大学英语复习资料：Headline

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1、HeadlineThe Function of HeadlinesvSummarize the news contentvAttract readers attentionThe Structure of HeadlinesMain headlineSubheadto further explain or complement main headlineto arouse the readers interest Bush Heads to Michigan in Glow of Big Victory(Feb.21,2000.International Herald Tribune)布什乘大

2、胜之风挺进密歇根布什乘大胜之风挺进密歇根麦凯恩南卡州失利痛舔伤口麦凯恩南卡州失利痛舔伤口McCain Licks Wounds After South Carolina Rejects His CandidacySubhead Subheadto arouse the readers interestCharacteristics of HeadlinesvVocabularyvRhetorical DevicesvGrammarVocabulary1.Short Words2.Clippings3.Special Expression/Jargon4.Abbreviation and Acr

3、onym5.Compound Words6.loan words1.Short Wordsv Use easily-learned short words in news headlines.Here are a few of the most common:aid assistaim purpose,objectask questionban prohibit,forbidbid attempt,offerblast explosion,strong criticismcut reduction,shorteningcurb limit,controlend terminategap dis

4、crepancy,intervalgraft corruptionnab capturepact treaty,agreementprobe investigate,investigationrap criticize,blamerow quarrel,disagreementtry attempt,endeavortop exceedwed marry1.Short Words for Long Wordsassistaidagreementpactpurposeaimendeavortrycapturenabterminateendinvestigateprobestrong critic

5、ismblastprohibit/forbidbancontrol/limitcurbexceedtopdiscrepancygapmarrywedreductioncutVocabulary1.Short Words2.Clippings3.Special Expression/Jargon4.Abbreviation or Acronym5.Compound Words6.loan wordsvcorp(corporation)vteens(teenagers)vinfo(information)vporn(pornography)vexecs(executives)vchute(para

6、chute)vquake(earthquake)vtec(detective)vscript(prescription)vasst(assistant)vdept(department)vcrack(crack cocaine)vfinal(the final race)vsenior(a senior citizen)2.ClippingsWEEKLY MAG FOR STAMP LOVERS TO BE LAUNCHED MAGmagazine(杂志)集邮周刊即将发行2.ClippingsAussieAustralian(澳大利亚的)bizbusiness(商业)tellytelevisi

7、on(电视机)bn=billion(十亿)champchampion(冠军)conconvict(罪犯)expoexposition(博览会)gradgraduate(毕业生)homohomosexual(同性恋)libliberation(解放)proprofessional(专业的；职业的)reprepresentative(代表)secsecretary(秘书)2.Clippingscopter helicopter(直升机)techtechnology(技术)vetveteran(老兵；老手)vicvictory(胜利)narc=narcotics agent(缉毒探员)perm=pe

8、rmanent wave(烫发)pub=public house(小酒馆)natlnational(全国的)comlcommercial(商业的；广告)cteecommittee(委员会)CwealthCommonwealth(英联邦)govt/govtgovernment(政府)2.Clippingsbusinessbizhelicoptercopterpornography porncrack cocainecrackparachutechutedetectivetecdepartmentdeptexpositionexpoconvictconnationalnatlgovernmentg

9、ovt/govtrepresentativerepVocabulary1.Short Words2.Clippings3.Special Expression/Jargon4.Abbreviation or Acronym5.Compound Words6.loan wordsSpecial Expression/JargonJargon is commonly used by groups that have a similar interest,like trades and/or professions.It can be used by people involved in sport

10、s or other casual groups.Most people associate jargon with the medical or law professions rather than everyday conversations.People may use jargon to leave an impression of intelligence or to confuse a person.ExamplevWorld Cup kicks off,Brazil wins openerSpecial Expression/JargonTerminologyMeaningTe

11、rminologyMeaningleft and right 左派和右派左派和右派lash out强烈抨击强烈抨击bull market多头市场多头市场dove鸽派鸽派bear market空头市场空头市场hawk鹰派鹰派FAQ常见问题常见问题term任期任期kick off开始开始MI-5,MI-6英国情报英国情报机构机构Vocabulary1.Short Words2.Clippings3.Special Expression/Jargon4.Abbreviation or Acronym5.Compound Words6.loan words1)组织机构等专有名称组织机构等专有名称UNE

