2013年语法知识第2讲冠词.ppt

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1、第2讲,冠词,一、用适当的冠词填空,the,the,a,/,the,1Could you tell me _ answer to this question? 2 Pass me _ dictionary next to the radio, and I also need _ pen to write something. 3 Fred likes playing _ football.But he doesnt like,playing _ piano.,the,the,4 He himself is very rich.However, he often says _ rich shou

2、ld help _ poor.,a,the,The,a,an,The,/,5 Jim is now making _ kite.Hes going to fly _ kite after lunch. 6_ woman in a purple skirt is Bettys mother. 7Miss Liu has _ cold today. 8The car can run two kilometers _ hour. 9_ Greens are watching _ TV. 10_ earth moves around _ sun.,The,the,playing pianoplayin

3、g the piano,二、单句改错,the fourth onea fourth one,1She likes playing piano instead of playing basketball. _ 2I have 3 books.I want to buy the fourth one. _ 3Mr.Yang goes to Shenzhen by a train._ 4Li Ming is a honest boy._ 5My brother often goes to the bed at 10._,去掉 a,aan,去掉 the,不定冠词的基本用法,1a 用于以辅音音素开头的单

4、数可数名词或名词短语前， an 用于以元音音素开头的单数可数名词或名词短语前。如：a,boy, a useful book, an apple, an uncle, an umbrella, an ugly man,an honest girl, an hour 等。,注意：不能把元音字母当成元音音素。如： ()There is an “u” in the word “ruler” ()There is a “u” in the word “ruler”,2泛指一类人或事物，或表示数量“一”的意思，但数的,概念没有 one 强烈。如：,A horse is a land animal.马是一种

5、陆栖动物。 This is a pencil.这是一支铅笔。 3指不具体的某个人或物。如：,I met a friend on my way home. 我在回家的路上遇到一位朋友。,4用在序数词前表示“又一，再一”，相当于 another。 如： He had failed twice, but he still wanted to try a third time. 他已失败了两次，但他还想试第三次。 5表示“每一(个)”，相当于 every。如：,three times a day,一天三次,twice a week 一星期两次 ten miles an hour 一小时十英里,6用在一

6、些固定搭配中。如：a bit, a lot of, a lot, a little, a few,a number of, a glass of, a quarter, half an hour, have a word with, have a look, have a try, have a swim, have a talk, have a rest, go for a walk, have a cold, in a word, have a good time, such/so/many,a/an名词，等等。 定冠词的基本用法,1表示特指或指谈话双方都知道的某(些)人或事物。如：,Wh

7、ere is the book I bought yesterday? 我昨天买的那本书在哪儿？,Take the medicine after meals.饭后服药。,2用于上文提到过，后面再次提到的人或事物。如：,He lives with a local family.The family is not big. 他跟当地的一户人家住在一起，这个家庭不大。,3用在世界上独一无二的事物(太阳、月亮、地球、天空、,世界、宇宙天体等)前。如：,The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大。,注意：当这些名词前面有描绘性定语时，可加不定冠词。,如：,Look! A

8、 red sun is rising.瞧！一轮红日正在升起。,元贝驾考网 元贝驾考科目四 科目一 科目三 仿真试题,4用在序数词或形容词最高级和部分比较级前。如：,The first computer is the cheapest of the three. 第一台电脑是三台中最便宜的。,Tom is the taller of the two boys.,汤姆是两个男孩中比较高的那个。 5用在乐器名词前。如：,play the piano/guitar/violin/drums,弹钢琴/弹吉他/拉小提琴/打鼓,6用在姓氏的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。如：,The Smiths are

9、 fishing in the park.,史密斯一家人/史密斯夫妇正在公园钓鱼。,7与复数名词连用，指整个群体。如：,They are the teachers of this school.,他们就是这所学校的全体老师。(指学校中所有老师),They are teachers of this school.,他们是这所学校的老师。(指学校中的部分老师),8用在形容词和单数名词前，表示某一类人或物。如：,the young/rich/poor/sick/deaf/dead/wounded,年轻人/富人/穷人/病人/聋人/死者/伤员,the horse/computer 马/电脑(强调这一种东

