2015高考真题——英语(天津卷)解析

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1、 .wd.2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试天津卷英语试题本试卷分第一卷选择题和第二卷非选择题两局部，共130分，考试时间100分钟，第一卷1页至8页，第二卷9页至10页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试完毕后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。祝各位考生考试顺利！第一卷本卷须知：1.每题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2.本卷共55小题，共95分第一局部：英语知识运用共两节，总分值45分第一节：单项填空共15小题，每题1分

2、，总分值15分从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。例：Stand over there _ youll be able to see it better.A. orB. andC. butD. while答案是B1. Sorry, Liz. I think I was a bit rude to you. _, but dont do that again! A. Go aheadB. Forget itC. It dependsD. With pleasure【答案】B考点：考察交际用语。2. The quality of education in this smal

3、l school is better than _ in some larger schools.A. thatB. oneC. itD. this【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。应选A。考点：考察代词。3. Only when Lily walked into the office _ that she had left the contract at home. A. she realized B. has she reali

4、zed C. she has realized D. did she realize【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同往家里了。此题考察only位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。根据时态和句意可知选D。考点：考察倒装。4. Jack, you seem excited._? I won the first prize A. Guess whatB. So whatC. Pardon me D. Who cares【答案】A考点：考察交际用语。5. _in painting, John didnt notice evening appro

5、aching. A. To absorbB. To be absorbedC. AbsorbedD. Absorbing 【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句中作状语。应选C。考点：考察非谓语动词。6. Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she _ a class at that time. A. will teachB. would teach C. has taught D. will be teaching【

6、答案】D考点：考察时态。7. I _ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A. mightntB. mustntC. needntD. couldnt【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：我来新学校之前本没有必要担忧，因为这里我的同学对我非常友好。neednt have done本没有必要做某事，表示实际上已经做了某事。根据句意可知选C。考点：考察情态动词。8. _ for two days, Steve managed to finish his

7、report on schedule. A. To workB. WorkedC. To be working D. Having worked【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：工作了两天，Steve成功的按时完成了他的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve，与work之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，这里用having worked，表示动作的先后性。应选D。考点：考察非谓语动词。9. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement_ so far by the two sides.A. has been reached B. was reache

8、d C. will reachD. will have reached【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：尽管之前多轮谈判，但到目前为止双方没有达成任何协议。根据句中的时间状语so far“到目前为止可知用现在完成时。主语agreement与reach为被动关系，根据句意可知选A。考点：考察时态。10. Tom had to_ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy. A. turn inB. turn downC. turn overD. turn to【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：上个周汤姆不得不拒

9、绝宴会的邀请，因为他太忙了。A. turn in 上交；B. turn down拒绝； C. turn over 移交；D. turn to求助。根据句意可知选B。考点：考察短语辨析。11. If you have any doubts about your health, youd better_ your doctor at once. A. convinceB. consultC. avoidD. affect【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：如果你对你的安康有任何疑问，你最好立刻向你的医生咨询。A. convince 说服；B. consult咨询； C. avoid 防止；D. af

10、fect影响。根据句意可知选B。考点：考察动词辨析。12. We need to get to the root of the problem_ we can solve it. A. whileB. afterC. beforeD. as【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。A. while当时候，而；B. after在之后； C. before 在之前；D. as正如。根据句意可知选C。考点：考察连词辨析。13. I wish I _ at my sisters wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a busines

11、s trip in New York then.A. will be B. would be C. have been D. had been 【答案】D考点：考察虚拟语气。14 See, your computer has broken down again! It doesnt _ sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. A. haveB. makeC. displayD. bring【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：看，你的电脑又坏了！只为省几美元买最廉价牌子的电脑是没有意义的。考察动

12、词短语的固定搭配：make sense有意义。根据句意可知选B。考点：考察动词短语。15 The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work. A. where B. whichC. whenD. who【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。考点：考察定语从句。第二节：完形填空共20小题：每题1.

13、5分，总分值30分阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确选项。My fiance (未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for our first home. But our funds were 16 , and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory. One agent 17 a house in particular. Although her description sounded wonderful, the pric

14、e was 18 our range, so we declined. But she kept urging us to have a look 19 .We finally did and it was 20 at first sight. It was Our Home, small and charming, overlooking a quiet lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a nice elderly couple, we felt the warmth and 21 of the mar

15、riage within that home. As perfect as it was, the price remained too high for us. But every day, we would sit by the lake, looking at the house and dreaming of 22 it would be like to live there.Days later, we made a(n) 23 far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didnt 24 us. They renewed their

16、 offer 25 . It was also much more than we could afford, but far 26 than the original asking price.The next day, we got a 27 message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the 28 directly. We made our final offer, which 29 was thousands of dollars less th