12、SCOUnited Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization(联合国教科文组织)IMFInternational Monetary Fund(国际货币基金组织)ASEANAssociation of Southeast Asian Nations(东南亚国家联盟；“东盟”)4.Abbreviation/Acronym(首字母缩写首字母缩写)1)组织机构等专有名称组织机构等专有名称WTOWorld Trade Organization(世界贸易组织)OPECOrganization of Petroleum Exportin

13、g Countries(石油输出国组织；“欧佩克”)PLOPalestine Liberation Organization(巴勒斯坦解放组织；“巴解”)4.Abbreviation/Acronym(首字母缩写首字母缩写)1)组织机构等专有名称组织机构等专有名称IOCInternational Olympic Committee(国际奥林国际奥林匹克委员会匹克委员会)NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration(美国国家宇航局美国国家宇航局)WHOWorld Health Organization(世界卫生组织世界卫生组织)OAUOrgan

14、ization of African Unity(非洲统一组织非洲统一组织)4.Abbreviation/Acronym(首字母缩写首字母缩写)2)常见事物的名称常见事物的名称UFOUnidentified Flying Object(不明飞行物；飞碟不明飞行物；飞碟)DJIDow-Jones Index(道道琼斯指数琼斯指数)PCPersonal Computer(个人电脑个人电脑)ABMAnti-ballistic Missile(反弹道导弹反弹道导弹)PRPublic Relations(公共关系公共关系)SALTStrategic Arms Limitation Talks (限制战略

15、武器会谈限制战略武器会谈)SDIStrategic Defence Initiative(战略防御措施战略防御措施)GMTGreenwich Mean Time(格林威治标准时间格林威治标准时间)4.Abbreviation/Acronym(首字母缩写首字母缩写)3)表示人们的职业、职务或职称的名词表示人们的职业、职务或职称的名词MP member of parliament(议员议员)PMprime minister(总理总理;首相首相)GMgeneral manager(总经理总经理)VIPvery important person(贵宾；要人贵宾；要人)TPtraffic policem

16、an(交通警察交通警察)PApersonal assistant(私人助理私人助理)4.Abbreviation/Acronym(首字母缩写首字母缩写)GOP=Grand Old Party“大老党大老党”（美国共和党的别称）（美国共和党的别称）Vocabulary1.Short Words2.Clippings3.Special Expression/Jargon4.Abbreviation or Acronym5.Compound Words6.loan words Chinese Web Opens Portals to New Way of LifeBooming Internet S

17、plits Haves and Have-nots(Washington Post,Feb.13,2000)How to translate this headline?中国的网络开启了新的生活方式之门中国的网络开启了新的生活方式之门新兴的互联网产业使贫富两分新兴的互联网产业使贫富两分5.Compound WordsvInstead of a all-out strike,the workers will stage a go-slow.工人们没有举行全面罢工，而是采取消极怠工的策略。工人们没有举行全面罢工，而是采取消极怠工的策略。5.Compound wordsv“Titanics”arch

18、etypes of good and evil,its star-crossed lovers,its handcuffed-to-the-post cliffhangers are foursquare and primalv checkbook participationv human shieldv war-wearyv far-reachingv wallet X-rayv a silence vowv supply-demand imbalancev labor-intensive enterprisev high-ranking officialv on-the-job train

19、ingv policy-making body 5.Compound wordsVocabulary1.Short Words instead of Long Words2.Clippings3.Special Expression/Jargon4.Abbreviation or Acronym5.Compound Words6.loan words6.loan wordsv“Karaoke 24/7”（Slate,July 10,2007）ad infinitum(拉丁文拉丁文)无穷地、永远地无穷地、永远地ad libitum(拉丁文拉丁文)即兴、随意即兴、随意embargo(西班牙文西班牙

