罗斯福演讲稿

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1、SATURDAY,MARCH4,1933IamcertainthatmyfellowAmericansexpectthatonmyinductionintothePresidencyIwilladdressthemwithacandorandadecisionwhichthepresentsituationofourNationimpels.Thisispreeminentlythetimetospeakthetruth,thewholetruth,franklyandboldly.Norneedweshrinkfromhonestlyfacingconditionsinourcountryt

2、oday.ThisgreatNationwillendureasithasendured,willreviveandwillprosper.So,firstofall,letmeassertmyfirmbeliefthattheonlythingwehavetofearisfearitself-nameless,unreasoning,unjustifiedterrorwhichparalyzesneededeffortstoconvertretreatintoadvance.Ineverydarkhourofournationallifealeadershipoffranknessandvi

3、gorhasmetwiththatunderstandingandsupportofthepeoplethemselveswhichisessentialtovictory.Iamconvincedthatyouwillagaingivethatsupporttoleadershipinthesecriticaldays.Insuchaspiritonmypartandonyourswefaceourcommondifficulties.Theyconcern,thankGod,onlymaterialthings.Valueshaveshrunkentofantasticlevels;tax

4、eshaverisen;ourabilitytopayhasfallen;governmentofallkindsisfacedbyseriouscurtailmentofincome;themeansofexchangearefrozeninthecurrentsoftrade;thewitheredleavesofindustrialenterpriselieoneveryside;farmersfindnomarketsfortheirproduce;thesavingsofmanyyearsinthousandsoffamiliesaregone.Moreimportant,ahost

5、ofunemployedcitizensfacethegrimproblemofexistence,andanequallygreatnumbertoilwithlittlereturn.Onlyafoolishoptimistcandenythedarkrealitiesofthemoment.Yetourdistresscomesfromnofailureofsubstance.Wearestrickenbynoplagueoflocusts.Comparedwiththeperilswhichourforefathersconqueredbecausetheybelievedandwer

6、enotafraid,wehavestillmuchtobethankfulfor.Naturestilloffersherbountyandhumaneffortshavemultipliedit.Plentyisatourdoorstep,butageneroususeofitlanguishesintheverysightofthesupply.Primarilythisisbecausetherulersoftheexchangeofmankindsgoodshavefailed,throughtheirownstubbornnessandtheirownincompetence,ha

7、veadmittedtheirfailure,andabdicated.Practicesoftheunscrupulousmoneychangersstandindictedinthecourtofpublicopinion,rejectedbytheheartsandmindsofmen.Truetheyhavetried,buttheireffortshavebeencastinthepatternofanoutworntradition.Facedbyfailureofcredittheyhaveproposedonlythelendingofmoremoney.Strippedoft

8、helureofprofitbywhichtoinduceourpeopletofollowtheirfalseleadership,theyhaveresortedtoexhortations,pleadingtearfullyforrestoredconfidence.Theyknowonlytherulesofagenerationofself-seekers.Theyhavenovision,andwhenthereisnovisionthepeopleperish.Themoneychangershavefledfromtheirhighseatsinthetempleofourci

9、vilization.Wemaynowrestorethattempletotheancienttruths.Themeasureoftherestorationliesintheextenttowhichweapplysocialvaluesmorenoblethanmeremonetaryprofit.Happinessliesnotinthemerepossessionofmoney;itliesinthejoyofachievement,inthethrillofcreativeeffort.Thejoyandmoralstimulationofworknolongermustbefo

10、rgotteninthemadchaseofevanescentprofits.Thesedarkdayswillbeworthalltheycostusiftheyteachusthatourtruedestinyisnottobeministereduntobuttoministertoourselvesandtoourfellowmen.Recognitionofthefalsityofmaterialwealthasthestandardofsuccessgoeshandinhandwiththeabandonmentofthefalsebeliefthatpublicofficean

