2021届高考英语二轮复习备考专项冲刺专题10非谓语动词含解析

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1、专题10 【非谓语动词】解题指导触类旁通寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”一、如何解答非谓语动词类题目1分析句子结构，辨别“谓语和非谓语”首先判定所给动词是否充当句子的谓语，如果是，就用谓语形式；如果句子中并不缺少谓语，则用非谓语形式。所以在解题过程中，首先必须明白非谓语动词虽然与动词有关，但它们都不是谓语动词。其次，必须培养识别英语句子谓语的能力，因为命题人经常就一些多义词、多性(词性)词，尤其是熟词生义设置题目，增加句式结构的复杂性和干扰性，从而导致考生理解失误，不能正确地划分句子主干，继而造成失分。【例1】(全国卷)A study of travelers _(conduct) by the

2、website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.【分析】conducted本题存在一词多义、一词多性的特征，由于不能找到正确的谓语动词，考生容易误填was conducted或were conducted。因name的常见词性为名词，考生会将题干中的“names”误认为是名词name的复数形式。其实，在本题中，name为谓语动词，意为“选定；指定”，因主语“A study of travelers(一项关于游客的研究)”是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式names。找到

3、谓语之后，可轻松推知此处应填非谓语动词，再由“study”与“conduct”之间是被动关系，可知应填过去分词作后置定语。2寻找逻辑主语，确定逻辑主语与所给动词之间的关系非谓语动词虽然不能作谓语，但仍具有动词的特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就是逻辑主语。分析非谓语动词与其逻辑主语(逻辑上的动作执行者)之间是主动关系还是被动关系(也就是看其逻辑主语是动作的发出者还是承受者)。如果逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，则用现在分词。如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，则用过去分词。但是当含有被动意义时，如果非谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则用动词不定式的被动式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作正在进行，则用

4、现在分词的被动式。【例2】(重庆卷)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras _(return) to our shop for quality problems.【分析】returned句意：生产厂商定期来收集因质量问题而被退回到我们商店的相机。句中已有谓语动词comes，因此设空处应为非谓语动词；且动词return与其逻辑主语the cameras之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填returned。3分析所给动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作发生的先后顺序非谓语动词所发生的时间是一个相对时间，即相对应谓语动词

5、的动作发生的时间而言。非谓语动词的形式不同，所指时间的含义也不同。根据非谓语动词与谓语动词的动作发生的先后顺序确定用一般式还是完成式。如to have done, having done表示该动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前；to be doing, doing表示该动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。【例3】_(work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.【分析】Having worked考生容易误认为在句首设题，应填To work表示目的。然而，本题考查的是非谓语动词与谓语动词存在时间先后顺序时的用法。

6、并且句中的主语Steve与work之间为主动关系，因此应用现在分词的完成式having done。二、“非谓语动词”的功能1非谓语动词作主语句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用动词的ing形式/不定式作主语。表一般的动作用动词的ing形式，表具体的动作用不定式。掌握用动词的ing形式/不定式作主语的句型：aIts adj.(hard/difficult/easy/possible/kind等)(for/of sb.)to do sth.bIts no use/no good/fun/a pleasure/no pleasure/a waste of time doing sth. cIt

7、 takes sb. some time/money to do sth.dIts worthwhile doing/to do sth.2非谓语动词作表语设空前是系动词(be、 get、 feel、 seem等)时，根据句子结构确定用不定式或分词作表语。3. 非谓语动词作定语提示词是动词，且句中已有谓语，根据非谓语动词与主语的逻辑关系确定用何种形式作定语。若表将来的动作，用不定式to do；如表将来的被动的动作，用to be done。另外一些抽象名词如plan、ability、chance、right、desire、opportunity、 patience、 promise、 right

8、、hope、wish、fact、excuse、way等，常用动词不定式作后置定语；另外，当中心词为序数词、最高级、the last、the only等或中心词被这类词所修饰时，多用不定式作后置定语。该结构中主语与不定式应是逻辑上的主谓关系。若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词(v.ing)；若与逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词(v.ed)。若表被动且为正在发生的动作用being done。4. 非谓语作宾语 提示词是动词，若句中已有谓语，且设空处不是作并列谓语而是作介词或动词(短语)的宾语时，应用非谓语动词doing/to do；利用逻辑主语和非谓语动词的关系确定形式(主谓关系：doing/to