20、文)禁运禁运;禁止贸易禁止贸易tout de suite(法文法文)立即立即;连续地连续地blitzkrieg(法文法文)闪电战闪电战coup de theatre(法文法文)非常事件非常事件;戏剧性的事态急转戏剧性的事态急转volkerwanderung(德文德文)民族迁徙民族迁徙geisha(日文日文)艺妓艺妓taekwondo(韩文韩文)跆拳道跆拳道paparazzi(意大利文意大利文)狗仔队狗仔队judo 柔道柔道sumo 相扑相扑tycoon 巨头巨头KungfuTai Chi hukou kowtow mahjong TaoReview:Vocabulary 1.Short Wor

21、ds2.Clippings3.Special Expression/Jargon4.Abbreviation or Acronym5.Compound Words6.loan wordsCharacteristics of HeadlinesvVocabularyvRhetorical DevicesvGrammarRhetorical Device1.Alliteration&Rhyme2.Metaphor3.Parody4.Pun1.Alliteration&RhymeNeedy or Greedy?是贫困还是贪婪？是贫困还是贪婪？Soldiers Salaries Soar 士兵薪水剧增

22、士兵薪水剧增Buzz,Buzz,Its the Fuzz嗡嗡，嗡嗡，是监视器在嗡嗡嗡嗡，嗡嗡，是监视器在嗡嗡Young Wheelers，Big Dealers 驾驶摩托小青年，保险公司大主顾驾驶摩托小青年，保险公司大主顾Starts with S,Ends with Ex怎一个怎一个“性性”字了得字了得1.Alliteration&RhymeNo Fans?“No Fret!”赛场没人气？赛场没人气？“咱可没生气！咱可没生气！”No Bill,No Bell.美以首脑会议不欢而散美以首脑会议不欢而散Yummy Mummy Without a TummyTick,Tock,Tick.Talk2

23、.MetaphorvSimile（明喻）（明喻）and Metaphor（暗喻）（暗喻）Hookers Getting the Hook 钓人者被钓钓人者被钓这是一篇有关美国一些城市打击卖淫活动的文章这是一篇有关美国一些城市打击卖淫活动的文章hookerhookerget the hookget the hookGuess what it is about?2.MetaphorMiddle East:a Cradle of Terror中东中东:恐怖主义的摇篮恐怖主义的摇篮A House in Two Parts两个部分拼凑成的房子两个部分拼凑成的房子加拿大讲法语的魁北克省与其他讲英语的省之间

24、长加拿大讲法语的魁北克省与其他讲英语的省之间长期以来存在的矛盾期以来存在的矛盾Rhetorical Device1.Alliteration&Rhyme2.Metaphor3.Parody4.Pun3.Parody a piece of writing,music,acting,etc.that deliberately copies the style of sb/sth in order to be amusing The Old Man and the Economic SeaThe Old Man and the Sea 老人与海老人与海(Written by Ernest Hemin

25、gway)3.Parody3.Parody A Tale of Two Hearts A Tale of Two Cities 双城记双城记(written by C.Dickens)双心记双心记Candidate In the Wind How a wavering Hilary Rodham Clinton finally decided to declareCandle In the Wind 风中之烛风中之烛(Played by Elton John)(Played by Elton John)“风中风中”候选人候选人摇摆不定的罗德姆摇摆不定的罗德姆 希拉里希拉里 克林顿克林顿缘何最后

26、决定宣布参选缘何最后决定宣布参选3.ParodyRed Star Over Hongkong 红星照耀下的香港红星照耀下的香港载于美国载于美国时代周刊时代周刊（Time，July 14，1997），以西方），以西方观点谈论香港回归中国的问题。观点谈论香港回归中国的问题。是对美国著名记者及作家是对美国著名记者及作家Edgar Snow的名著的名著Red Star Over China红星照耀下的中国红星照耀下的中国（又名（又名西行漫记西行漫记）的巧妙）的巧妙仿拟。仿拟。3.ParodyThey came，they saw，they were conquered.他们来了，他们看到了，他们被征服了

