增词减词练习题

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1、I试译下列句子，注意为弥合语法差异的需要增加适当的词或减少某些不必要的词1. Over the past 50 years scientists and psychologists have increasingly argued over whether genetics or environment has a greater impact upon human intelligence. 环境和遗传之间究竟哪一个对智力发展影响大，这介于科学家和心理学家之间的辩论，五十年来正在逐渐升温。2. The moon gives no light of its own. It merely ref

2、lects the light of the sun, like a huge mirror hung in the sky. 月球本身不发光。它只是像一面挂在天上的镜子一样反射了太阳光。3. Emma slept, and when she woke, she had a shower. 艾玛睡了一件，醒来后，冲了个澡。4. Hotel staff wont be overly offended if you dont tip. 即使你不给小费，酒店的服务员也不会太生气。5. Trips were made three times a week in summer and twice a w

3、eek in winter. 夏天每周旅行三次，冬天两次。 6. When I graduated from college, my days of ambivalence was over. 到我大学毕业时，那种矛盾的心情消失了。 7. Back in the hotel room, Jon made sure she was settled before he set off. 回到酒店, 乔要把她安顿好后,再出发. 8. After the light was turned off, the rat had to wait a short time before it was relea

4、sed from its cage. 熄灯后，老鼠必须要等上一会才能放心出来。 9. Then what on earth do you want to do with it? 那你到底想干嘛？10. Did he reward you any further? 他还奖励了你什么？11他抬眼望了望马路上昏暗的路灯。He lifted his eyes and looked at the dim street lights.12他们正在研究该地区的自然特征和生物的分布情况。They are studying the natural features of the area and the dis

5、tribution of life within it.13丁医生放下雪茄，又回到小客厅里去了。Dr. Ding discarded his cigar and went back into the tiny living room.14她小心地打开盒子，又学着同桌的样子轻轻把它盖上。She opened the box cautiously, then closed it lightly the way her deskmate has done.15夏夜在屋外乘凉的时候，往往有些担心，不敢去看墙上。In the summer night, when in the shade outside

6、 the house, I used to be worried and did not dare to look at the wall.16美国国土的主要部分位于北美洲中央，北接加拿大，南连墨西哥，东濒大西洋，西临太平洋。The main landmass of the United States lies in central North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. 17我在

7、18日早晨，才知道上午有群众向执政府请愿的事；下午便听到噩耗，说卫队居然开枪，死伤至数十人，而刘和珍君即在遇害者之列。I didnt know that mases held the petition to the government that morning until 18th morning；in the afternoon I heard the grievous news that amry opened fire, killing dozens of people, and Liu Hezheng was one of the dead.18时间一分钟一分钟过去，前面那团红雾更红

8、更亮了。As time goes by minute by minute, the rosy halos ahead grow redder and brighterII.试译下列句子，注意为弥合词义差异的需要增加适当的词或减少某些不必要的词。1.增词1. The retreat commenced in all haste. 撤退工作匆匆忙忙地开始了。2. Her grace was a delight.她的优雅风度很讨人喜欢。3. There was a wide emptiness over the street.马路上显出一派空旷的景象。4. His arrogance made ev

9、eryone dislike him.他的傲慢让人厌恶。5. He waited for the booing to quiet down, then cleared his throat.嘘声停下来后，他清了清嗓子。6. Humans vying for dominance will turn to genetics to compete.为主在世界而竞争的人们将转战遗传学领域。7. Considering its growing economic importance, the general neglect of geology in university teaching is dif

10、ficult to justify.就地质学日益增长的经济重要性而言，它在大学教育中被普遍忽视的现象是很不合理的。8. Psychologist Richard Stuart showed in the 1960s that overweight women could lose pounds by modifying both their eating behavior and stimulus environment.心理学家理查德斯图尔特的研究显示：在上世纪60年代，超重的妇女可以通过改变饮食习惯和环境刺激法来减肥。9. He had noticed the mounting insub

11、ordination, and he realized with embarrassment that he was the cause of what could have become his own downfall.注意到日渐高涨的反抗情绪，他感到了不安，明白了垮台是他咎由自取。10. He is much less selfish and much more peaceful now.他变得不再那么自私，也更加淡定。11. Johns closest neighbor Clint Hart lived two miles down the road.即使是约翰最近的邻居克林特.哈特也

