2021-2022学年新教材高中英语单元素养评价Unit2LookingintotheFuture含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册

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1、单元素养评价(二)(Unit 2)(120分钟150分)第一部分听力 (共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text 1W: Hey, how did you do on the exam? M: Ah, I got an 82. Its OK, I guess. But I thought Id get at least an 85. 1. What does the man me

2、an? A. He doesnt care. B. He is very satisfied. C. He is a little disappointed. 答案: CText 2W: If you scare me like that again, Ill yell and the neighbours will hear. M: Im sorry. It was too good to pass up. You were just sitting there, and I thought it would be funny to throw the cat on you. 2. How

3、did the woman feel just now? A. Scared. B. Bored. C. Excited. 答案: AText 3W: I remember you like French fries very much, but you seem to have a poor appetite today. Whats wrong? M: Im on a diet. I have been advised to have less fried food but more fresh vegetables. 3. Why did the man eat so little to

4、day? A. He has no appetite. B. He doesnt like French fries. C. He is on a diet. 答案: CText 4W: What would you like to take as your major? M: Civil engineering or physics. W: How about biotechnology? M: Well, I dont think Ill major in biotechnology. Though I used to show great interest in it. How abou

5、t you? W: Design, of course. 4. What does the man want to learn? A. Biotechnology. B. Design. C. Physics. 答案: CText 5W: Good afternoon. Can I help you? M: Good afternoon. Will you please show me the handbag over there? W: The black one? M: No, the one beside. W: Here you are. M: Thanks. Any discount

6、? W: Yes, all the handbags here are now on sale. 5. What is the relationship between the two speakers? A. Shop assistant and customer. B. Receptionist and manager. C. Boss and secretary. 答案: A第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒

7、钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。Text 6M: Could you take this down to the accounting office for me, please? W: Sure, Mr Stone. I was just on my way down to the shipping department which is on the 5th floor, anyway. Accounting is just one floor above it, so its right on the way. M: G

8、reat. Maybe when you get back, I could take you to that Thai restaurant youre always telling me about. 6. Where is the accounting office? A. On the 4th floor. B. On the 5th floor. C. On the 6th floor. 答案: C7. Where will the woman go first? A. The Thai restaurant. B. The accounting office. C. The shi

9、pping department. 答案: B听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。Text 7M: Id like to mail this package to Washington. W: How would you like to send it? M: By air, please. W: OK. Lets see. Its 64 dollars. M: 64 dollars? W: Yes, thats a pretty heavy package. M: Hmm. I suppose it is. Is there any other option to deliver it? W:

10、Sure. It can be sent by water, but you know it will take longer to get there. M: How long will it take then? W: Let me see. To Washington from here it will take about a month. It takes three more weeks. M: How much will it cost then? W: Just half as much. M: OK, I think Ill send it by water. 8. In w

11、hat way will the man send his package? A. By train. B. By water. C. By air. 答案: B9. How much will he pay for the mail of the package by water? A. $64. B. $32. C. $96. 答案: B听第8段材料, 回答第1012题。Text 8M: Hey. Mary. Whats your plan for your summer holiday? W: Well, I am planning to take a trip to Tahiti wi

12、th my parents. M: Tahiti? I dont know much about the place. W: Tahiti is the largest island in French Polynesia. Thats a group of islands in the southern Pacific Ocean, mostly formed from volcanic activity. M: Is it a rich place? W: Yes. I suppose so. Its the economic, cultural and political center

13、of French Polynesia. It is also world-famous for its amazing beach scenery. M: I see. What language do they speak there? W:French is the only official language, though Tahitian and English are widely spoken. M: How about the food? Whats it like? W: Well. I dont really care about the food there. I ch

14、oose to go there mainly for the beaches! 10. Whom will the woman travel with during the summer holiday? A. Her friends. B. Her parents. C. A tour group. 答案: B11. What is the island famous for? A. Its beaches. B. Its food. C. Its volcanoes. 答案: A12. What is the islands official language? A. English.

15、B. Tahitian. C. French. 答案: C听第9段材料, 回答第1316题。Text 9W: On todays show we have Dennis Dean, owner of Double the Fun bus parties. Hi, Dennis. Can you tell us what you do? M: Well, Double the Fun is a party bus where you and up to 50 friends can hold celebrations. All buses have fridges for cold drinks

16、, disco-quality sound, an amazing light show and comfortable leather seats. What we dont have is cooking equipment. All buses also have a bus host, whose job is to make sure all the guests get back on the bus after each stop. W: After each stop? So guests dont spend the whole evening driving around

17、on the bus? M: No! In fact, we take them to 4 different clubs during the evening. At each club, weve booked special VIP entrance, which means no waiting to get in, and everyone gets a free drink. W: Anything else our listeners should know about the parties? M: Yes, all guests must be smartly dressed

