高考英语语法专题-状语从句

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1、语法专题状语从句1. 状语从句的类型：1) 时间状语从句：常见引导词有： when：表示主句和从句的动作同时或先后发生，强调点，表“就在那时；突然”。while：常表示延续性动词或状态；while也可表示对比的转折。as soon as： 表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。hardly / scarcely when；no sooner than：表示“还没来得及就；刚就”。directly, immediately, instantly：副词当连词用，表示“一就”。the moment, the minute, the second：充当连词，等于when / as soon as

2、。each time, every time, next time, by the time等：也可以引导时间状语从句。since：引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。常用句型：It is + 段时间 + since从句，“自从有多长时间了”。until：常与not连用，表示“直到才”；Not until置于句首时，主句要部分倒装；在It is / wasthat / who强调结构中，须连在一起。2) 让步状语从句：常见引导词有：although, though, even if, even though, as等。 3) 原因状语从句：常见引导词有：because：

3、常用于回答why, 语气最强；强调原因，常与just, only等起强调作用的副词连用；可引导表语从句。for：是个并列连词，一般不放在句首，常表示一种推测或解释，或用作附加说明，语气弱。as, since：常译为“既然、由于”，表示十分明显的原因，语气较弱。now that：表示“既然”的意思。4) 地点状语从句：常见引导词有：where, wherever等。5) 目的状语从句：常见引导词有：that, so that, in order that等。目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句。不可置于句首。目的状语从句还可以用动词不定式来替换。6) 结果状语从句：常见

4、引导词有：that, so that, so that, such that 等。7) 方式状语从句：由as, as if(though)等引导。8) 比较状语从句：由than, as等引导。9) 条件状语从句：由if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, once, a far as, on condition that等引导。2. 注意：1) 主将从现规则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句中，若主句用一般将来时，或是祈使句，或是含有情态动词的谓语形式，从句则用一般现在时表示将来时，如：You can join our club whe

5、n you get a bit older.2) 疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别：疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句和让步状语从句；no matter + 疑问词，只能引导让步状语从句。习题演练:1. _ we gave him something to eat, he would save it up for his little sister. A. Whatever B. However C. Whenever D. Whichever2. Hard-working though he was, _ there was never enough money

6、to pay the bills. A. / B. And C. but D. therefore3. Much hard _ he tried，he flailed to catch up with the first runner. A. although B. As C. while D. when4. I got in touch with Charles _ I received his letter. A. when immediately B. Soon C. immediately D. suddenly5. We were just _ calling you up _ yo

7、u came in. A. about; when B. on the point of; whileC. on the point of; when D. on the point of; as6. Most of his great novels and plays were not published or known to the public _ his tragic (悲剧) death in 1786. A. even before B. ever since C. until after D. until before7. Mr. Saddam Hussein had to g

8、o with the American soldiers, _ . A. no matter he likes or not B. no matter he should like it or not C. no matter whether he likes or not D. no matter he may like it or not8. _ , I have to put it away and focus (集中)my attention on study this week. A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing

9、 the story is C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing9. Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, _ they hunt them for food. A. if B. While C. unless D. as10. _ he thought he was helping us with the work, he was actually in the way. A. Althou

10、gh B. Unless C. Because D. When11. Babies sleep l6 to l8 hours in every 24 hours, and they sleep less _ they grow older. A. while B. As C. when D. after12. I have been keeping the portrait _ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my childhood in Paris. A. since B. Where C. as D. if13. _

11、your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided. A. Having checked B. Check C. If you check D. To check14. I would never speak to someone like that _ they said something unpleasant to me. A. even if B. so that C. as if D. ever since 15. Did you remember to return the book to our En

12、glish teacher? Yes. I gave it to him _ I saw him. A. once B. While C. if D. the moment16. A warning news report from Qatar announces that a group of Islam will continue to kill Americans wherever they are _ they leave the Arab world forever. A. even though B. in case C. whenever D. until17. May I go