12、住在两英里开外的地方。12. We called him our Christmas Boy because he came to us during that season of joy, when he was just six days old.我们叫他圣诞男孩，因为当他在那个欢乐的季节被我们收养，那时候才六天大。13. Ive known several people who have overcome nail-biting simply by buying 50 nail files( 指甲剪 ) and distributing them everywhere: in their

13、 pockets, desks and bedrooms.我认识一些人，他们为了克服咬指甲的毛病，买了 50 把指甲刀，并放在诸如口袋、桌子、卧室等各个地方。14. Zoy hunched over her veranda desk, correcting exercise books.卓雅坐在她家阳台的桌边，纠正练习册。15. In line with latest trends in fashion, a few dress designers have been sacrificing elegance to audacity.在最新一轮时尚潮流驱使下，一些服装设计师放弃了优雅，选择了果

14、敢创新。16听到这个消息，他一肚皮的酒几乎全化成了酸醋。The wine filled in his belly converted into vinegar as soon as heard the news.17他一边放声大笑，一边不住地拿眼瞅着她。He burst out laughing and kept looking at her intently.18“这件事你打算怎么办呢?”她嘴巴一撇，侧着头，故意忍住了笑似的说。“What are you going to do with it?” She said, mouth curling, head siding, deliberat

15、ely held back a smile like that. 19她悄悄地来到她妹妹的房间里，将门拉上。She went softly over to her sisters room and pulled the door up behind he20这令我到底惦记着江南。这样想着，猛一抬头，不觉已是自己的门前。减词1. They had to stay there until the person they were addressed to happened to come by and stop at the inn.他们不得不呆在小旅馆里，直到要约定的人恰巧入住。2. By me

16、ans of a code of combinations of dots and dashes, messages are sent along the wire that connects the key to a sounder.通过由点划组成的代码，关键信息才能通过导线传达到探测器。3. When you dial a number, an automatic switch in the telephone exchange makes a circuit between your telephone and the telephone of the person you are ca

17、lling.当拨打电话时，电话中的自动转换器会回馈，以此达成通话双方的信息交互。4. This explains why farmers in very windy regions try to protect their soil by planting rows of trees to break the force of the wind.这就是多风地区要通过种植树木，减弱风压来保护庄稼的原因。5. Some people accuse me of being rude because I always introduce myself to other people I meet on

18、 trains; but I answer by telling them that the reason for my action is not curiosity but friendliness.有人指责我粗鲁，因为我老是喜欢向火车上遇到的人介绍自己；可我想说我的行为不是因为好奇，而是出于友好。6. Times were tough during the Depression, and there were five mouths to feed in my family, besides buying coal and wood for the stove.大萧条时期的日子很艰难，除

19、了买煤炭和炉子以外，我还有五口人要养。7. She looked around and padded off across a ravine, toward the edge of the blue spruce forest that would be her new home.环顾四周后，她穿过了沟壑，向着蓝云杉林的边缘-她的新家前进。8. On top of one of the hills stood the farm house and the barn where the farm animals lived.山上有个农场和一个大棚，棚里住着农场里的动物。9. I kept clo

20、sing the gap between my car and my brothers truck, inching toward the reassuring glow of the taillights like a frightened sheep following a shepherd.顺着柔和的车尾灯，我驾车一路跟随着哥哥的卡车，就像受惊的小羊尾随着牧羊人一样。10. Amy settles into her seat, takes out her computer and reads over the agenda for the meeting to which shes tr

21、aveling.入座后，艾米拿出了电脑，校对旅行的日程安排。11但是，我却看到了一次最雄伟、最瑰丽的日出景象。However, I have seen the most magnificent and beautiful sunrise.12姑娘有点不好意思了，脸上泛着红潮。The girl feels shy, red in face.13本书所谈的是美国人民与土地合作的经过，以及合作过程中所产生的一些变迁。This book is about the American people and the land cooperation, as well as some of the chang

