2022年高考英语二轮复习 科普环保类阅读理解选编（1）

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1、2022年高考英语二轮复习 科普环保类阅读理解选编（1）xx高考英语阅读练习科普环保类Strawberry (草莓) fields dotted with hunched-over workers picking and packaging, then pushing the delicate red fruit to waiting trucks it is a typical winter scene embedded in the patchwork of homes and farms that make up eastern Hillsborough County. That sce

2、ne is changing, though, as the labor pool shrinks and technology es knocking. Wish Farms owner Gary Wishnatzki and his engineer partner Bob Pitzer are banking on technology. As strawberry season wrapped up in February, their driverless strawberry-picking machine drove into the fields for some test r

3、uns. The results were impressive and enlightening（有启迪作用的）, Wishnatzki said. For some three years now, farmers have been forced to abandon millions of dollars worth of strawberries in fields, mostly in Hillsborough and Manatee counties, because they lacked laborers, industry experts say. The problem

4、has been just as serious in California, Arizona and other farm munities. The reasons for the shrinking worker pool are numerous. Migrant（移民）workers who have picked the fields for years are aging. Young adults in migrant families already in the United States are getting better educations and have mor

5、e choices these days, including the construction industry, which again is on the upswing. Stricter security is allowing fewer undocumented workers to cross the border from Mexico. And Mexicans are having much smaller families now just over two children per family, pared with 7.3 per family in 1960,

6、according to a Pew Hispanic Center report released in xx.And since Mexicos economy bounced back faster than that of the U.S., more Mexicans have been able to find work closer to home, according to the study.“We came up with a concept we perceive as a necessity,” Wishnatzki said. “The labor pool has

7、been shrinking for over 10 years now. It has been pretty harmful.” So in xx, he and Pitzer formed their partnership, Harvest CROO Robotics, to develop a mechanical picker. The Harvest CROO design has multiple picking heads that will move across a field, picking 25 acres over a three-day period, the

8、typical time for picking fruit as it ripens. It has a “vision system” to distinguish between red and green strawberries and is able to get under the leaves to find and pick the ripe berries. Picking strawberries is nothing like using a bine on a corn field, ing through and thrashing down the plants.

9、 Strawberries are delicate and ripen in various intervals, which Harvest CROO is taking into account in developing its machine. A strawberry-picking machine will never pletely replace the need for human labor in the fields, Wishnatzki said, but if the machines can supplement（补充）labor enough to keep

10、the industry profitable, he and Pitzer will have met their goal.【小题1】Which of the following describes the typical winter scene of eastern Hillsborough County? AFarmers work hard on a corn field.BWorkers pick and package strawberries.CScientists test machines in strawberry fields.DFarmers operate str

11、awberry-picking machines.【小题2】The mechanical picker is introduced due to _. Athe labor shortageBthe market demandCthe aging of the local populationDthe new concept of farming【小题3】Which of the following statements about Mexicans is true according to the passage? AMexicans like to find jobs far away f

12、rom home.BThere are more Mexican laborers than needed in Arizona.CSecurity regulations now make it easier to employ Mexicans.DYoung people from migrant Mexican families now have access to more career choices.【小题4】 The “vision system” is designed to _. Atake picturesBlocate leavesCfind the ripe berri

13、esDhelp the color-blind【小题5】The goal of developing the strawberry-picking machine is to _. Aget rid of human laborBhelp farmers make moneyCshow the power of robotsDpete with the corn industryxx高考英语阅读练习科普环保类The following are selected contributors notes for an essay collection.KATY BUTLER, a 2004 fina

14、list for a National Magazine Award, has written for The New Yorker, the New York Times, Mother Jones, Salon, Tricycle, and other magazines. She was born in South Africa and raised in England, and came to the United States with her family at the age of eight. “Everything Is Holy,” her essay about nat

15、ure worship, Buddhism (佛学), and ecology, was selected for Best Buddhist Writing xx. In xx she won a literary award from the Elizabeth George Foundation. “What Broke My Fathers Heart” was named a “notable narrative” by the Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard, won a first-place award from the

