2011年山东高考英语试题及解析答案

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1、2019山东省普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）英语试题本试卷分第卷和第卷两部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、准考证号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2. 第卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3. 第卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按

2、以上要求作答的答案无效。第卷（共105分）第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节 语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.Take your time-its just_ short distance from here to_ restaurant.A.不填；the B. a; the C. the; a D.不填；a22.-Im sorry I broke the vase. -Oh,_. It wasnt very expensive.A. youd better not B.

3、 Im afraid not C. as you wishD. thats all right23.Find ways to praise your children often,_ youll find they will open their hearts to you.A. till B. or C. and D. but24.The two girls are so alike that strangers find_ difficult to tell one from the other. A. it B. them C, her D. that25.They are broade

4、ning the bridge to _ the flow of traffic. A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out 26.Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is_ her never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why 27.Look over there-theres a very long, winding path_ up to the house. A. leading B. leads C. l

5、ed D. to lead28. He had his camera ready_ he saw something that would make a good picture. A. even if B. if only C. in case D. so that 29.-Are you going to Toms birthday party -_.I might have to work.A. It depends B. Thank you C. Sounds great D. Dont mention it30.Im sorry I didnt phone you, but Ive

6、been very busy_ the past couple of weeks.A. beyond B. with C. among D. over31. When I got on the bus, I_ I had left my wallet at home. A. was realizing B. realized C. have realized D. would realize32.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other.A. they B. where C.

7、what D. that33.Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it.A. where B. what C. whether D. which34. Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.A. tradition B. balance C. concern D. relationship35. She was surprised to find the fr

8、idge empty; the child _ everything! A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D），选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I first went to hear a live rock concert when I was eight years old. My brother and his friends were all _36_ of a

9、 heavy metal group called Black Wednesday. When they _37_ that Black Wednesday were going to perform at our local theatre, they all bought _38_ for performance. However, at the last minute, one of the friends couldnt go, so my brother _39_ me the ticket. I was really _40_! I remember the buzz (嘈杂声)

10、of excitement inside the theatre as we all found our _41_ . After a few minutes, the lights went down and everybody became _42_. I could barely make out the stage in the _43_. We waited. Then there was a roar from the crowd, like an explosion, as the first members of the band _44_ the stage. My brot

11、her leaned over and shouted something in my ear, but I couldnt _45_ what he was saying. The first song was already starting and the music was as _46_ a jet engine. I could _47_ the drum beats and bass notes in my stomach.I cant recall any of the songs that the band played. I just _48_ that I really

12、enjoyed the show and didnt want it to _ 49_. But in the end, after three encores (加演), the show finished. We left the 50_ and walked unsteadily out onto the pavement. I felt a little dizzy, as if I had just 51_from a long sleep. My ears were still 52_with the beat of the last song.After the 53 , I b

13、ecame a Black Wednesday fan too for a few years before getting into other kinds of music. Once in a while, 54_, I listen to one of their songs and 55_Im back at that first show. 36. A. members B. friends C. fans D. volunteers37. A. guessed B. discovered C. thought D. predicted38. A. flowers B. drink

14、s C. clothes D. tickets39. A. booked B. offered C. returned D. found40. A. relaxed B. embarrassed C. excited D. encouraged41. A. seats B. entrance C. spots D. space42. A. comfortable B. quite C. serious D. nervous43. A. silence B. noise C. darkness D. smoke44. A. fell upon B. got through C. broke in

15、to D. stepped onto45. A. forget B. hear C. repeat D. bear46. A. loud B. heard C. sweet D. fast47. A. feel B. touch C. enjoy D. digest48. A. realize B. understand C. believe D. remember49. A. continue B. delay C. finish D. change50. A. party B. theatre C. opera D. stage51. A. escaped B. traveled C. b