10、西),9用在由多个普通名词构成的党派、组织、机构等专有名 词前或江、河、湖、海、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾、运河、沙 漠、报刊等专有名词前。如：,the Great Wall,长城,the United States 美国,the United Nations the Summer Palace,联合国 颐和园,the Yangtze River 长江,10用在表示方向、方位的名词前。如：,the east 东方 the right 右边,the west 西方 the left 左边,11用在世纪或逢“十”的复数数词前，指某个世纪中的 几十年代。如： in the 1970s 在 20 世纪 7

11、0 年代 in the 18th century 在 18 世纪,12用在某些习惯用语中。如： in the morning 在早上/上午 in the end 在最后 in the day 在白天,in the middle of 在的中间 all the time 一直,by the way 顺便说说 on the way 在路上,hit sb.on the head 打某人的头,注意：,(1)当定冠词与 all, half, both, double 等词连用修饰名词时，,定冠词应放在这些词之后。如：,Look, all the books are here. 瞧，所有的书都在这儿。,(

12、2)当定冠词与表示倍数、分数的词连用时，需要放在这,些词之后。如：,The bed is three times the size of that one.,这张床是那张床的三倍大。,不用冠词的情况(零冠词),1在年、月、季节、星期、日期及某些节日前不用冠词。,如：,Its Sunday today.今天是星期天。,He was born on June 12th, 1999.,他出生于 1999 年 6 月 12 日。,Today is Mothers Day.今天是母亲节。,It isnt so cold in winter in Guangzhou. 广州的冬天没有那么冷。,注意： (1

13、)特指某年的季节或与 during 连用时用定冠词 the。如： in the winter of 2012 在 2012 年的冬天 (2)节日如果用“Festival”则要加冠词，如果用“Day”则不用 冠词。如：,the Spring Festival 春节,National Day 国庆节,2在三餐、球类运动、棋类游戏和学科名称前不用冠词。,如：,I like playing badminton and chess. 我喜欢打羽毛球和下国际象棋。,What do you have for breakfast? 你早餐吃什么？,注意：三餐前如有形容词修饰时也要用冠词。如：,After a

14、quick breakfast, I went to school. 我迅速吃了早餐就去上学了。,3当用 by 表示乘坐某种交通工具时，中间不用冠词。如： by bus/train/bike/air 乘公交车/乘火车/骑自行车/乘飞机 4在一些固定短语中不用冠词。如：,at home 在家 at noon 在中午,at night 在晚上 on foot 步行,by mistake 错误地 on time 按时；准时,in time 及时 day and night 日日夜夜,at work 在上班 in class 在课堂上,in surprise 吃惊地 on show 展览,go to

15、school 去上学,go to bed 上床睡觉,注意：,(1)序数词前面用定冠词与用不定冠词的区别：,“the 序数词”表示“第几”；“a序数词”表示,“又一，再一”。如：,The cake is delicious, and I would like a second one. 蛋糕很好吃，我想再吃一块。,(2)有些短语中，有冠词和无冠词的区别：,(,)1.(2012 年广东)_Greens are preparing for the,coming Thanksgiving Day.,A/,BA,CAn,DThe,D “the姓氏的复数”表示一家人或夫妇，故选 D。,(,)2.(2012

16、 年广东广州)Is this _ book you were,talking about yesterday? Yes, thank you very much.,A.a,B.an,C.the,D./,C “你们正在谈论的那本书”是特指，故选 C。,(,)3.(2012 年广东佛山)Was _ maths exam which,we took yesterday difficult?,Aa,Bthe,CAn,B 表示特指昨天参加的那个考试，故选 B。,(,)4.(2012 年广东河源)Its _ nice day, isnt it?,Yes, what _ fine weather!,Aa;