22、es in the process of cooperation. 14他们两个悄悄地走到一个窗子边，向里窥望。They both quietly walk to a window, peeping.15将近午夜，煤油灯里的油燃尽了，爆着小小的无边的火花，屋里渐渐黑暗下来，终于完全漆黑了。About midnight, the kerosene lamp ran out of oil, bursting with little boundless sparks, the room got and was finally dark. III. 试译下列句子，注意为弥合修辞差异的需要增加适当的词或

23、减少某些不必要的词。增词1. Outside stood a little girl, dripping wet and shivering.门外站着一个浑身淋透、瑟瑟发抖的小女孩。2. If future predictions of a shortage of quality workers come true, it will become even more important to make employees feel part of the team.预言称，高素质的员工将会短缺。假如这成为事实，那么让员工感觉自己是这集体中的一员就更为重要。3. If techniques li

24、ke this sound silly, keep in mind that the power of self-monitoring has been conducted over the last four decades.如果说这样的方法听起来颇为荒唐，请记住：自我监督的力量已在40 来所进行的各种研究中得到了证实。4. Americas best-known billionaire is back to doing what he has always done best-designing exciting new products and making barrels of mon

25、ey.美国最著名的亿万富翁正回来做他最擅长的事，设计令人兴奋的产品,再用它赚一大笔钱。5. Most Chinese children seem to get whatever they want, from ice cream, sweets and toys to endless attention from the adults around them.大多中国小孩似乎都得到了想要的东西，从冰激凌、甜食、玩具到周围大人们的无限关注。6和八大的时候比较，现在我们党对我国社会主义建设规律的认识深刻得多了。Now our Party has a much deeper understandin

26、g of the law of socialist construction in our country, compared with The Eighth Congress.7她不喜欢他这样打扮，老里老气的，不像个青年人。She disliked this outfit of his which made him look old before his time.8他一个人跑到北海公园的土山上，徜徉了一个晚上。He hurried offf alone to Beihai Park and spent the evening pacing up and down its hills.减词1

27、. The mail carrier could leave letters there for everyone for miles around.邮差可以将数英里范围内的信件放在这里.2. As soon as the operator releases the key, breaking the circuit, the electromagnet releases the end of the armature (电枢) that it has pulled toward itself.话务员一松开键，将电路断开，电磁铁就会松开它刚吸过去的那端电枢.3. The answer is t

28、hat the operator closes his end of the circuit by means of a switch called a line switch.控制者的那一端通过线路开关关闭短路。4. The back-and-forth movement of the metal disc alternately presses the carbon grains together and then leaves them room to spread out.金属圆盘的反复运动，交替地将碳颗粒挤压，然后将其送出。5. They went from one big town

29、 to another.他们从一个大城市到另一个。6这儿的峡谷又是另一番景象：谷中急水奔流，穿峡而过，两岸树木葱茏，鲜花繁茂，碧草萋萋，活脱脱一幅生机盎然的天然风景画。各种奇峰异岭，令人感受各异，遐想万千。It is another gorge through which a rapid stream flows. Trees, flowers and grass, a picture of nature vitality, thrive on both banks. The weird peaks arouse disparate thoughts.7这放盐也不是一成不变的，要因人、因时而变

30、。The quantity of salt varies with the people and the time.8千千万万个像他这样的人，之所以在困难中没有对新中国失去信心，就是因为他们经历过旧社会，经历过50年代那些快乐的年头。Thousands of people like him who had suffered before liberation and had lived a better life in the 50s never lost confidence in the new China during these difficult years.IV.试译下列句子，注意

31、为弥合语境差异的需要增加适当的词或减少某些不必要的词。增词1. You probably already know that black absorbs the most heat while white reflects the most. But what about other colors between?你可能已经知道，黑色最能吸收热量，而白色反射的最多。可介于这两者之间的颜色如何呢？2. The odor of disinfectant stung my nostrils as I moved down the row of pens. Each contained five to

32、 seven dogs.我顺着围栏走下去，消毒水的气味刺鼻而来。每一窝都有五到七只小狗。3. Not long ago John lost his wife to cancer. She was a fighter, but in the end the disease won their eight-year battle.不久前约翰的妻子被癌症夺走了生命。八年来，她一直在与病魔作斗争，可最后还是被打败。4. Computer viruses now rely as much on human foibles-greed, fear, curiosity, loneliness- to dr

