情态动词表推测的讲解及练习题

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1、表推测时，英语中只使用must,may,might,may not和cant。这五个表达的语气依次递减：must:一定（语气肯定）may：也许（不很肯定）might：或许（比may语气更弱）may not：也许不（表否定）cant：一定不（must的反义）推测现在的事情用must,may,might,may not和cant+do或bee.g.She must be at home now. The boy may play now.推测过去的事情用must,may,might,may not和cant+have donee.g.She might have been ill yesterda

2、y. He must have hold the party.情态动词must, can, could, may, might表推测的用法 情态动词中的must, can, could, may, might都表推测。其中must的可能性最大，can / could次之，may / might最小。具体用法如下：1.must的用法（1）表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他准是个美国人。（2）must表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”

3、的意思时，应用cant,如询问某种可能时，应用can。He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址。（一定） He cant know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）Can he know my address? 他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）（3）must表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。He must have a car now. （现在）他一定有辆小汽车。He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。He must have f

4、inished the work.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。注：must表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用Its certain / Im sure that he will come tomorrow.（4）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。 He must be a worker, isnt he? （现在）他准是个工人，是吗？It must have rained last night, didnt it? （过去）昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？Y

5、ou must have learned English for many years, havent you? （完成时）你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？2.can / could的用法（1）can表示推测“可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。Cant“一定不”，语气很肯定。can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”。用于肯定句时，表示理论上的，潜在的可能性（有倾向，实际上未必会发生或者不涉及实际是否发生）往往与sometimes 或者 someone 有关。Accidents can happen. He cant be at home. = It is impossible that he is a

6、t home. 他一定不在家。（2）can /cant后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。They cant be reading in the library. 他们一定不在图书馆读书。He cant have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago. 他不可能去了上海，我刚才还看见他。Its so late. Where can she have gone? 天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？（3）在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的cant时，疑问部分的助动词应与cant后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致

7、.He cant be a teacher, is he? 他不是教师，是吗？She cant have finished her homework, has she? 她一定没有完成家庭作业，是不是？could可用于表示某事有可能发生表示可能性不大的推测。意思相当于may/might Dont eat it. It could be poisonous. 不要吃它，可能有毒。The plane could be delayed by fog. 飞机可能会因为雾晚点。 （5）could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。Excuse me, could you tell me the w

8、ay to the bus station?Could you help me?（6）couldnt表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。It couldnt possibly be poison. 这不可能是毒药。表示对过去发生的事推测，常常和have done 连用He was not at home last night . He could/ might have gone to movies. I didnt see her at the meeting yesterday; she couldnt have spoken at the meetin

9、g. 3. may和might的用法（1）may, might表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“可能”、“也许”，语气没有 must肯定。He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American.他可能是个美国人。注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。（2）may, might表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也许不”，但不用于疑问句。He may / might not be at home. 他也许不在家。（3）may, might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。He

10、 may / might be sleeping now. （现在）他可能正在睡觉。The boy may / might not be watching TV at home. （现在）这个男孩可能没在家看电视These students may / might have seen the film before.（过去）这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。（4）may, might还可以推测将来的情况。I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain. 我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。She might not come this af

11、ternoon. 她今天下午可能不来一、单项选择1 John_ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. may B. need C. cant D. must 2 John isnt in the classroom. He play soccer on the playground with Bob. A. can B. must C. should D. cant3 That _not be her husband . She is still single. A. may B.can C. could D. might

12、4 You_ go and see a doctor at once because you got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would5 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I_. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not 6 -He_ be in the classroom, I think. -No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. can; may not B. must; may not C. m

13、ay; cant D. may; mustnt 7 -Is Lena swimming in the pool? -No, she swim. She is terrified of water.A. may not B. must not C. cant D. neednt8 He isnt at school. I think he _ be ill.A. can B. shall C. must D. might9 -What do you think “upset” means? - Im not sure. It mean “sad”.may B. must C. can D. sh

14、ould 10 The children_ play football on the road. cant B. can C. mustnt D. must 11.The road is wet . It _last night.A must rain B must have rained C could have rained D can have rained 12 .He _you more help , even though he was busy .A might have given B might not give C may not have given D may give

15、 1. Look! The light is out in her room. She to bed already. A. must go B. had to go C.must have gone D.has gone 2. We had a wonderful time yesterday. You .Why didnt you come? A. had to come B.should have come C.might have come D.must have come 3. There were already five people in the car but they ma

16、naged to take me as well. It_ a comfortable journey.A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been4. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attendedC. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended5

17、. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word.A. mustnt leave B. Shouldnt have left C. Couldnt have left D. neednt leave6. Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach,I_ so much fried chicken just now.A. shouldnt cut B. mustnt have eaten C. shouldnt have eaten D. mustnt eat7. Mr.White _ at

18、8:30 for the meeting, but he didnt show up.A. should have arrived B. should arrive C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving8. You _ be tired - youve only been working for an hour.A. must not B. won t C. can t D. may not9. - Isn t that Anns husband over there?- No, it _ be him -Im sure he doe

19、snt wear glasses.A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not10. There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.A . mustnt B. shant C. shouldnt D.neednt11. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _ at lease 150

20、 km an hour.A. should have been doing B. must have been doingC. could have done D. would have done12. He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. cant13. - The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 yea

21、rs before she returned.- Oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties!A. may go through B. might go throughC. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through14. This cake is very sweet. You _ a lot of sugar in it.Ashould put Bcould have put Cmight put Dmust have put15. Catherine, I have cleaned the ro

22、om for you.Thanks. You it. I could manage it myself.Aneednt do Bneednt have done Cmustnt do Dshouldnt have done16.Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?Something _ to him.Amust happen Bshould have happened Ccould have happened Dmust have happened情态动词+have done 结构1-You didnt wait for Mr.

23、 Smith last night, did you?-No, but we _. He didnt return home at all.A. couldnt have waited B. neednt haveC. didnt need to D. should wait2Harry _ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday, but he gave up.A. could B. might C. should D. must3-May I speak to your manager Mr. Smith at six ocloc

24、k tonight ?”-“Im sorry, Mr. Smith to a conference before then.”A. will have gone B. had gone C. would have gone D. has gone4-Tom took away our teachers cell phone without being permitted.- Really? I cant imagine that he _ have done such a thing.A. must B. may C. can D. should6The weather turned out

25、to be fine yesterday. I_ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me .A. should have taken B. could have takenC. neednt have taken D. mustnt have taken7He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free.A. could B. would C. must D. need8I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning. She at themeeting .

26、A. mustnt have spoken B. mightnt have spokenC. cant have spoken D. shouldnt have spoken9- Hi, is that Peter Brown?-Sorry. You _ the wrong number .A. must dial B. must have dialed C. should dial D. should have dialed10I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car . They _ at l

27、east 150 kilometers an hour .A. should have been doing B. must have been doingC. could have done D. would have done1. He is not poor. You _ have lent him the money.A. cant B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt2. There was plenty of time. You _ have hurried.A. wont B. mustnt C. neednt D. couldnt3.He paid fo

28、r a seat, when he _ have entered free. (05 山东)A. could B. would C. must D. need- On, it _ my brother, Peter.A. must be B. must have been C. can have been D. might be4. I _ here in time, but I met an old friend of mine. I stopped and talked with him for some time.A. shouldnt have come B. must have comeC. neednt have come D. could have come5. They _ have finished the work yesterday, but it was raining hard.A. must B. could C. should D. might1.Something _ to him. ( 05江西 22题 )A. must happen B. should have happened C. could have happenedD. must have happened