18、. No jeans or sports shoes. The only exception would be if they want to have a fancy-dress party. And we need to know the time you book if you are planning a fancy-dress party. Clubs like to know in advance when parties will be arriving. W: Thanks, Dennis. 13. What is the relationship between the sp

19、eakers? A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Club owner and customer. C. Driver and passenger. 答案: A14. What can the guests do on the bus? A. Have cold drinks. B. Drive the bus. C. Cook food. 答案: A15. What are guests expected to do for parties? A. Bring their VIP cards. B. Get dressed smartly. C. Book

20、 clubs in advance. 答案: B16. What does the man suggest guests do before a fancy-dress party? A. Control the number of people. B. Avoid wearing jeans and sports shoes. C. Inform him of the booking time. 答案: C听第10段材料, 回答第1720题。Text 10Welcome to Spain. Getting a train to Spain is more convenient and com

21、fortable than you can imagine. Travel to Spain, and you will learn about world-class culture, taste delicious food, buy quality goods, see unique buildings and visit beautiful fields. The best months to travel to Spain are June and July. Taking the train to Spain is far more exciting, more relaxing,

22、 not to mention its better for the environment than flying. Train travel is rapidly growing in popularity because of its speed improving. And for long-distance travel, theres the added advantage of taking the train overnight, which saves your hotel cost. On the train you can catch up on some sleep o

23、r simply watch the scene changing around you. And taking a train means youre free to wander down to the bar, chat with friendly people, or relax with a book in your own room. In our Grand Class Room, there are seats, small tables and comfortable beds. Our private suite also offers a shower room and

24、toilet articles. 17. Which is the best season to visit Spain? A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. 答案: B18. Why is train travel becoming increasingly popular in Spain? A. It is affordable to most people. B. The trains speed gets improved. C. It can guarantee people more freedom. 答案: B19. Whats the advan

25、tage of taking the train for long-distance travel? A. Saving your money on accommodations. B. Enabling you to enjoy more special food. C. Allowing you to learn to live independently. 答案: A20. What can be found in the Grand Class Room in the train? A. Shower rooms. B. Toilet tables. C. Comfortable be

26、ds. 答案: C第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2021济南高二检测)Smart Home Products for Living a Connected LifeWhat makes something a smart home product? Generally, its defined by its ability to connect to a Wi-Fi network, allowing users to interact(交流) with it

27、 from their smartphones. Weve rounded up some cool, diverse offerings that youll love to have in your home. Nest Cam IQwalmart. com$299. 00The Nest Cam IQ is a beautifully designed home security camera that can recognize faces. It can warn you if theres a stranger in your home. The device also suppo

28、rts two-way communication via built-in microphones and a powerful speaker. Logitech Harmony Eliteamazon. com$249. 99The Logitech Harmony Elite is one of the best universal remote controls available on the market. It can control just about every piece of electronics you own in every room of your hous

29、e or apartment, including TVs, streaming devices, and sound systems. It supports over 270, 000 devices! Apple HomePodbhphotovideo. com$349. 00The Apple HomePod has better audio quality than any other smart speaker available today. Available in white or space gray, the Siri-powered device also allows

30、 you to control a number of devices with your voice. August Smart Lock Proamazon. com$279. 99The August Smart Lock Pro is compatible (兼容的) with most locks. A mobile app allows you to manage access to the lock, check its usage history, and get informed when someone opens the door. You can control it

31、and check on the state of your door with voice commands. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了几种智能家居产品以及它们给我们的生活带来的便利。21. What can the Nest Cam IQ help you do? A. Properly use your smartphone camera. B. Control electronics with your voice. C. Check the locks of your house. D. Keep your home safe. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Nest Cam IQ

32、部分中的The Nest Cam IQ is a beautifully designed home security camera that can recognize faces. It can warn you if theres a stranger in your home. The device also supports two-way communication via built-in microphones and a powerful speaker. 可知, 该设备可保障家庭安全。22. Which device can help you operate almost

33、all your electronic equipment remotely? A. Nest Cam IQ. B. Apple HomePod. C. August Smart Lock Pro. D. Logitech Harmony Elite. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Logitech Harmony Elite 部分中的It can control just about every piece of electronics you own in every room of your house or apartment, including TVs, streaming dev

34、ices, and sound systems. It supports over 270, 000 devices! 可知, 可远程控制家居电子设备的是Logitech Harmony Elite。23. Which column of a website is the text most probably taken from? A. Technology. B. News. C. Society. D. Education. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。本文为广告类应用文, 主要介绍了几种智能家居产品, 故可推断出文章应该来自科技方面的专栏。 B(2021中山高二检测)Researcher