33、aw you in as they do any kind of technical trickery.计算机病毒现在利用人们性格上的弱点贪婪、恐惧、好奇、孤独穷尽各种手段只为引你上钩。5. What this means is that businesses that once were peripheral to the mall are grouped together.这意味着曾经在商场外围的商家都会被聚集在一起。6我抬头望去，已到巫山。I look up and see that we have reached the Wu Mountains. 7从费城出发去他家之前，我就和他通了

34、电话。一下车，他已经在站上等着了。I had a phone call with him before I went to his house in Philadelphia. And he had been waiting in the station when I got off.8我并没有和他深谈过，但从他的行事看来，相信我是理解他的。Though I never had a chance to talk with him very closely, I was convinced that I understood him from the way he carried himself

35、 and conducted matters.减词1. So I made as much noise as I could with my automobile horn. I sounded the horn every ten minutes, hoping that some other traveler passing near me would hear.于是，我拼命地按喇叭，每隔十分钟按一次，希望有人从我附近经过时会听到我的喇叭声。2. Double Click (双击公司 ) was sued by a California woman who accused the comp

36、any of illegally obtaining and selling personal information about Internet users.一位加州妇女起诉双击公司非法获取并出售因特网用户的个人资料。3. On the one hand, child is the adored and spoiled centre of a whole circle of adults, but on the other hand, he or she is also expected to start studying with great discipline from early

37、age.一方面，孩子是整个家庭宠爱有加的核 心，但同时，他们从小就要刻苦学习。 4. She was lucky, for he had given her a gift more powerful than sight, the gift of love that can bring light where had been darkness.她是幸运的，因为他给了她比视力更珍贵的礼物，一份她不需要看就能体会到的礼物这就是爱的礼物，它能给黑暗带来光明。5. My husband and I are juggling the challenges of a new baby, a growin

38、g company, a move to a new home and the launch of a new product line. On the top of these challenges, we have gifts to buy, parties to attend and cards to send.我和我的丈夫在共同面对挑战：新生的孩子，壮大中的公司，搬家和新生产线的建设。这些挑战之上，买礼物、参加聚会、发贺卡。6柔软的柳丝低垂在静谧的小河边上，河边的顽童，破坏了小河的安静。Willow tendrils hung low over the banks of the str

39、eam, where only the shouts of children broke the stillness.7清晨，一列从北平向东开行的平沈快车，正驰行在广阔、碧绿的原野上。Early one morning the Beiping-Shenyang express was speeding over the vast, jade-green countryside.8这又是一次拍马屁的机会，这种马屁奖分(brownie points)对于晋升和保持职位至关重要。This is a flattering opportunity，this brownie points means a

40、lot for promoting and keeping the commission.请将下面的短文译成英文，注意词的翻译技巧成功之路 一次电台请了一位商界奇才做嘉宾主持，我们非常希望能听他谈谈成功之道。但他只是淡淡一笑，说：“还是出个题考考你们吧。” “某地发现了金矿，人们一窝蜂地拥去，但一条大河挡住了必经之道，你会怎么办?” 有人说绕道走，也有人说游过去。但他却是含笑不语，很久，他说：“为什么非得去淘金，为什么不可以买一条船开始营运?” 这似乎有点投机，然而事情就是这么简单。“干他人不想干的，做他人不曾想的。”这就是成功之道。困境在智者的眼中往往意味着一个潜在的机遇，只是我们不曾想过。

41、The Way to SuccessOnce a radio station invited a business wizard as a guest hosting, we were eager to listen to his talking about success. But he just smiled and said,” Id better set a question.”“Words come that someone had found a gold mine. People rushed their like a swarm of bees, but a big river

42、 blocked the only way. If you were there, what did you do with it? ” Some people said they would find a detour; some chose to swim across the river. But he kept silence with a smile for ages and said” Why do you have to go to the gold rush? Why not buy a boat and start your own business? ”It seems a little speculation, but it just so simple.” Do others never want to do.” Its the way to success, exactly.In the eyes of wise man, dilemma also means a potential opportunity. However, we never give it a single thought.