9、do；动宾关系：being done/to be done)。介词(如by、 for、 of、 with、 without、 after等)之后加动名词作宾语。若非谓语动词做如下动词(短语)的宾语，则应填不定式：agree、 afford、 choose、 decide、 expect、 fail、 hope、 manage、 offer、 pretend、 plan、 promise、 refuse、 want、 wish、 would like、 determine等。若非谓语动词做如下动词(短语)的宾语，则应填动词的-ing形式：avoid、 admit、 allow、 advise、

10、consider、escape、 enjoy、 keep、 finish、 include、 mind、 miss、 practice、 recommend、 suggest、 feel like、 get down to等。go on、 mean、 forget、 regret、 remember、 stop、 try等可接动词的ing形式或不定式作宾语，应结合语境和动词(短语)用法确定填动词的形式或不定式作宾语。believe/consider/find/feel/make/thinkit adj.to do sth., it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。三、分析逻辑关系 辨别不定

11、式、现在分词和过去分词(1)作状语：表目的、出乎意料的结果或在形容词后作状语，用不定式；表伴随、时间或条件等要用现在分词/过去分词；表自然而然的结果用现在分词。(2)作补语：根据具体结构用(to) do/doing/done如逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，且表正在进行，用doing。如逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是被动关系，且表完成，用done。四、牢记6种用法，看牢一个简单单词to该有的不能少，不该有的不能多。动词不定式在句中作宾语或状语，to不能省略；help to do 中的to可省略。不定式作宾补：allow、 ask、 beg、 command、 encourage、 expect

12、、 forbid、 invite、 persuade、 tell等sb. to do sth.。注意用省略to的不定式作宾补的两类词：一是使役动词；二是感官动词，其后接作宾补的动词的不定式，不定式符号to要省略。“五”看；“三”使；“两”听；“一”感觉。“look at/see/watch/notice/observe; make/let/have; hear/listen to; feel”sb.do sth.。注意：但在被动语态中作主语补足语要还原to，如be made to do。have sb./sth.doing “让某人/某物一直做”； have sb./sth.done “让某人

13、/某物被做”。主语系动词形容词(easy、 hard、 impossible、 important等)to dotooadj./adv.to do或adj./adv.enoughto do考点突破针对提能明考点，攻重难，有效提升考点一 非谓语动词的形式及意义非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义不定式一般式to doto be done其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生进行式to be doing其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生完成式to have doneto have been done其表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词的动作之前现在分词/动名词一般式doingbeing d

14、one其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生完成式having donehaving been done其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生过去分词一般式done与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成(江苏卷)Many Chinese brands, having developed their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.很多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，它们正面临着当代市场带来的新挑战。(北京卷)There are still many pro

15、blems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题仍需要解决。考点二 非谓语动词作状语(一)不定式作状语1作目的状语。可用so as to/in order to替换，但 so as to一般不可置于句首，意为“为了；想要”。(2019江苏卷)To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.为了享受数字支付的便利，很多老年人开始使用智

16、能手机。Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year in order to/so as to/to visit her.她母亲计划每年至少四次飞到北京去看她。2作结果状语。常用于下列结构中：only to do(表示意想不到的结果)；enough to do(足够做)；too.to do.(太而不能做)；so/such.as to.(如此以至于)等。(四川卷)Tom took a taxi to the airport, only to find his plane high up in the sky.汤姆乘出租

17、车去了机场，结果却发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。3作原因状语。常用在“主语系动词形容词to do”结构中。这类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, cheap, expensive, fit, comfortable, heavy, good, important, impossible, dangerous, surprised, astonished, delighted, disappointed 等。(辽宁卷)This machine is very easy to operate.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes

18、.这台机器很容易操作。只需几分钟，任何人都能学会使用它。【名师点津】语法填空和短文改错中常考查“主语be形容词不定式”结构，句子的主语和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且此时不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义。另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。(二)分词作状语分词作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随状况等。为了强调，还可与while, when, once, if, unless等连用。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常要与句子的主语保持一致。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻

19、辑上的主动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。(2019江苏卷)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, reflecting mans intelligence and creativity.一座城市是人类的手与大脑的产物，这反映了人类的智慧与创造性。(2018北京卷) Ordinary soap, used correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.如果正确使用的话，普通肥皂可以有效地消灭细菌。Generally speaking, if

20、taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.一般来说，如果按照说明服用，这种药没有副作用。【名师点津】某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且常用于一些系表结构中，此时这些过去分词只表示一种状态，作状语时不表示被动关系，其前不用being。常见的有located(坐落于), lost(迷路的), seated(坐着的), hidden(躲着的), lost/absorbed/buried in(沉溺于), dressed in(穿着), tired of(厌烦的), faced with(面对着)等，无论它们在句中作何

21、种成分都不用其ing形式。(天津卷)Absorbed in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching.由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。(三)独立成分作状语有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常考的独立成分有：独立成分意义generally speaking (to be general)一般来说honestly/roughly/strictly speaking老实说/大体说/严格说frankly speaking/to be frank坦白说judging from/by根据来判断taking

22、.into consideration/account考虑到considering/seeing/given.考虑到to tell the truth/to be honest说实话compared with/by与相比to make things worse更糟糕的是(浙江卷)To be honest, the pay isnt attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting.说实话，尽管这份工作本身很有趣，但是这个报酬不是很吸引人。(四)独立主格结构作状语独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或

23、非谓语动词等构成，用于修饰整个句子。该结构位置相当灵活，可置于句首、句末或句中，常由逗号将其与句子主体分开，在句中通常作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的等，还可以作定语。其构成形式主要有：1名词/代词形容词/副词/名词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式(主动表被动) (江苏卷)Much time spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.因为在桌前久坐，办公室工作人员一般都被健康问题所困扰。Weather permitting, they will go on a

24、n outing to the beach tomorrow.如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨郊游。2with/without名词/代词宾语补足语(现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语)With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newlyelected president is having a hard time.有许多的难题要解决，这位新选的总统正过着一段艰难的日子。(安徽卷)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work finished, he

25、 gladly accepted it.约翰收到了一张宴会的请柬，由于作业做完了，他很乐意地接受了。(北京卷)I couldnt do my homework with all that noise going on.噪音不绝于耳，我没法做作业。考点三 非谓语动词作定语(一)不定式作定语1不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后，表示将来的动作。(2017天津卷)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train to catch.我在会议期间一直看表，因为我要赶火车。【名师点津】不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系，

26、若该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。Suddenly a good idea occurred to her, but she couldnt find any paper to write on.突然她想到了一个好主意，但是她找不到纸把它写下来。2序数词，形容词最高级，the last, the only 等后或被这些词修饰的名词或代词后，常用不定式作定语。注意：该名词或代词是作定语的非谓语动词的执行者。He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school.他总是第一个到校，最后

27、一个离校。3被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。如ability, chance, idea, hope, wish, fact, excuse, promise, attempt, way 等。(辽宁卷)And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit.增强意志力最好的方法就是让意志力成为一种习惯。(湖南卷)The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。【名师点津】不定式作定语时，当句

28、子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式使用主动式；当句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语且不定式与所修饰的名词或代词之间是被动关系时，不定式使用被动式。I have a letter to post, so I cant go swimming with you.我有一封信(需要我)要寄出，因此我不能和你一起去游泳了。I have a letter to be posted. Can you help me?我有一封信想(让别人替我)寄出去，你能帮我一下吗？(二)分词作定语1作定语的及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词、“being过去分词”、过去分词。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用现在分词；当被

29、修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示正在进行时，用“being过去分词”；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示完成时，用过去分词。(2019天津卷)Most colleges now offer firstyear students a course specially designed to help them succeed academically and personally.大多数大学现在为大一的学生提供一门专门为他们设计的课程，以帮助他们在学术和个人事务上取得成功。(北京卷)Last night, there were millions of people watching t