35、s at the University of Chicago have trained an artificial intelligence system, to write fake reviews on Yelp, a website showing customers reviews on shopping or something else, and its pretty hard to tell them apart from a human review. Their study, which will be presented at the ACM Conference on C

36、omputer and Communications Security in October, aimed to throw attention onto how easily these systems can write reviews like humans and how damaging they can become if theyre not monitored properly. Since many small businesses rely on online reviews to help grow and keep their reputation, a future

37、where someonelike a rival or angry customercould crazily fill their page with negative reviews written by a machine is pretty worrying. And, according to the research team, the threat goes far beyond a bunch of fake reviews on Yelp. “In general, the threat is bigger, ” Ben Y. Zhao, one of the author

38、s of the study, said. “I think the threat towards society is large and it really misleads users and shakes our belief in what is real and what is not. I think thats going to be even unimaginable. ”To test how believable these reviews came across, the researchers invited 40 volunteers and had AI gene

39、rate five fake reviews for 40 actual restaurants. The volunteers were asked how useful they thought the review was and whether or not they thought it was fake. The AI reviews ranked as “effectively indistinguishable” from real reviews, according to the study. Further, the fake reviews were given a 3

40、. 15 “usefulness” rating, compared to a 3. 28 rating for human reviews. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。芝加哥大学的研究人员已经培训出了一种人工智能(AI) 系统, 在Yelp网站上编写虚假评论, 足以乱真。24. What can the new artificial intelligence system do according to the passage? A. It can help train new reviewers. B. It can tell the real reviews from the fake

41、 ones. C. It can write human-like reviews. D. It can easily damage the businesses. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知, 芝加哥大学的研究人员研发了一种人工智能系统, 让它在Yelp网站上撰写虚假评论, 很难把它们与人类的评论区分开。由此可知, 这种新的人工智能系统可以撰写出像人类写的一样的评论。25. What does the underlined word “rival” mean in the passage? A. A person who respects you deeply. B. A

42、person who competes with you. C. A person who loves to give fake reviews. D. A person who can control you from distance. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据文章第三段可知, 由于许多小企业依赖在线评论来帮助成长和保持声誉, 未来有人可能会疯狂地用机器写的负面评论填满它们的页面, 这是相当令人担忧的。由此可知画线单词所在部分like a rival or angry customer是someone的同位语, 对其进行解释说明。根据上下文语境以及生活常识可以判断出, 企业面对的是顾

43、客和竞争对手两类人。因此rival可以理解为竞争对手。26. What can we infer from Ben Y. Zhaos remarks? A. Artificial intelligence can put the society in danger. B. The artificial intelligence is only used by the researchers. C. Ben Y. Zhao is optimistic about the further development of artificial intelligence. D. The artifici

44、al intelligence will help people shake. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第四段 “总的来说, 威胁更大, ”Ben Y. Zhao, 该研究的作者之一说。“我认为对社会的威胁是巨大的, 它真的误导了用户, 动摇了我们的信任关于什么是真的、什么不是真的。我认为那甚至是不可想象的。”可知他认为AI智能能够误导用户, 影响他们明辨是非, 会对社会带来不可想象的威胁。27. What is the best title for the passage? A. Suggestions on Giving ReviewsB. How to Tell the Fak

45、e ReviewsC. Development of AI in Review on YelpD. AI is Coming to Steal Your Reviews【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 芝加哥大学的研究人员已经培训出了一种人工智能(AI) 系统, 在Yelp网站上编写虚假评论, 足以乱真, 其目的是强调这种系统可以很容易地写出像人类写的一样的评论, 如果它们没有被恰当地运用, 它们会变得具有破坏性, 而威胁远远不止如此。选项D “AI is Coming to Steal Your Reviews. ”体现了这一中心思想。C(2021绍兴高二检测) An interna

46、tional team of scientists has discovered a stellar black hole in Earths “cosmic backyard” containing the mass of 70 suns. Its a black hole that forms after stars die, collapse, and explode. Researchers had long believed that the size limit was only 20 times the mass of our sun because as these stars

47、 die, they lose most of their mass through explosions that force matter and gas swept away by stellar winds. This theory has now been toppled by LB-1, the newly discovered black hole. Located about 15, 000 light years away, it has a mass 70 times greater than our sun, according to a press release fr

48、om the Chinese Academy of Sciences. “Black holes of such mass should not even exist in our galaxy (星系), according to most of the present models of stellar evolution, ” said Liu Jifeng, head of the team that made the discovery. “LB-1 is twice as massive as what we thought possible. Now theorists will