17、an the other buyers bid. We knew it, 30 we had to try. “Sold! said the owner. Then he 31 : Hed seen us sitting by the lake all those times; he knew how much we loved the place and that wed 32 the years of work they had put into their home; he realized he would take a 33 by selling it to us, but it w

18、as worthwhile; we were the people they wanted to live there. He told us to consider the 34 in the price “an early wedding present.Thats how we found our home and how I learned that when people are 35 they are not strangers, only friends we havent yet met.16. A. needed B. limited C. enough D. large17

19、. A. recommended B. decorated C. sold D. rented18. A. below B. within C. beyond D. between19. A. at least B. at most C. at times D. at hand20. A. relief B. concern C. love D. curiosity21. A. pride B. happiness C. challenge D. desire22. A. which B. why C. that D. what23. A. effort B. offer C. promise

20、 D. profit24. A. come across B. look after C. depend on D. laugh at25. A. instead B. indeed C. aside D. apart26. A. worse B. better C. less D. higher27. A. relaxing B. disappointing C. pleasantD. regular28. A. agents B. buyers C. managersD. owners29. A. already B. still C. generally D. ever 30. A. s

21、o B. or C. for D. but 31. A. apologized B. complained C. criticized D. explained32. A. check B. analyze C. appreciate D. ignore33. A. loss B. risk C. chance D. lead34. A. increase B. difference C. interest D. average35. A. kind B. polite C. smart D. energetic【答案】16. B17. A18. C19. A20. C21. B22. D23

22、. B24. D25. A26. C27. B28. D29. B30. D31. D32. C33. A34. B35. A【解析】试题分析：文章大意：作者和未婚夫准备买房结婚，但是资金有限。一次作者对一个房子一见钟情，但价格仍然很高，但通过最后的努力，作者以很低的价格买到了此房。16B考察动词以及对语境的理解。Aneeded需要的；Blimited有限的；Cenough足够的；Dlarge大的。根据下一句中的and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.可知答案选B。17A考察动词以及对语境的理解。Arecomm

23、ended推荐；Bdecorated装修；Csold卖； Drented租。根据后句Although her description sounded wonderful可知一个代理人特别向我们推荐一栋房子。选A。18C考察介词以及对语境的理解。Abelow在下面；Bwithin在里面；Cbeyond超过；Dbetween在之间。根据后句so we declined.可知价格超过了我们的范围。应选C。19A考察短语以及对语境的理解。Aat least至少；Bat most至多；Cat times有时；Dat hand在附近。但她不停的催促我们至少去看一看。选A。 22D考察名词性从句以及对语境的

24、理解。Awhich哪一个；Bwhy为什么；Cthat那个；Dwhat什么。宾语从句中be like缺少宾语，故用关系词what。选D。23B考察名词以及对语境的理解。Aeffort努力；Boffer提供；Cpromise许诺； Dprofit利润。根据后句far below the asking price 可知是make an offer出价。选B。24D考察短语以及对语境的理解。Acome across偶然遇到；Blook after照顾；Cdepend on依靠； Dlaugh at嘲笑。令人惊讶的是，他们没有嘲笑我们。选D。25A考察副词以及对语境的理解。Ainstead相反Binde

25、ed确实；Caside在旁；Dapart分开地。相反地，他们更新了他们的出价。选A。26C考察形容词以及对语境的理解。Aworse更糟的；Bbetter更好的；Cless更少的；Dhigher更高的。但比原来的要价要少得多。选C。27B 考察形容词以及对语境的理解。Arelaxing轻松的；Bdisappointing令人失望的；Cpleasant令人愉快的；Dregular有规律的。第二天，我们得到一个令人失望的消息。选B。28 D 考察名词以及对语境的理解。Aagents代理人；Bbuyers买方；Cmanagers经理；Downers物主。因此，我们决定直接跟房东谈。选D。29B考察副词

26、以及对语境的理解。Aalready已经；Bstill任然；Cgenerally普遍地； Dever曾经。我们做出最终的价格，任然比其他买家出价少很多。应选B。30D考察连词以及对语境的理解。Aso如此；Bor或者；Cfor为了； Dbut但是。前后句为转折关系，故用连词but。选D。31D考察动词以及对语境的理解。Aapologized抱歉；Bcomplained抱怨；Ccriticized指责；Dexplained解释。后面为房主解释的内容。选D。32C考察动词以及对语境的理解。Acheck检查；Banalyze分析；Cappreciate感谢；欣赏； Dignore无视。其原因是我们欣赏他