27、。他们来了，他们看到了，他们被征服了。仿拟古罗马恺撒大帝的名言仿拟古罗马恺撒大帝的名言I came，I saw，I conquered.（我来了，我看到了，我征服了），此处表现了法国球迷因（我来了，我看到了，我征服了），此处表现了法国球迷因自己的球队在韩日世界杯小组赛就被淘汰而遭受到的失望与自己的球队在韩日世界杯小组赛就被淘汰而遭受到的失望与无奈，形象地展示了法国队的尴尬境地。无奈，形象地展示了法国队的尴尬境地。3.ParodyThe son also rises儿子照样上位儿子照样上位这是一篇国际新闻，报道的是某国领导人让自己的儿子来接这是一篇国际新闻，报道的是某国领导人让自己的儿子来接班引

28、起外界的非议。结果儿子照样继承了父亲的职位。班引起外界的非议。结果儿子照样继承了父亲的职位。这里的这里的“son”和和“sun”是同音字，让人很容易联想到美国是同音字，让人很容易联想到美国作家海明威的著名小说作家海明威的著名小说The sun also rises，达到了讽刺、，达到了讽刺、戏谑的效果。戏谑的效果。3.ParodyRhetorical Device1.Alliteration&Rhyme2.Metaphor3.Parody4.Pun4.Pun Soccer Kicks Off with Violence(足球开踢，拳打脚踢足球开踢，拳打脚踢)Terror Strikes Hea

29、rt of US(恐怖袭击美国心脏恐怖袭击美国心脏)Climbers Hold Summit Talks(登山运动员会师峰顶登山运动员会师峰顶)Royal Ballet Keeps Fans on Their Toes (皇家芭蕾，奉献绝技皇家芭蕾，奉献绝技)Characteristics of HeadlinesvVocabularyvRhetorical DevicesvGrammarGrammar1.Omission2.Tense3.Voice4.PunctuationsOmission 1.articles,possessives and pronouns2.link verb“be”

30、and“there be”vItalian Ex-Mayor Murdered(An)Italian Ex-Mayor(Is)MurderedvMarried Women to Get Care Allowance Married Women(Are)to Get Care AllowancevWoman Kills Husband,Self(A)Woman Kills(Her)Husband(And)(Her)selfvZoo Escape Drama 动物园猛兽出逃，虚惊一场Grammar1.Omission2.Tense3.Voice4.Punctuations1.Present ten

31、sevFreshnessvReality vImmediacy 2.Infinitive vFuturevSth.undonePeking to Fire Test Rocket to South PacificGrammar1.Omission2.Tense3.Voice4.Punctuations3.VoicevPast Participles-Passive VoiceU.S Car Makers Viewed as Threat by Europeans Petrol Bomb Found outside Conservative ClubvVan Goghs Recovered Af

32、ter Theft 梵高名画窃而复得梵高名画窃而复得vFather Jailed for Murder of Daughter谋杀女儿父亲锒铛入狱谋杀女儿父亲锒铛入狱Grammar1.Omission2.Tense3.Voice4.PunctuationsPunctuation1.Comma “,”2.Question mark “?”3.Exclamation mark “!”4.Colon “:”5.Quotation mark “”maGuangzhou Fair Closes,Trade BoomsDis driver did drink，Ritz bartender says 3.E

33、xclamation MarkvFireballs!Twisters!Upside-Down F-18s!4.Colon vEmerson tells:Robson Neigh Can Do!vOwen:Watch Me Get BettervKoreans:Grumpy Toward AmericaGrammar Review1.Omission2.Tense3.Voice4.PunctuationsReviewv HeadlineWhat is a headline?Function of Headline and sub-headlineCharacteristics of HeadlinesVocabulary GrammarRhetoricReview v Vocabulary Short Words Clippings Special Expression/Jargon Abbreviation or Acronym Compound Words Loan wordsv Rhetoric Alliteration and Rhyme Metaphor Parody Pun v Grammar Omission Tense Voice Punctuation