49、 have to take up the challenge of explaining its formation. ”Scientists are now scratching their heads at how LB-1 got so huge. The team has proposed some theories. LB-1s sheer size suggests that it “was not formed from the collapse of only one star, ” the study saidinstead, it could potentially be

50、two smaller black holes orbiting each other. Another possibility is that it formed from “fallback supernova (超行星). ” This is when a supernovathe last stage of an exploding starejects (喷射) material during the explosion, which then falls back into the supernova, creating a black hole. This fallback fo

51、rmation is theoretically possible, but scientists have never been able to prove or observe it. There are several types of black holes and stellar black holes like LB-1 are on the two smaller side, according to NASA. Supermassive black holes are much biggerthey can be billions of times the mass of ou

52、r sun. Scientists believe supermassive black holes may have connection with the formation of galaxies, as they often exist at the center of the mass star stems but it is still not clear exactly how, or which form first. 【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文, 主要是与读者分享黑洞发现的新进展。28. According to scientists, what might accou

53、nt for the formation of LB-1? A. The material ejected in the explosion of a supernova. B. The two smaller black holes moving around each other. C. The evolution of the solar system. D. The collapse of a certain star. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由文章的六、七自然段“Scientists are now . . . each other. ”可知LB-1不是由一颗行星的爆炸解体形成的

54、, 而是两个小的黑洞相互环绕形成的, 由此可知B选项为正确答案。29. What does the word “toppled” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Confirmed. B. Strengthened. C. Overturned. D. Refused. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据前文“Its a black hole that forms . . . our sun”可知原先有关黑洞的理论指的是黑洞就是行星陨落、解体、爆炸所形成的, 研究人员认为黑洞的大小是大约是太阳的20倍, 根据上下文“This theory . . . Scienc

55、es. ” 可知LB-1是一个新的黑洞理论, 与原先研究人员认为的不同, 故前文所讲述的黑洞理论将会被推翻、否认, 从而可以猜测toppled为“推翻”之意。结合选项可知C选项为正确答案。30. What is the purpose of writing this article? A. To inform readers of the basic knowledge about black holes. B. To share the recent development of the black hole discovery. C. To show the importance of d

56、iscovering black holes for science. D. To report achievements scientists have made in black hole theory. 【解析】选B。 推理判断题。阅读全文可知, 文章主要围绕黑洞新发现展开, 包括黑洞如何形成、黑洞的大小等, 因此可推知, 作者写这篇文章是为了与读者分享黑洞发现的新进展, 故B选项为正确答案。31. What might be the best title for the passage? A. The Latest Discovery of GalaxiesB. Proposed Th

57、eories of Black HolesC. The Possible Formation of the Black HolesD. Biggest Stellar-mass Black Hole Discovered【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据文章围绕的“黑洞新发现”以及“There are several. . . our sun有几种类型的黑洞, LB-1还算是小的, 据NASA显示, 超级黑洞可能是太阳的十亿倍大”可知新发现的黑洞是超级大的, 原先理论认为黑洞大约只有太阳的20倍, 可知最新发现的黑洞是最大的, 综上所述可知D选项“Biggest Stellar-mass Blac

58、k Hole Discovered”概括最为贴切、全面, 故D选项为正确答案。DTeens and their teachers know well that early-morning classes can be tiring. Doctors now have a solution: for better teen health, push the sleep button on school start times. Janet Croft, who studies teens and sleep at the Centers for Disease Control and Preve

59、ntion (CDC)in Atlanta high schools, says, “Most teens are actually brain dead when they go to these early classes. Too many students start their day as walking zombies (僵尸). ”One report stresses the importance of sleep for teens and describes the dangers from not getting enough sleep. Studies in the

60、 past have shown over and over that teens lacking sleep face higher risks of being overweight and being frustrated. Many teens get too little sleep because they attend middle and high schools that start earlier than 8: 30 am. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), those early start t

61、imes throw off a students internal body rhythm, called the circadian clock (生物钟). Too little sleep disturbs that clock and causes problems. The study conducted by the National Sleep Foundation found that nearly 6 in every 10 middle school students and 9 in 10 high school students are sleeping too li

62、ttle. Yet many parents arent aware of this. In the same study, 7 of every 10 parents said they believed their kids did sleep enough. That study shows too many parents are unaware of the science on teen-sleep needs, says Owens. Kyla Wahlstrom, a former teacher, who has spent a lot of time with teens

63、lacking sleep, says: “An incredible number of students are either sleeping at their desks or sitting there like a lump, not asking questions or raising their hands. ”Getting enough sleep can help a teen on the inside, too. Several studies have shown that children and teenagers who dont sleep enough are more likely to become obese, or extremely overweight. Teens lacking sleep also are more likely to suffer from anxiety, depression and mood disorders. Its ti