11、dhighpoliticalpositionaretobevaluedonlybythestandardsofprideofplaceandpersonalprofit;andtheremustbeanendtoaconductinbankingandinbusinesswhichtoooftenhasgiventoasacredtrustthelikenessofcallousandselfishwrongdoing.Smallwonderthatconfidencelanguishes,foritthrivesonlyonhonesty,onhonor,onthesacrednessofo

12、bligations,onfaithfulprotection,onunselfishperformance;withoutthemitcannotlive.Restorationcalls,however,notforchangesinethicsalone.ThisNationasksforaction,andactionnow.Ourgreatestprimarytaskistoputpeopletowork.Thisisnounsolvableproblemifwefaceitwiselyandcourageously.Itcanbeaccomplishedinpartbydirect

13、recruitingbytheGovernmentitself,treatingthetaskaswewouldtreattheemergencyofawar,butatthesametime,throughthisemployment,accomplishinggreatlyneededprojectstostimulateandreorganizetheuseofournaturalresources.Handinhandwiththiswemustfranklyrecognizetheoverbalanceofpopulationinourindustrialcentersand,bye

14、ngagingonanationalscaleinaredistribution,endeavortoprovideabetteruseofthelandforthosebestfittedfortheland.Thetaskcanbehelpedbydefiniteeffortstoraisethevaluesofagriculturalproductsandwiththisthepowertopurchasetheoutputofourcities.Itcanbehelpedbypreventingrealisticallythetragedyofthegrowinglossthrough

15、foreclosureofoursmallhomesandourfarms.ItcanbehelpedbyinsistencethattheFederal,State,andlocalgovernmentsactforthwithonthedemandthattheircostbedrasticallyreduced.Itcanbehelpedbytheunifyingofreliefactivitieswhichtodayareoftenscattered,uneconomical,andunequal.Itcanbehelpedbynationalplanningforandsupervi

16、sionofallformsoftransportationandofcommunicationsandotherutilitieswhichhaveadefinitelypubliccharacter.Therearemanywaysinwhichitcanbehelped,butitcanneverbehelpedmerelybytalkingaboutit.Wemustactandactquickly.Finally,inourprogresstowardaresumptionofworkwerequiretwosafeguardsagainstareturnoftheevilsofth

17、eoldorder;theremustbeastrictsupervisionofallbankingandcreditsandinvestments;theremustbeanendtospeculationwithotherpeoplesmoney,andtheremustbeprovisionforanadequatebutsoundcurrency.Therearethelinesofattack.IshallpresentlyurgeuponanewCongressinspecialsessiondetailedmeasuresfortheirfulfillment,andIshal

18、lseektheimmediateassistanceoftheseveralStates.Throughthisprogramofactionweaddressourselvestoputtingourownnationalhouseinorderandmakingincomebalanceoutgo.Ourinternationaltraderelations,thoughvastlyimportant,areinpointoftimeandnecessitysecondarytotheestablishmentofasoundnationaleconomy.Ifavorasapracti

19、calpolicytheputtingoffirstthingsfirst.Ishallsparenoefforttorestoreworldtradebyinternationaleconomicreadjustment,buttheemergencyathomecannotwaitonthataccomplishment.Thebasicthoughtthatguidesthesespecificmeansofnationalrecoveryisnotnarrowlynationalistic.Itistheinsistence,asafirstconsideration,uponthei

20、nterdependenceofthevariouselementsinallpartsoftheUnitedStates-arecognitionoftheoldandpermanentlyimportantmanifestationoftheAmericanspiritofthepioneer.Itisthewaytorecovery.Itistheimmediateway.Itisthestrongestassurancethattherecoverywillendure.InthefieldofworldpolicyIwoulddedicatethisNationtothepolicy

21、ofthegoodneighbor-theneighborwhoresolutelyrespectshimselfand,becausehedoesso,respectstherightsofothers-theneighborwhorespectshisobligationsandrespectsthesanctityofhisagreementsinandwithaworldofneighbors.IfIreadthetemperofourpeoplecorrectly,wenowrealizeaswehaveneverrealizedbeforeourinterdependenceone

