《如何写好简单句》PPT课件.ppt

《《如何写好简单句》PPT课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《《如何写好简单句》PPT课件.ppt（43页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、如何写好简单句(1),简单句的基本句型 (1) S(主语)V(系动词)P(表语) 主系表结构是由 “主语系动词表语”组成，用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。系动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语。连系动词有三类： (1)表示特征和存在状态的 be，seem，feel，appear，look，smell，taste，sound； (2)表示状态延续的 remain，stay，keep，continue，stand；,(3)表示状态变化的become，get，turn，go，run，fall，come，grow；如： 1Traffic in citie

2、s is getting_heavier_and_heavier. 2Anyone should be_honest_and_helpful to his families，teachers and classmates. 本句型中表语可以由名词，代词，形容词，副词，介词短语和分词等充当，如： 1He (主语) is (系动词) a_boy.(名词作表语) 2She(主语) looks(系动词) beautiful.(形容词作表语) 3He (主语)is(系动词)in_good_health.(介词短语作表语),4The students(主语) became (系动词)annoyed.(过去

3、分词作表语) 简单句的基本句型(2) S(主语)V(谓语)A(状语) 主谓结构是由 “主语不及物动词” 构成，常用来表示主语的动作。 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，谓语动词是不及物动词，能表达完整的意思，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。谓语的修饰语叫状语，状语可以出现在句首或句末，有时无状语。,如：1.,2.,1请划分以下句子的成分。 (1)This kind of cloth feels soft. (2)He fell in love. (3)Our well has gone dry. (4)The sun was shining brightly., 活学活用,(5)The moo

4、n rose high in the sky.,答案：,2翻译下列句子 (1)未来几天天气将持续炎热。 _ (2)这支钢笔书写流畅。 _ (3)太阳照耀在珠江上。 _ (4)他突然病倒了。 _,(5)这台机器的情况良好。 _ (6)她感到很愉快。 _ (7)叶子在秋天变成红色。 _ (8)不久杰克就成了一名熟练的出租车司机。 _ (9)昨夜她笑了。 _,(10)我在这座城市已生活了十年。 _ 答案：(1)It will remain/stay hot for several days. (2)The pen writes smoothly. (3)The sun is shining on t

5、he Pearl River. (4)He fell ill suddenly. (5)The machine is in good condition.,(6)She felt very happy. (7)Leaves turned red in autumn. (8)Jack became a skilled taxidriver soon. (9)She laughed last night. (10)I have lived in the city for ten years.,如何写好简单句(2),简单句的基本句型(3) S(主语) V(谓语) O(宾语) 主谓宾结构是由 “主语及

6、物动词宾语” 构成。此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都是及物动词，都具有实义，都是主语发出的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。而宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。如： 1SVn./pron.(名词作宾语) Many boys like football very much.,2SVinfinitive(不定式作宾语) The Internet helps (to)_make_many_friends. 另外，以下动词也经常跟不定式作宾语：attempt，dare，desire，expect，intend，learn，need，offer，prete

7、nd，promise等。 Mother promised to_buy_me_a_new_computer. 3SVWhwordinfinitive (whto do作宾语) We havent decided where_to_hold_the_sports_meet.,常用于这个句型的动词有：ask，consider(认为)，decide，discover，explain，find out，forget，guess，inquire，know，learn，observe，remember，see，settle，tell，think，understand，wonder等。 4SVgerund

8、(动名词作宾语) I enjoy living_in_the_country. 常用于这个句型的动词有：admit，advise，avoid，consider(考虑)，defend，enjoy，excuse，finish，forbid，imagine，mind，miss，risk，suggest，give up，cant help等。,5同源宾语 英语中有些宾语是其谓语动词的名词形式，这个宾语就叫同源宾语。如： Liu Hulan died a heroic death.刘胡兰英勇就义。(die和death属于同根词。) 常见的这类动词有：live/life，smile/smile，dream

9、/dream，sleep/sleep，die/death等。, 活学活用,(1)Who knows the answer? (2)She smiled her thanks. (3)He has refused to help them. (4)He enjoys reading. (5)I am considering changing my job next month.,答案：,2翻译下列句子 (1)玛丽睡了一个好觉，做了一个好梦， 梦中露出了甜蜜的微笑。 _ (2)永远不要冒险违背自然法则。 _ (3)他用微笑表示感谢。 _,(4)你的衣服该洗了。 _ (5)我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来

10、的信。 _ (6)你们必须在两周内看完这些书。 _,(7)我喜欢流行音乐。 _ (8)她知道下一步做什么。 _ (9)我通常晚上在家做家庭作业。 _,(10)我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。 _ 答案：(1)Mary slept a sound sleep，dreamed a good dream and smiled a sweet smile in her dream. (2)Never risk going against the law of nature. (3)He smiled his thanks./He expressed his thanks with a smile.

