许多国家。随着科技的发展，中国人被歧视的日子一去不复返，所有的中国人都为此感到自豪。 As is known to all, China covers more than 9.6million square kilometers, which is the third largest country

24、 in the world. Besides, there are many big rivers in China, the most important of which are the Yangze River and the Yellow River. There was a time when Chinese economy was far behind other countries in the world. However , with the development of science and technology, the days are gone forever wh

25、en we were looked down upon, of which all Chinese are proud.,连接词 从属连词:_ 连接代词_ 连接副词:_ 名 主语从句 1.一个_做主语 2 it做形式主语的主要句式：_ 词 性 宾语从句： it做形式宾语：常见的动词：_ 造句：_ 从 同位语从句与 that引导的 _从句是不完整的，关系代词 定语从句的区别 在句中充当成分；而_中的that只起连接 作用，同位语从句一般跟在一些常见的抽象名词： _等后 句 Whether/if 的区别1_2_3_4_ 思考：还有哪些补充？,that, whether(if),which, wha

26、t, who, whom, whose,whichever-,where, when, why,how,wherever,-,句子,It +be +adj+that- n done happen/seem,like,dislike,enjoy, love,hate,depend on, see to,定于从句,同位语从句,idea, fact, truth,promise,word, plan,what/that; what/ which,分析句子结构 1、（14江苏完型）She suggested that Dale join the debating team, believing tha

27、t practice in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed. 2、（14江苏阅读B）By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: theres

28、 no such thing as a free lunch. 3、（14重庆阅读E）“We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be. ,宾语从句,宾语从句,定语从句,宾语从句,宾语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,4、We all breathed a sigh of relief when the news came that no one was injured in the accident. 5、what teenagers dont realize is how di

29、fficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.,同位语从句,主语从句,表语从句,1、（2014重庆卷 ）Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? Yeah, but I have no idea _he did it; thats one of his favorite universities. A. when B. Why C. that D. how 2、（2014四川卷） Grandma pointed to the hospit

30、al and said, Thats _ I was born. A. when B. how C. why D. where 3、（2014天津卷） I think _ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. A. what B. that C. which D. who 4、（2014浙江卷） “Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _ my mother used to tell me. A. what B. how C. that D. whet

31、her 5 _ at present is that we should be devoted to our study. 目前我们应该去做的就是要努力学习。,What we should do now is to study hard,6With the rapid development of science, I cant imagine _ in ten years.(what) 随着科技的快速发展，我无法想象十年后我的家乡会是什么样子。 7What my father often tells me is _ a girl shine is not her looks but her

32、personality. (make) 我父亲经常告诉我：让一个女孩儿耀眼的不是她的外表而是她的个性。 8 The news _ _ makes us happy. 高考快要来临了的消息让我们很高兴。,what my hometown will be,what makes,that the national exam is coming,Writing Read the following article and try to drill the sentence structure given Scientistsfindthathardworkingpeoplelivelongerthan

33、averagemenandwomen.Careerwomenarehealthierthan housewives. Evidenceshowsthatwhenevertheemployment rate（就业率）increasesby1%, thedeath rateincreasecorrespondingly(相应地) by2%. Allthiscomesdowntoonepoint:workishelpfultohealth. Researchesshowthatpeoplefeelunhappy,worriedandlonelywhentheyhavenothingtodo.Bywo

34、rk,peoplecomeintocontactwitheachother. Thelossofworkmeansthelossofeverything.Itaffectsmanspirituallyandmakeshimlikelytodisease.,Drill the following sentence patterns : (1)大意概括 The essay highlights the importance that- The passage argues in support of-,stating that- The article points out the common phenomenon that-, which-,学以致用,(2)正文部分 What attracts me most is that- Its advisable/advised that- Ill appreciated it if - Its even better if- Its a pity that- Everyone should see to it that- From the above analysis, we may arrive at the conclusion that-,学以致用,