22、achother;thatwecannotmerelytakebutwemustgiveaswell;thatifwearetogoforward,wemustmoveasatrainedandloyalarmywillingtosacrificeforthegoodofacommondiscipline,becausewithoutsuchdisciplinenoprogressismade,noleadershipbecomeseffective.Weare,Iknow,readyandwillingtosubmitourlivesandpropertytosuchdiscipline,b

23、ecauseitmakespossiblealeadershipwhichaimsatalargergood.ThisIproposetooffer,pledgingthatthelargerpurposeswillbinduponusallasasacredobligationwithaunityofdutyhithertoevokedonlyintimeofarmedstrife.Withthispledgetaken,Iassumeunhesitatinglytheleadershipofthisgreatarmyofourpeoplededicatedtoadisciplinedatt

24、ackuponourcommonproblems.Actioninthisimageandtothisendisfeasibleundertheformofgovernmentwhichwehaveinheritedfromourancestors.OurConstitutionissosimpleandpracticalthatitispossiblealwaystomeetextraordinaryneedsbychangesinemphasisandarrangementwithoutlossofessentialform.Thatiswhyourconstitutionalsystem

25、hasproveditselfthemostsuperblyenduringpoliticalmechanismthemodernworldhasproduced.Ithasmeteverystressofvastexpansionofterritory,offoreignwars,ofbitterinternalstrife,ofworldrelations.Itistobehopedthatthenormalbalanceofexecutiveandlegislativeauthoritymaybewhollyadequatetomeettheunprecedentedtaskbefore

26、us.Butitmaybethatanunprecedenteddemandandneedforundelayedactionmaycallfortemporarydeparturefromthatnormalbalanceofpublicprocedure.Iampreparedundermyconstitutionaldutytorecommendthemeasuresthatastrickennationinthemidstofastrickenworldmayrequire.Thesemeasures,orsuchothermeasuresastheCongressmaybuildou

27、tofitsexperienceandwisdom,Ishallseek,withinmyconstitutionalauthority,tobringtospeedyadoption.ButintheeventthattheCongressshallfailtotakeoneofthesetwocourses,andintheeventthatthenationalemergencyisstillcritical,Ishallnotevadetheclearcourseofdutythatwillthenconfrontme.IshallasktheCongressfortheonerema

28、ininginstrumenttomeetthecrisis-broadExecutivepowertowageawaragainsttheemergency,asgreatasthepowerthatwouldbegiventomeifwewereinfactinvadedbyaforeignfoe.ForthetrustreposedinmeIwillreturnthecourageandthedevotionthatbefitthetime.Icandonoless.Wefacethearduousdaysthatliebeforeusinthewarmcourageofthenatio

29、nalunity;withtheclearconsciousnessofseekingoldandpreciousmoralvalues;withthecleansatisfactionthatcomesfromthestemperformanceofdutybyoldandyoungalike.Weaimattheassuranceofaroundedandpermanentnationallife.Wedonotdistrustthefutureofessentialdemocracy.ThepeopleoftheUnitedStateshavenotfailed.Intheirneedt

30、heyhaveregisteredamandatethattheywantdirect,vigorousaction.Theyhaveaskedfordisciplineanddirectionunderleadership.Theyhavemademethepresentinstrumentoftheirwishes.InthespiritofthegiftItakeit.InthisdedicationofaNationwehumblyasktheblessingofGod.MayHeprotecteachandeveryoneofus.MayHeguidemeinthedaystocom

31、e.我们唯一不得不害怕的就是害怕本身富兰克林-罗斯福第一次就职演讲星期六,1933年3月4日我肯定，同胞们都期待我在就任总统时，会像我国目前形势所要求的那样，坦率而果断地向他们讲话。现在正是但白、勇敢地说出实话，说出全部实话的最好时刻，我们不必畏首畏尾，不着老实实面对我国今天的情况，这个伟大的国家会一如既住地坚持下去，它会复兴和繁荣起来。因此，让我首先表明我的坚定信念：我们唯一下得不害怕的就是害怕本身一种莫明其妙的、丧失理智的、毫无根据的恐惧，它会把转退为进所需的种种努力化为泡影。凡在我国生活阴云密布的时刻，坦率而有活力的领导都得到过人民的理解和支持，从而为胜利准备了必不可少的条件。我相信，在

32、目前危急时刻，大家会再次给予同样的支持。我和你们都要以这种槽神，来面对我们共同的困难。感谢上帝，这些困难只是物质方面的。价值难以想象地贬缩了；课税增加了，我们的支付能力下降了；各级政府面临着严重的收入短缺；交换手段在贸易过程中遭到了冻结；工业企业枯萎的落叶到处可见；农场主的产品找不到销路；千家万户多年的积蓄付之东流。更重要的是，大批失业公民正面临严峻的生育问题，还有大批公民正以艰辛的劳动换取微薄的报酬。只有愚蠢的乐天派会否认当前这些阴暗的现实。但是，我们的苦恼决不是因为缺乏物资。我们没有遭到什么蝗虫灾害。我们的先辈曾以信念和无畏一次次转危为安，比起他们经历过的险阻，我们仍大可感到欣慰。大自然仍

33、在给予我们恩惠，人类的努力已使之倍增。富足的憎景近在咫尺，但就在我们见到这种情景的时候，宽裕的生活却悄然离去。这主要是因为主宰人类物资交换的统治者们失败了，他们固执己见而又无能为力，因而已经认定失败，并撒手不管了，贪得无厌的货币兑换商的种种行径，将受到舆论法庭的起诉，将受到人类心灵和理智的唾弃。幸福并不在于单纯地占有主钱；幸福还在于取得成就后的喜悦，在于创造性努力时的激情。务必不能再忘记劳动带来的喜悦和激励，而去疯狂地追逐那转瞬即逝的利润。如果这些暗淡的时日能使我们认识到，我们真正的夭命不是要别人侍奉，而是为自己和同胞们服务，那么，我们付出的代价就完全是值得的。认识到把物质财富当作成功的标准是

34、错误的，我们就会抛弃以地位尊严和个人收益为唯一标准。来衡量公职和高级政治地位的错误信念，我们必须制止银行界和企业界的一种行为，它常常使神圣的委托混同于无情和自私的不正当行为，难怪信心在减弱，因为增强信心只有靠诚实、荣誉感、神圣的责任感，忠实地加以维护和无私地履行职责，而没有这些，就不可能有信心。但是，复兴不仅仅要求改变伦理观念。这个国家要求行动起来，现在就行动起来。根据宪法赋予我的职责、我准备提出一些措施，而一个受灾世界上的受灾国家也许需要这些措施。对于这些措施，以及国会根据本身的经验和智慧可能制订的其他类似措施，我将在宪法赋予我的权限内，设法迅速地予以采纳。但是，如果国会拒不采纳这两条路线中

35、的一条，如果国家紧急情况依然如故，我将下回避我所面临的明确的尽责方向。我将要求国会准许我使用唯一剩下的手殷来应付危机向非常情况开战的广泛的行政权，就像我们真的遭到外敌人侵时授予我那样的广泛权力。对大家寄予我的信任，我一定报以时代所要求的勇气和献身精神，我会竭尽全力。让我们正视面前的严峻岁月，怀着举国一致给我们带来的热情和勇气，怀着寻求传统的、珍贵的道德观念的明确意识，怀着老老少少都能通过克尽职守而得到的问心无愧的满足。我们的国标是要保证国民生活的圆满和长治久安。他们现在选择了我作为实现他们的愿望的工具。我们并不怀疑基本民主制度的未来。合众国人民并没有失败。他们在困难中表达了自己的委托，即要求采取直接而有力的行动。他们要求有领导的纪律和方向。我接受这份厚赠。在此举国奉献之际，我们谦卑地请求上帝赐福。愿上帝保佑我们大家和每一个人，愿上帝在未来的日子里指引我。弦$弦弦