30、he opening ceremony live on TV.昨天晚上，有几百万人观看了开幕式的电视直播。2作定语的不及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词只表示动作已完成，不表被动。falling leaves正在落下的叶子(表正在进行)fallen leaves 落叶(表完成)【名师点津】 非谓语动词作定语的解题思路表示被动、完成用过去分词(done)；表示主动、进行用现在分词(doing)；表示被动、进行用being done；表示主动、尚未进行用to do；表示被动的动作尚未进行用to be done。试比较：Today there are mor

31、e airplanes carrying more people than ever before in the skies.The bridge built in 2019 was designed by a local company.The bridge being built now was designed by a local company.The bridge to be built next year was designed by a local company.考点四 非谓语动词作宾语1只接不定式作宾语的动词：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装decide/determine

32、, learn, want, expect/hope/wish; refuse，manage, care, pretend主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮offer, promise, choose, plan；agree, ask/beg, help(2017江苏卷)A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help (to) shape your year ahead.在年底对成功和失败进行快速的回顾会有助于你下一年的发展。【名师点津】(1)此外afford, happen(碰巧), wait, thre

33、aten等也要用不定式作宾语。(2)动词(短语)learn, decide, know, wonder, show, tell, understand, explain, teach, advise, find out等常接“疑问词动词不定式”作宾语。2只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon；admit, delay/put off, fancy避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice; deny, f

34、inish, enjoy/ appreciate禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡forbid/avoid, imagine, risk；cant help(禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escapeHe got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk losing the good opportunity.他为这次工作面试做了充分准备，因为他不能冒失去这次好机会的风险。【名师点津】allow, permit, forbid, advise后需加动名词作宾语，但如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则用不定式作宾补

35、。即allow/permit/forbid/advise doing/sb. to do sth.。3 接不定式与动名词作宾语意义不同的动词：(1)try to do 尽力做；try doing 试着去做；(2)mean to do打算做；mean doing 意味着；(3)regret to do遗憾要去做；regret doing后悔做过；(4)remember to do 记得去做；remember doing记得做过；(5)forget to do忘记去做；forget doing 忘记做了(陕西卷)I still remember being taken to the Famen T

36、emple and what I saw there.我仍记得别人带我去过法门寺，还有我在那里所看到的一切。(安徽卷)I remembered to lock the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.我离开办公室之前记得关门却忘记关灯了。【名师点津】动词want, need, require作“需要”讲时，其后要用v.ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动语态作宾语。与此用法相同的动词还有deserve(值得)。The window needs cleaning/to be cleaned.(clea

37、n与the window之间存在动宾关系)He needs to leave at once.(leave与he之间不存在动宾关系)4动词作介词的宾语时，要用动名词形式，不能用动词不定式。常见的含有介词的动词短语：be/get used to(习惯于), feel like(想要), insist on(坚持), get down to(开始认真做某事), devote.to.(致力于), object to(反对), stick to(坚持), give up(放弃)等。此外，介词后跟动名词的结构：have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.；have fu

38、n (in) doing sth.(陕西卷)Its quite hot today.Do you feel like going for a swim? 今天很热。你想去游泳吗？(浙江卷)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working with students.我现在与学生们打交道和我过去航海一样开心。【名师点津】(1)当非谓语动词位于介词but, except后时，习惯上要用不定式。并且，当其前有实义动词do及相关形式时，则不定式要省略to；若其前没有动词do，则不定式通常带to。We had no choice but to

39、wait.我们除了等待之外别无选择。I could do nothing except agree. 我除了同意，什么都做不了。(2)but后总跟省略不定式符号to的短语：do nothing but.只能； cannot help but.禁不住；cannot but.不得不；cannot choose but.只得考点五 非谓语动词作宾补(一)不定式作宾补不定式作宾补时，宾语和不定式之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。常用不定式作宾补的动词(短语)：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, intend, inv