17、a Ca; /,Bthe; the Dthe; /,C day 是可数名词，表示“一个好天气”可用 a nice day; eweather 是不可数名词，故选 C。,(,)5.(2012 年广东茂名)It was _ autumn evening,when they met each other at last.,Aa,Ban,C/,B evening 是可数名词，泛指“某一个”用不定冠词，且 autumn 是以元音音素开头的单词，故选 B。,(,)6.(2011 年广东)I really like _ book you lent,me yesterday.,Aa,Ban,Cthe,D/,C

18、 表示特指“你昨天借给我的”那本书，用定冠词 the。 故选 C。,(,)7.(2011 年广东清远)Her daughter began to play,_ piano when she was five.Now shes very good at it.,Aan,Ba,Cthe,D/,C 表示演奏某种乐器时，乐器名称前要用定冠词 the，故 选 C。,(,)8.(2011 年广东佛山)In LA Lingling lived with,_ Smiths and got on well with the host family.,A. a,Bthe,C/,B “the姓氏复数”可以表示一家人

19、或夫妇二人，故选 B。,(,)9.(2011 年广东河源)Miss Liu wants to lose weight.She,just has _ cup of milk for _ breakfast every day.,Aa; the Cthe; a,Ba; / Dthe; /,B,“一杯牛奶”的表达为 a cup of milk；三餐前不加冠,词，故选 B。,(,)10.(2011 年广东深圳)Do you know _ girl,who is standing under _ tree? Of course! She is Lucy, my classmate.,Athe; the

20、Ca; /,Ba; a D/; the,A 表示特指“那个站在那棵树下的女孩”，用定冠词 the； 那棵树也是特指，故用 the。,(,)11.(2011 年广东茂名)I lost _ pen he gave me,yesterday, but now Ive bought _ new one.,A. a; the,Bthe; a,Ca; a,B 第一空特指“昨天他给我的那支钢笔”，故用 the；第 二空泛指“一支钢笔”，表示数量“一”，故用 a。,(,)12.(2010 年广东)Dont talk to Simon like that.He is just,_ eleven-year-old

21、 boy.,A. a,Ban,Cthe,D/,B 题意：不要那样对西蒙说话，他只是一个 11 岁的小男 孩。此处表示泛指，且后面 eleven-year-old 是以元音音素开头 的单词，故选 B。,(,)13.(2010 年广东湛江)What _ interesting,cat it is! Yes, I like it very much.,A. a,Ban,Cthe,D/,B,根据题意“多么有趣的一只猫！ ”可知表示数量,“一”，且 interesting 是以元音音素开头，故选 B。,金手指驾校 金手指驾驶员考试2016科目一 科目四,Grammar Focus,(,)14.(2010

22、 年广东梅州)Its _ pleasure to see,_ sun rising in _ east.,A. /; the; / Ca; the; the,Ba; /; / D/; the; the,C,第 一 空 考 查 “Its a pleasure to do sth.” 句 型 ， 其 中,pleasure 是抽象名词具体化，意为“一件愉快的事情”；第二空 表示独一无二的事物，要用定冠词 the；第三空表示方位，用定 冠词 the。故选 C。,(,)15.(2010 年广东深圳)_ apple a day keeps,the doctor away! What do you mean

23、? I have never heard of _ saying before.,AAn; a CA; the,BAn; the DA; a,B,题意：“一天一个苹果，医生远离我 ( 即身体,好)。”“什么意思？我以前从没听说过这个谚语。”第一空表 示数量“一个”，且 apple 是以元音音素开头，故用 an；第二 空特指上面提到的那条谚语，要用定冠词 the。故选 B。,(,)16.(2010 年广东茂名)In _ first photo, the man,is playing _ guitar.,A. the; the,Bthe; /,Ca; a,A 在序数词和表示乐器的名词前用定冠词 the。,(,)17.(2010 年广东佛山)Lao She was a very famous,writer and even _ young like his works.,A. the,B/,Ca,A 在形容词前加 the 表示这一类人。the young 年轻人。,