16、Association of Health Care Journalists, and was named one of the 100 Best Magazine Articles of All Time. Butler has taught narrative nonfiction at Nieman Foundation conferences and memoir writing at Esalen Institute. Her current book project is Knocking on Heavens Door: A Journey Through Old Age and

17、 New Medicine to be published in xx. VICTOR LAVALLE is the author of a collection of stories, Slapboxing with Jesus, and two novels, The Ecstatic and Big Machine, for which he won the Shirley Jackson Award, the American Book Award, and the Ernest J. Gaines Award for Literary Excellence. He is a xx G

18、uggenheim Award winner and an assistant professor at Columbia Universitys School of the Arts. About “Long Distance” he says: “This essay actually came about when I was asked to write about my life after having lost a great deal of weight. And yet, when I sat down to work, all I could do was return t

19、o that time when I was much heavier and deeply unhappy. Why? I sure didnt miss those days. And yet, I felt I couldnt write about my present without touching on that past. But, of course, I never reach the true present in the essay. Maybe I still dont know how to talk about a life with greater happin

20、ess. ” BRIDGET POTTER was born in Brompton-on-Swale, Yorkshire, and came to the United States as a teenager in 1958. She spent the first forty years of her career in television, beginning as a secretary, then as a producer and an executive, including fifteen years as senior vice president of origina

21、l programming at HBO. In xx she earned a BA in cultural anthropology from Columbia University. This year she will plete an MFA in nonfiction, also from Columbia, where she has been an instructor in the University Writing Program. She is currently working on her first book, a memoir / social history

22、of the 1960s, from which her essay “Lucky Girl” is adapted. PATRICIA SMITH is the author of five books of poetry, including Blood Dazzler, chronicling the tragedy of Hurricane Katrina, which was a finalist for the xx National Book Award, and Teahouse of the Almighty, a National Poetry Series selecti

23、on. Her work has appeared in Poetry, The Paris Review, TriQuarterly, and The Best American Poetry xx. She is a Pushcart Prize winner and a four-time individual champion of the National Poetry Slam, the most successful poet in the petitions history. RESHMA MEMON YAQUB wouldnt even be fit to write a g

24、rocery list were it not for her guardian editors. Her stories owe many glorious plot twists to Zain, eleven, and Zach, seven. Ditto their dad (Amer) and grandparents (Ali, Razia, Muhammad, Nasreen). Costars: Sophie, Sana, Yousef, and Maryam. Miss Yaqub lives in Bethesda, Maryland. Her next project i

25、s an investigation into the whereabouts (行踪) of two missing people: Mr. Right and Ms. Memoir Literary Agent.【小题1】 Which of the following won the Shirley Jackson Award? ABest Buddhist Writing xx.BTeahouse of the Almighty.CMother Jones.DBig Machine.【小题2】 What is “Long Distance” mainly about? AThe true

26、 happiness in the writers present life.BNature worship, Buddhism and ecology.CThe whereabouts of two missing people.DThe authors past life experience.【小题3】 When did the author of “Lucky Girl” e to the United States? AIn 1958.BIn xx.CIn xx. DIn xx.【小题4】Who is the most successful poet in the petitions

27、 history? ABRIDGET POTTER.BKATY BUTLER.CPATRICIA SMITH.DVICTOR LAVALLE.阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(xx湖北，C)Weve reached a strangesome would say unusualpoint. While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organiza

28、tion (WHO), more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight. Its the good life thats more likely to kill us these days.Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight. Whats going on?We r

29、eally dont have many excuses for our weight problems. The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting throughup to a point.In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight

30、was its main cause. Not any more. A publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and xx, and doctors even offer surgery of rem

31、oving fat inside and change the shape of the body. That has bee a sort of fashion. No wonder it ranks as the worlds most bodyconscious country.We know what we should be doing to lose weightbut actually doing it is another matter. By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise. More tha

32、n half of us admit we lack willpower.Others blame good food. They say: its just too inviting and it makes them overeat. Still others lay the blame on the Americans, plaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much Americanstyle fast food.Some also blame their parentstheir genes. But unfo

33、rtunately, the parents are wronged because theyre normal in shape, or rather slim.Its a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. Parents are eager to see their kids shape up. Do as I saynot as I do.文章大意：本文讲述的是世界上的人们，因为生活变好，而导致的肥胖问题已经成为一个日益