40、ite, order, persuade, prefer, require, remind, tell, want, warn, wish, call on, depend on等。(山东卷)If we expect people to give up the habit of driving, we must give them an alternative they can rely on.如果我们期望人们放弃开车的习惯，我们必须给他们可以依赖的选择。(江西卷)Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to spe

41、ak to the new students.完成她的项目之后，她被学校邀请去给新生讲话。【名师点津】(1)有些动词，如think, consider, believe, suppose, feel, find, understand等后常用to be作宾补或主补。Chinese people are considered to be the most hardworking people in the world.中国人被认为是世界上最勤劳的人民。(2)在sb.be said/believed/known/reported/considered/thoughtto do/to have do

42、ne结构中，不定式用作主语补足语。(江西卷)He is thought to have acted foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.大家都认为他表现得很愚蠢。现在要为他的失业负责的不是别人，而是他自己。(3)有些动词，如hope, welcome, agree, suggest, demand等后不能用不定式作补语。(二)分词作宾补1现在分词作宾补时，动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系，且强调正在进行的主动动作。可接现在分词作宾补的常见动词：感官动词(see, watch, observe, not

43、ice, hear, listen, feel), 使役动词(have, get), find, leave, keep, catch等。(湖南卷)Listen! Do you hear someone calling for help?听！你听到有人正在呼喊救命吗？【名师点津】catch sb. doing sth.意为“撞见某人正在做某事”。2过去分词作宾补时，动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。可接过去分词作宾补的常见动词：感官动词(see, watch, observe, notice, hear, listen, feel), 使役动词(have, make, let, get), find

44、, leave, keep等。(2018天津卷)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph taken.我需要一个新护照，因此我得照张相片。【名师点津】(1)使役动词have, get后接非谓语动词作补语的异同点：have sth.doneget sth.done让别人做某事；have sb./sth.doing sth.让一直做某事；get sb./sth.doing 使开始做某事；have sb.do sth.get sb.to do sth.让某人做某事。(四川卷)Before driving into the c

45、ity, you are required to get your car washed.在开车进城之前，你需要找人洗洗车。(2)have sb. doing sth.用于否定句中，常与cant, wont等连用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。I cant have you getting away with telling lies.我不能容忍你因撒谎而不受惩罚。考点六 非谓语动词作主语和表语(一)不定式作主语和表语1不定式作主语时，一般表示具体某一次的动作。若不定式太长，常用it作形式主语而将不定式后置。(浙江卷)No matter how bright a talker you are,

46、there are times when its better to remain silent.不论你多么能说会道，有些时候保持沉默会更好。2不定式作表语时：表示预定要发生的动作；当主语是aim, purpose, idea, plan, wish, decision, choice等词时，常用不定式作表语；主语为what引导的名词性从句时，多用不定式作表语。His wish is to be a doctor in the future.他的愿望是将来当一名医生。【名师点津】不定式作表语时，如果前面有实义动词do的形式，作表语的不定式常省略to。What I want to do most

47、 in senior high is (to) improve my English.我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。(二)动名词作主语和表语1动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或习惯性的动作。也可用it作形式主语，动名词作真正的主语放在句末。动名词作表语时相当于名词，用于解释主语的内容，表语和主语常常可以互换位置。(2018北京卷)Traveling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。2常用于动名词作主语的句型：Its a waste of time

48、doing.；Its no use/good doing.；It is useless doing./There is no use doing.Its no use complaining without taking action.不采取行动而只是抱怨是没用的。【名师点津】不定式和动名词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数，这是短文改错中经常出现的错误。跟踪检测迁移应用练模拟，练规范，夯基提能 I.高考真题诊断单句语法填空1.（2020全国I）All customers _（travel)on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid t

49、icket before boarding.2.(2020全国II)They make great gifts and you see them many times _（decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.3.(2020全国II)Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy _（care) for and make great presents.4.(2020全国 III)And when h

50、e saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds _（surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.5.(2019全国III) On the last day of our week-long stay,we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, _ to musicians and meeting interest