11、 (4)Your clothes need washing. (5)I received a letter from my penfriend in Australia.,(6)You must finish reading these books in two weeks. (7)I like popular music. (8)She knows what to do next. (9)I usually do my homework at home in the evening. (10)We havent decided when to discuss the problem agai

12、n.,如何写好简单句(3),英语基本句型4 SV(及物)OO 双宾语结构由“主语及物动词间接宾语(人)直接宾语(事物)”组成。此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须带有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。但若要先说出直接宾语(事物)，后说间接宾语(人)，则要借助于介词to或for。如： He brings me cookies every day.He brings cookies to me every day.,She bought me a beautiful skirt.She bought a beautiful skirt fo

13、r me. 用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。 用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。 常跟双宾语的动词有：(需借助to的)bring，give，lend，hand，offer，pass，pay，promise，return，send，show，teach，tell，write，ask等； (需借助for 的) buy，call，cook，choose，draw，find，get，make，order，sing，save，spare等。, 活学活用,1请划分以下句子的成分 (1)She ordered herself a new dress. (2)She coo

14、ked her husband a delicious meal. (3)I gave my car a wash. (4)He showed me how to run the machine.,答案：,2用上述句型翻译下列句子 (1)奶奶昨晚给我讲了一个有趣的故事。 _ (2)他把车票给列车员看。 _ (3)我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。 _,(4)总裁告诉我们他的电话号码。 _ (5)农民正在教那个男孩怎样种树。 _ 3用to或for将2大题中的句子转换成另一种表达 _,答案：2(1)Grandma told me an interesting story last night. (2

15、)He showed the conductor the ticket. (3)My father has bought me a new bike. (4)The president tells us his telephone number. (5)The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. 3(1)Grandma told an interesting story to me last night. (2)He showed the ticket to the conductor. (3)My father has bought

16、a new bike for me. (4)The president tells his telephone number to us. (5)The farmer is showing how to plant a tree to the boy.,如何写好简单句(4),英语的基本句型(5) SV(及物)O(宾语)C(宾补) 此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。这就叫复合宾语结构。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系。可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等

17、。如： What he said made me very_sad_and_disappointed.(形容词作宾补) 他所说的话让我非常地伤心和失望。,Suddenly I heard my neighbour shouting_and_laughing_loudly.(现在分词作宾补) 突然我听见我的邻居大声地又喊又笑。, 活学活用,1请划分以下句子的成分 (1)They appointed him manager. (2)They found the house deserted. (3)What makes him think so? (4)He asked me to come ba

18、ck soon. (5)We saw some children dancing in the garden.,答案：,2翻译下列句子 (1)我们要使学校变得更美丽。 _ (2)我想要你把真相告诉我。 _ (3)每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。 _,(4)我从来没看见这个字这样用过。 _ (5)他感到很难跟你交谈。 _ (6)我们认为你不可能说服他改变心意。 _,答案：(1)We will make our school more beautiful. (2)I want you to tell me the truth. (3)Every morning we hear him read

19、English aloud. (4)I have never seen the word used that way before. (5)He felt it very difficult to talk with you. (6)We thought it impossible for you to persuade him to change his mind.,如何写好简单句(5),There be 句型 There be 句型 是由“therebe主语”构成，用以表达存在关系。它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词 be 之后，there 仅为引导词，并无实际语意。一般地说，全句意

20、为：“某地有某物/某人”。 如：There are about four thousand students in our school. 我们学校大约有4 000学生。 注意：学生受汉语的干扰，会运用一些汉式表达。请观察下列句子：,(1)There are two boys are waiting for you.(应去掉第二个are或在boys 后加who) (2)There are many people do exercises in the park every morning.(应去掉There are) 在第一句中，如去掉are，waiting for you是现在分词短语作定语

21、修饰two boys；如在boys 后加who，who are waiting for you是定语从句修饰two boys。第二句如果不去掉there are, 句子结构就非常混乱。还可将do改为doing。 另外，除了be，live，stand，come，go，lie，exist等动词也能用于这个句型来代替be，表示存在。在there引导的存在句中，谓语有时态和情态变化。如：,There stand two_huge_trees in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an_old_king in the town.

22、There is/lies a river in front of my house. There be 句型有时态和情态变化：如： There used to be a school here. 这里过去曾经有一所学校。 There happened to be no buses that day. 那天碰巧没有车。,There seems/seem/seemed to be something wrong with the machine. 机器似乎出了毛病。 There must be a use for my talent.天生我才必有用。 温馨提示：在书面表达中，“有”这个含义，我们

23、会情不自禁的使用There be 和have结构来表达。虽然能表达出原意，可千篇一律，总会显得俗气呆板。试比较以下句子，便可见分晓。 1学校的体育中心有三个运动区域。 (1)There are three athletic areas in the school sports centre.,(2)The school sports centre contains three athletic areas.(Better) with结构也有“有”的含义，主要用法介绍如下： Its a small flat of 25 square metres，with a bedroom，a bathroo

24、m，and a kitchen. China is a country with a long history. Jane is a beautiful girl with long hair and bright eyes., 活学活用,将下列句子翻译成英语 1灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。 _ 2战前这儿一直有家电影院的。 _ 3恰好那时房里没人。 _,4我家门前有一条河。 _ 5Guangzhou，an ancient city _ (有2 200多年的文明历史) is developing rapidly too. 答案：1The light is on.There must be someone in the office. 2There used to be a cinema here before the war. 3There happened to be nobody in the room. 4There lies/is a river in front of my house. 5with a cultural history of 2,200 years.,