13、 now? _ youve finished your work, you may go. A. After B. Although C. Now that D. As soon as18. _ I live there are plenty of sheep. said the boy _ pride. A. Where; with B. When; in C. That; in D. Why; with19. He seemed to have been asleep, so I said nothing, but sat _ he would see me _ waking. A. wh

14、ether; when B. that；when C. which；where D. where；when20. It will be five years _ we meet again. A. since B. Until C. before D. when21. Never lose heart _ difficulty you may meet with. A. what B. Whatever C. how D. however22. _ we are allowed _ , we cant drink any beer. A. As long as; to do B. If; to

15、 C. Unless; to D. On condition that; doing so23. You can still find bones of the birds _ they used to live. A. in which B. in the place C. where D. that24. How can they learn anything _ they spend all their spare time watching TV?A. where B. When C. while D. but25. _ I admit that there are problems,

16、 I dont agree that they cannot be solved. A. While B. If C. As D. Unless26. “_ my feet remain standing above the water level, there is hope.” said the captain. A. Where B. Even if C. While D. Although答案详解：1. A. 因为gave后面已经有表示物的直接宾语了，排除代词A、C、和D。however意为“无论如何”；whenever意为“每当”，根据句意，只有选C，意义才通。2. A. 因为前面已

17、经连词though了，所以不再需要连词了。Hard-working though he was=Although he was hard-working。3. B. 因为as引导让步状语从句，要求将从句的表语或状语等放到句首。而although, while表示让步时，都用正常语序；另外，though引导的让步状语从句，其表语或状语等可提前也可不提前。4. C. 因为immediately, instantly, directly和the moment, the instant, the minute等都可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。5. C. 因为表示“正要做某

18、事时，突然又发生另一件事”的句型是：was /were just about to do sth. whendid或was /were just on the point of doing sth. whendid6. C. 因为notuntil“直到才”，再接before语意上不通，要用after。7. C. 因为no matter后一定要接疑问词或whether。8. C. 引导状语从句时no matter how=however，其后接形容词或副词，只有C正确。9. C. unless“除非、如果不”。句意是：大多数动物与其它不同种类的动物都没有什么联系，除非是把它们猎为食物。10. A

19、. 句意是：虽然他认为他在帮我们做工，但事实上他是在挡事。11. B. 表示主、从句的谓语动词同时变化的“随着”只能用as。12. B. 因为keep the portrait (把照片放在)后面一定是指所放的“地方”了，所以用where (在的地方) 引导一个地点状语从句。13. C. 因为非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，mistakes不能check，排除A和D；若用B，则前后是两个句子，又无连词，排除B。14. A. 只有先A，前后意义才通：even if即使、纵然；so that为了、以便；as if. 好象；ever since从(那时)到现在。15. D. 因为the mome

20、nt可作连词，与as soon as相当(from )。16. D. until (直到)与肯定句连用，引出的时间是主句谓语动词结束的时间。even though即使；in case以防万一；whenever每当、无论何时。17. C. 因为now that =since“既然”。18. A. 因为with pride (骄傲地) 是固定短语；where (在的地方) 引导一个地点状语从句，19. D. 由where引导一个地点状语从句，表示坐 (sat) 的地方；后面是带有连词的现在分词作时间状语，when waking=when he woke。20. C. 因为It will be +时

21、间段+ before是固定句式，意为“过之后才”。句意是：要过五年之后，我们才会再次见面。21. B. 因为whatever = no matter what引导一个让步状语从句，并作difficulty的定语。句意是：你无论遇到什么困难，也决不要灰心丧气。22. C. 句意是：如果不允许我们喝啤酒，我们就不能喝。23. C. 因为无先行词，不是定语从句，而是由where引导的一个地点状语从句。句意是：在它们过去居住的地方，你仍然可以找到鸟的骨头。24. B. 题中when=since既然。句意是：既然他们把所有的空闲时间都用来看电视了，他们还能学到什么呢？25. A. 因为while可以表示让步，与although相当，意为“虽然”。26. C. 因为while有“只要”之意，与as long as相当。又如：While there is life, there is hope. 只要有生命，就会有希望。/留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。