51、ing locals.【答案详解】1.答案：travelling 解析：分析句子结构可知，travel 与主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用 travelling.2.答案：decorated 解析： 句中 them与decorate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填 decorated.3.答案：to care 解析： 这里为固定句式“主语be+形容词to do”.4.答案：surrounding 解析： 分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 与动词surround为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填 surrounding.5.答案：listening 解析： 分析句子结构

52、可知，主语we与listen之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填 listening.II.精选典题非谓语动词专题对点训练单句语法填空6.Nervously _（face) challenges.I know 1 will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.7.Chinas image is improving steadily,with more countries _（recognize) its role in international affairs8.A city is the product of the human

53、 hand and mind, _(reflect) mans intelligence and creativity.9.I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph _(take).10.I didnt mean _（eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help _（try) it.11.I still remember_（visit) a friend whod lived here for five years.12.Ordin

54、ary soap, _（use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.13.Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online _（save) their valuable time.14.Jim has retired,but he still remembers the happy time _（spend) with his students.15.Earth Day, （mark)on 22 April,is an annual even

55、t aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.【答案详解】6.答案：facing 解析：分析句子结构可知，主语I与动词face之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填facing.7.答案：recognizing 解析：这里是with的复合结构。more countries 和recognize之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填 recognizing.8.答案：reflecting 解析：此处是现在分词短语 reflecting mans intelligence and creativity作伴随状语。9.答案：taken

56、 解析：have sth done 意思是“请人做某事；让某事被做”。10.答案：to eat；trying 解析：mean to do sth“打算做某事”；cant help doing sth“情不自禁做某事”。11.答案：visiting 解析：remember doing sth“记得做过某事”。12.答案：used 解析： 分析句子结构可知，use与soap是逻辑上的动宾关系，故要用过去分词。13.答案：to save 解析： 此处用动词不定式表示目的。14.答案：spent 解析： 分析句子结构可知，动词spend与主语 time之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。15.答案：

57、marked 解析：本句是主系表结构，由连系动词is 可知，空处填非谓语动词形式。mark在这里是“庆祝，纪念（重要事件）”之意，是及物动词，Earth Day 与之是被动关系，此处的字面意思是“地球日在4月22日被庆祝”，故用过去分词短语作定语。句意：地球日在4月22日举行，是一项旨在提公众环保意识的年度事件。III.精选典题非谓语动词专题对点训练单句改错16. Ordering over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.17.I also noticed that they always seemed to

58、 dress well, and always had their hair and makeup do. 18.When we got a call said she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.19.As we all know, we can meet with various challenges in our life. Facing with challenges, what should we do？20.I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had

59、a train catch.【答案详解】16.答案：Ordering Ordered 解析：分析句子结构可知，动词order 与主语 books之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。17.答案：dodone解析：have sth. done为固定结构，表示“让某事被做”。该句中的their hair and makeup和动词do是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。18.答案：said saying 解析：分析句子结构可知，名词 call与动词 say之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用 saying.19.答案：FacingFaced或删掉Facing后的with解析：考查非谓语动词。be fac

60、ed with 为固定用法，故将Facing改为Faced。主语we和动词face之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故也可删除with。 20.答案：catch 前加 to 解析：sb have sth to do 意为“某人有某事要做”。IV.精选典题非谓语动词专题对点训练短文语法填空Do you like 21._(travel) ? 22._(stay) healthy while 23._(travel) can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one. Here are the tips you need 24._(make)

61、 your trip much easier. Make sure you have got a 25._(sign) passport and visa. Also, before you go, fill in the emergency information page of your passport! Make two copies of your passport identification page.This will help a lot if your passport is 26. _(steal) .Leave one copy at home with friends

62、 or relatives.Carry the other with you in a separate place from your passport. Read the public announcements or travel warnings for the countries you plan 27._(visit) .Get yourself 28._(inform) of local laws and customs of the countries to which you are travelling. Leave a copy of your itinerary(旅行日程) with family or friends at home so that you can be 29._(contact) in case of an emergency.Do not accept packages 30._(give) from strangers.Do not carry too much money