英语五大基本句型课件.ppt

《英语五大基本句型课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语五大基本句型课件.ppt（37页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、英语五大基本句型,Please correct the wrong sentences.,Im writing to every body some advice about how to keep healthy before the exams. It is important for you to keep yourself have a healthy life. We are go to bed early and get up early too. because is good for our body. I hope we will more and more healthy.

2、 Its can help you more healthy.,writing to you to give some advice,keep you healthy,should go/go,because it is,will be,It can help you be more healthy.,What makes a sentence?,Sentence elements,谓语 (v),定语 (Attr),主语 (s),宾语 (IO,O),状语 (Ad),补语 (Cs, Co),主语,谓语,Vt,link-V,Vi,宾语,表语,Revision,表语 (P),Point 1 简单句的

3、五种基本类型 （ five basic sentence patterns),He runs. 2. People make history. 3. Knowledge is power. 4. He gave me a book. 5. We call her Lily.,主+谓 (+V ),主+谓+宾 (S+V+O),主+谓+间宾+直宾 (S+V+IO+O),主+系+表 (S+link-V+P),主+谓+宾+宾补 (S+V+O+C),基本句型 一:(主谓),主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当,Pride goes before a fall.,Who is

4、 speaking, please?,Skating is good exercise.,To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work.,Two-thirds of the workers are women.,Whether well go depends on the weather,动词前！,谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征只有动词才可以充当谓语 。,Some children asked for cold drinks. I shall go to see him tomorrow. I must ask her to teac

5、h me to swim,I made your birthday cake last night.,What does this word mean? I wont do it again.,(不及物动词),1. The sunrose. 2. Who cares? 3. What he said does not matter. 4. They talked for half an hour. 5. The pen writes smoothly,共同特点: 谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类 动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、 状语从句等。,基本句型 二 + +（主谓宾） 共同

6、特点：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。,宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等。,Show your passport, please. He didnt say anything. How many do you want? - I want two. They sent the injured to hospital. They asked to see my passport. I enjoy working with you. Did yo

7、u write down what he said?,动词后！,基本句型 三 +link- +（主系表） 共同特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。 系动词分两类： (1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。 (2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等,表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说

8、明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。,Africa is a big continent.That remains a puzzle to me.Whats your fax number?I feel much better today.Her job is selling computers.Our next step was to get raw materials ready.The patient is out of danger.I dont feel at ease.This is what he said.,连系动词后！,基本句型 四 + +IO +（主谓间宾直宾） 共同特点：谓语动

9、词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。 通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。,但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。如： He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me. 用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。 用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。 常跟双宾语的动词有： （需借助to的）bring, give, le

10、nd, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等； （需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。,基本句型 五 + + +（主谓宾宾补）,共同特点: 动词虽然是及物动词, 但是只跟一个宾语还 不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾 语, 才能使意思完整。,宾语补足语: 位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。 可以用作宾语补足语的有名词, 形容词, 不

11、定式, 动名词, 分词, 介词短语等。,宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的,I consider him a gentleman. Wash your hands clean. I found him out. They left me wait. I heard my name called. I thought him to be a good man. Make yourself at home. His wife has made him what he is .,(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语 My brother hasnt done his homework. People all ov

12、er the world speak English. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.,(二) 挑出下列句中的表语 - The old man was feeling very tired. - The leaves have turned yellow. - Soon They all became

13、 interested in the subject.,(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. She found it difficult to do the work. I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.,典型例题分析,1.They work hard. 主 + 谓 2.The flower is dead. 主 + 系 + 表 3.Pla

14、nts need water. 主 + 谓 + 宾 4.He gives me some seeds. 主 + 谓 +间宾+直宾 5.We should keep the plants in the shade. 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补 6.Many animals live in trees. 主 + 谓,1 He speaks English very well. 2 He is playing under the tree. 3 Three thousand people watched the game. 4 Many men are working there. 5 I fee

15、l much better today.6 Her job is selling computers.7 Our next step was to get raw materials ready. 8 Whether well go depends on the weather. 9 I heard my name called. 10 I thought him to be a good man. 11 Make yourself at home. 12 His wife has made him what he is .13 The boy was praised for his brav

16、ery.,SVO,SV,SVO,SV,SVP,SVO,SVOC,SVO,SVOC,SVOC,(S)VOC,SVOC,SVIoDo,除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。下面以基本句型五（s+v+o+o.c）为例： We found the hall full. 我们发现礼堂坐满了。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。 We found

17、 the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current affairs in East Europe. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东

18、欧局势的重要报告。,不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词的类型。以 get 为例： Hes getting angry. (S V P) He got through the window. (S V O) Youll get a surprise. (S V O) He got his shoes and socks wet. (S V O C) 在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思: I found the book easily. 我很容易地找到了这本书。(S V O M） I found the book easy. 我觉得这本书很容易。 （S V O

19、C） I have to do something. 我得做点事。 I have something to do. 我有点事做。,练习:判断下面的句子是哪种句型 Your sister dances beautifully. 主+谓 This food looks inviting. 主+系+表 3.They kept their marriage a secret. 主+谓+宾+宾补 4.Good keeps you healthy. 主+谓+宾+宾补,5.The palaces were large and beautiful. 主+系+表 6.Horse-riding,hammer th

20、row and shooting are some of the more unusual events. 主+系+表,8.I will pick up rubbish from the ground. 主+谓+宾 9.You can plant a tree or build a birdhouse. 主+谓+宾 10.I will tell my friends to protect the environment. 主+谓+宾+宾补,A Lebanese who had left the country for Syria during the conflict between Isra

21、el and Hizbollah, returns with her family following the ceasefire, at the Lebanon-Syria border in Magdel Anjar August 14, 2006.,S + V,A 53-point win over South Korea wrapped up a perfect Asian exhibition tour for a star-studded U.S. team on its way to the world championships. S + V + O,According to

22、the current information held by the Chinese authorities, a verdict arrived at by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the bird flu research and test centre of Thailand was arbitrary and based on the fact that the virus found in Thailand and Laos was similar to recent finds

23、in southern China, the ministrys statement said. s+link-v+p,First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique. （NMET2003.C篇）,这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。,简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。,S+v+o,