34、严峻的问题，本文深刻剖析了引起肥胖的各种原因，警醒人们要以健康为重。9What is the “strange” point mentioned in the first sentence?AThe good life is a greater risk than the bad life.BStarvation is taking more peoples lives in the world.CWHO report shows peoples unawareness of food safety.DOverweight issue remains unresolved despite WH

35、Os efforts.答案：A推理判断题，第一段主要讲述人们在为了消除世界饥饿问题而大伤脑筋之时，过度肥胖却是另外一个更令人头痛的事情，甚至比饥饿问题更加严峻，因此选A。10Why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight?AA lot of effective diet pills are available.BBody image has nothing to do with good food.CThey have been made fully aware of its dangers.D

36、There are too many overweight people in the world.答案：C细节理解题，根据文章The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns可知，此事已经深入人心。11The example of Finland is used to illustrate _.Athe cause of heart diseaseBthe fashion of body shapingCthe effectiveness of a campaignDthe histo

37、ry of a bodyconscious country答案：C细节理解题，根据文章的Not any more. A publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades可知，这场运动使得这个问题的解决起了很大的作用，因此选C。12Which would be the best title for the passage?AActions or Excuses? BOverweight or Underwei

38、ght?CWHO in a Dilemma DNo Longer Dying of Hunger答案：A整体理解题，本文主要论述了人们对于肥胖的各种借口和理由，却没有意识到我们应该采取行动去解决这个问题，由Its a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight. Parents are eager to see their kids shape up可以得出暗示。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(x

39、x陕西，D)About 30 years ago, I left Cuba for the United States with my son. After getting settled finally in Brunswick, New Jersey，I enrolled(注册) my son in kindergarten. Several weeks later, my sons teacher asked me to meet him at his office.In the teachers office, and exchange of greetings was followe

40、d by his questions: “Is your son mentally retarded(弱智的)？Does he suffer from any kind of mental disability？”Was he talking about my wonderful Scola? No, no, it cant be. What a helpless, lonely moment! I told him that Scola was a quiet, sweet little boy, instead. I asked him why he was asking me all t

41、hese questions.My son could not follow the teachers directions, he told me, and thus, Scola was disrupting the class. Didnt he know my son did not speak English yet?He was angry: “Why hasnt your son been taught to speak English? Dont you speak English at home？”No, I didnt speak English at home, I re

42、plied. I was sure my son would learn English in a couple of months, and I didnt want him to forget his native language. Well, wrong answer! What kind of person would not speak in English to her son at home and at all time? “Are you one of those people who e to this country to save dollars and send t

43、hem back to their country, never wanting to be a part of this society？”Needless to say, I tried to tell him I was not one of “those people.” Then he told me the meeting was over, and I left.As I had expected, my son learned to speak English fluently before the school year was over. He went on to gra

44、duate from college and got a job, earning close to six figures. He travels widely and leads a welladjusted, contented life. And he has benefited from being bilingual(双语的)Speaking more than one language allows people to municate with others; it teaches people about other cultures and other placessome

45、thing very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” I met in New Jersey.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，通过了一位新移民及其儿子的经历讲述了掌握两门语言的好处。13The teacher asked the author to his office_.Ato discuss Scolas inclass performanceBto get Scola enrolled in kindergartenCto find a language partner for ScolaDto work out a study p

46、lan for Scola答案：A细节理解题。由第四段可以看出老师让家长去办公室是谈论Scola的课堂表现。故选A项。14What does the underlined word “disrupting” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?ABreaking.BFollowing.CAttending.DDisturbing.答案：D词义推测题。由上文“我的儿子不能跟上老师的指导”，因此Scola在扰乱课堂，故选D项，disturbing打扰，扰乱。15The authors attitude towards being bilingual may best be described as_.Acritical BcasualCpositive Dpassive 答案：C作者态度题。由文章最后两段，特别是He has benefited from being bilingual可知作者对于双语持肯定的态度，故选C项。16This text is likely to be selected from a book of _.Amedicine BeducationCgeography Dhistory答案：B推理判断题。本文讲述了掌握双语的好处，所以可能出自一本关于教育的书。