16、enefited D. woken52. A. aching B. burning C. ringing D. rolling53. A. competition B. performance C. interview D. celebration54. A. though B. otherwise C. instead D. besides55. A. decide B. regret C. conclude D. imagine第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Art

17、hur Miller(1915-2019)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Miller s father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary,drawn like so many others by the“ Great American Dream”. However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruin

18、ed in the Great Depression of the early l930s. Millers s most famous play, Death of a Salesman , is a powerful attack on the American system ,with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman , the hero of the play, we see

19、a man who has got into trouble with his worth. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment : if he cant do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at loss as to what to do with

20、his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end. When it was first staged in 1949 ,the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews ,and it won the Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama Critics Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It w

21、as the first play to win all three of these major awards. Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut ,on the evening of February 10,2019,the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.56. Why did Arthur Miller s father move to the USA A. He suf

22、fered from severe hunger in his home country. B. He was attracted by the Great American Dream. C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist. D. His family business failed. 57. The play Death of a Salesman A. exposes the cruelty of the American business world B. discusses the ways to get promoted in a com

23、pany C. talks about the business career of Arthur Miller D. focuses on the skills in doing business58. What can we learn about Willy Loman A. He treats his employer badly. B. He runs the Wagner Company. C. He is a victim of the American system. D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.59. After

24、 it was first staged, Death of a Salesman A. achieved huge success B. won the first Tony Award C. was warmly welcomed by salesmen D. was severely attacked by dramatists60. What is the text mainly about A. Arthur Miller and his family. B. The awards Arthur Miller won. C. The hardship Arthur Miller ex

25、perienced. D. Arthur Miller and his best-known play.B Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo, New York-he in computers, she in special education. Teaching means everything to us, Tim would say. In April2019, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the k

26、ind of news that leads to some serious thinking about lifes purpose. Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Dolly Parton s foundation (基金会) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singers home town of Sevie

27、r, Tennessee. “I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire, Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk, as a reminder. Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on imagination library . The program had been opened up to part

28、ners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts.The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they went to Dollywood for a look-see. “We didnt want to give the children rubbish,” says Linda. The books-reviewed each year by teachers, literacy s

29、pecialists and Dollywood board members-included classics such as Ezra Jack Keatss The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdneys Llama Llama series.Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2019, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in th

30、eir in their area. Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative: “This program introduces us to books Ive never heard of .” The Richters spend about 400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people sit there and wait to die,” says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the tim

31、e they have left.”61What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of lifeA.His health problem.B.His love for teaching.C.The influence of his wife. D.The news from the Web.62.What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination LibraryA. Give out brochures. B .Do something similar.C. Write bo

32、oks for children D. Retire from being a teacher.63.According to the text, Dollly Parton is .A. a well-known surgeon B. a mother of a four-year-oldC. a singer born in Tennessee D .a computer programmer64.Why did the Richters go to DollywoodA. To avoid signing up online.B. To meet Dollywood board memb

33、ers.C. To make sure the books were the newest.D. To see if the books were of good quality.65.What can we learn from Tims words in the last paragraphA. He needs more money to help the children.B. He wonders why some people are so busy.C. He tries to save those waiting to die.D. He considers his effor

34、ts worthwhile.C Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21-year-old twin sons: a combination of savings, income, scholarships, and a modest amount of borrowing. Then her husband lost his job, and the plan fell apart. “I have two kids in college, and I want to s

35、ay come home, but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education,” says Jacobs.The Jacobs family did work out a solution: They asked and received more aid from the schools, and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (贷款) program. They will each

36、 graduate with $20,000 of debt, but at least they will be able to finish school. With unemployment rising, financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs. More students are applying for aid, and more families expect to need student loans. College administrators are concern

37、ed that they will not have enough aid money to go around. At the same time, tuition（学费）continues to rise. A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increased 439% from 1982 to 2019, while average family income rose just 147%. Student

38、 borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade, “If we go on this way for another 25years, we wont have an affordable system of higher education,” says Patrick M. Callan, president of the center. “The middle class families have been financing it through debt. They will send kids to college what

39、ever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.”Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them. The good news, however, is that federal loans account for about three quarters of stu

40、dent borrowing, and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted. 66.According to Paragraph 1 why did the plan of Jacobs family failA.The twins wasted too much money.B.The father was out of work.C.Their saving ran out D.The family fell apart.67. How did the Jacobs manage to solve their pro

41、blem A. They asked their kids to come home. B. They borrowed $20,000 from the school. C. They encouraged their twin sons to do part-time jobs. D. They got help from the school and the federal government.68. Financial aid administrators believe that _. A. more families will face the same problem as t

42、he Jacobses B. the government will receive more letters of complaint C. college tuition fees will double soon D. Americas unemployment will fall 69.What can we learn about the middle class families from the text A. They blamed the government for the tuition increase.B. Their income remained steady i

43、n the last decade. C. They will try their best to send kids to college.D. Their debts will be paid off within 25 years.70.According to the last paragraph, the government will . A. provide most students will scholarshipsB. dismiss some financial aid administratorsC. stop the companies from making stu

44、dent loansD. go on providing financial support for college studentsDSince the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.Recently, two researchers, Jose Milan

45、and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated（展示）a small robotic wheelchair directed by a persons thoughts.In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band. He could even talk as he watched the ve

46、hicle and guided it with his thoughts.“our brain has billions of nerve ceils. These send signals through the spinal cord （脊髓）to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says.

47、 “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorize

48、d wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain. Prof. Milan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The pra

49、ctical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefi

50、t from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.A. help to update computer systems B. link the human brain with computersC. help the disabled to recover D. control a persons thoughts 72. How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory A. By c

51、ontrolling his muscles. B. By talking to the machine. C. By moving his hand. D. By using his mind.73. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5 A. scalpcomputercapwheelchair B. computercapscalpwheelchair C. scalpcapcomputerwheelchair D. capcomputerscalpwheelchair7

52、4. The team will test with real patients to A. make profits from them B. prove the technology useful to them C. make them live longer D. learn about their physical condition75. Which of the following would be the best title for the text A. Switzerland, the BCI Research Center B. New Findings About H

53、ow the Human Brain Works C. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled D. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries 第卷(共45分)第四部分书面表达(共两节，满分45分)第一节阅读表达(第76题2分， 77、78、80题每题3分，第79题4分，满分l5分) 阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上(请注意问题后的词数要求)。 1 Do you spend over an hour each day texting messages to yo

54、ur friends Do you frequently ignore work, study, and other activities to check your phone for messages Are you anxious and restless if you are separated from your mobile phone Do you hardly ever use your phone to talk any more, and do your thumbs hurt from texting too much2 If , then it is very poss

55、ible that you are a textaholic. A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving messages. The main symptoms are a strong desire to text messages, which takes precedence (优先)over everything else, and bad moods, low spirits and a lack of self-confidence if messages fail

56、 to come in. The root of the problem, as with many addictions, is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relationship problems. Experts warn that text addiction is likely to become the most common form of addiction in the future, especially among the young. 3 So

57、 what can you do if you think you may be a textaholic The key is to get your life back in balance. Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive, and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasionally when you go out. Most importantly, make a point of spending quality time wi

58、th friends and family, and make time to re-learn the art of face-to-face conversation instead of conducting your relationships by means of text messages. Not only will you save time and money, but you may also rediscover the pleasure of true communication.76. How does the author introduce the topic

59、of the text (no more than 5 words)77. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)78. What emotional difficulties may be the causes of text addiction (no more than 5 words)79. What do experts say about text addiction (no more than 14 words)80. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3 (no more than 8 words)第二节写作(满分30分) 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。七月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛(speech contest)，你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件： 1询问Tom的生活和学习情况； 2谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙； 3告诉Tom你打算赛后