27、们投入家庭多年的努力。选C。33A考察名词以及对语境的理解。Aloss损失；Brisk冒险；Cchance时机；Dlead带着。根据上下文可知把房子卖给我们他将会有损失，所以选A。考点：记叙类短文阅读。第二局部：阅读理解共20小题；每题2.5分，总分值50分阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。AUniversity Room Regulations Approved and Prohibited ItemsThe following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric b

28、lankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life. A

29、ccess to Residential RoomsStudents are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found tha

30、t the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination.Cooking PolicyStudents living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitch

31、ens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.Pet PolicyNo pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the

32、 student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.Quiet HoursResidential build

33、ings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fin

34、e of $25.36. Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms?A. Ceiling fans and waterbeds.B. Wireless routers and radios.C. Hair dryers and candles. D. TVs and electric blankets.37. What if a student is found to have told his combination to others?A. The combination should be changed.B. T

35、he Office should be charged.C. He should replace the door lock.D. He should check out of the room.38. What do we know about the cooking policy?A. A microwave oven can be used.B. Cooking in student rooms is permitted.C. A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.D. Students are to close kitchen doors a

36、fter cooking.39. If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face _.A. parent visitsB. a fine of $100C. the Student CourtD. a written notice40. When can students enjoy a party in residences?A. 7:00 am, Sunday.B. 7:30 am, Thursday.C. 11:30 pm, Monday.D. 00:30 am, Sat

37、urday.【答案】36. D 37. A 38. A 39. C 40. D 【解析】考点：公告类短文阅读BWhether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at

38、 the robot company Jibo. While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.The Jibo robo

39、t, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesnt just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in

40、the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of

41、these spaces.Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The companys “Oshbot robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the products location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recomm

42、endations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies to train social robots t

43、o do things not for us, but with us, said Breazeal.41. How are social robots different from household robots? A. They can control their emotions.B. They are more like humans.C. They do the normal housework.D. They respond to users more slowly.42. What can a Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3?A.

44、Communicate with you and perform operations.B. Answer your questions and make requests.C. Take your family pictures and deliver milk.D. Obey your orders and remind you to take pills.43. What can Oshbot work as?A. A language teacher.B. A tour guide.C. A shop assistant.D. A private nurse.44. We can le

45、arn from the last paragraph that social robots will _. A. train employeesB. be our workmates C. improve technologiesD. take the place of workers45. What does the passage mainly present?A. A new design idea of household robots.B. Marketing strategies for social robots.C. Information on household robo

46、ts.D. An introduction to social robots.【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. B 45. D 【解析】考点：科技类短文阅读COne day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem inability to read

47、.In the library, I found my way into the “Childrens Room. I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my s

48、ecret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle.There on the books cover was a beagle which looked identical to my dog. I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover. My eyes ran across the title,

49、 Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title. Without opening the book, I borrowed it from the library for the summer.Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the sto

50、ry about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, runnin

51、g together.My mothers call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.I never told my mother about my “miraculo

52、us (奇迹般地) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The po

53、wer of the words has held.46. The authors mother told him to borrow a book in order to_.A. encourage him to do more walkingB. let him spend a meaningful summerC. help cure him of his reading problemD. make him learn more about weapons47. The book caught the authors eye because_.A. it contained prett

54、y pictures of animalsB. it reminded him of his own dogC. he found its title easy to understandD. he liked childrens stories very much48. Why could the author manage to read the book through? A. He was forced by his mother to read it.B. He identified with the story in the book.C. The book told the st

55、ory of his pet dog.D. The happy ending of the story attracted him.49. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The author has become a successful writer.B. The authors mother read the same book.C. The authors mother rewarded him with books.D. The author has had happy summers ever since.50. Wh

56、ich one could be the best title of the passage?A. The Charm of a BookB. Mums Strict OrderC. Reunion with My Beagle D. My Passion for Reading【答案】46. C47. B 48. B 49. A 50. A 【解析】试题分析：文章大意：文章讲述了作者从一名阅读困难的孩子到最终成为一名成功的作家的故事，告诉我们书本的魅力。46. C细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句This was one more weapon for her to defeat my st

57、range problem inability to read.可知母亲让他借书看是为了治愈他的阅读问题。应选C。47. B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child.可知此本书引起作者注意的原因。选B。48. B 推理判断题。根据第四段That dog was my dog, and I was

58、the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.可知作者感同身受地把自己与书本得主人公联系在一起。选B。49. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was 考点：记

59、叙类短文阅读DOnce when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice Ive ever had: Be bold and brave and mighty (强大的) forces will come to your aid.Those words made me see clearly that when I had falle

60、n short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the grou

61、nd again.Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas even physical strength greater than most of us realize.Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. “In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge