毕业论文建筑工程基坑支护与加固的施工控制38937

《毕业论文建筑工程基坑支护与加固的施工控制38937》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《毕业论文建筑工程基坑支护与加固的施工控制38937（25页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、南通职业大学毕业论文 建筑施工过程中基坑支护与加固的施工控制 毕业设计（论文）类 型：毕业设计说明书 毕业论文题 目：建筑工程基坑支护与加固的施工控制学生姓名：高超指导教师：徐广舒专 业：建筑工程技术时 间：2012年 1 月 10 日摘 要本论文主要研究建筑施工过程中基坑支护与地基加固的控制。首先研究的是建筑工程中基坑支护与加固的类型，目前的支护结构主要是实体重力式支护结构和非重力式支护结构。由于施工中所处的地域环境各不行同，因此不同的地质和环境应选用不同形式进行支护。目前常见的支护结构有高压旋喷桩支护、冠梁支护、排桩支护、土钉墙等等。在基坑支护中我们重视质量、安全、进度等的控制，确保文明施

2、工，创造优质工程。关键词: 高压旋喷桩 、冠梁2AbstractThis paper mainly studies and Foundation reinforcement of Foundation pit support in building construction process control. First study is a type of building construction and reinforcement of Foundation pit support in, at present is the main supporting structure of sol

3、id non-gravity-gravity retaining structure and support structure. Due to the geographical environment, not in the construction, so different geology and environment should use different forms of support. Common support structure currently have and shoot beams of high pressure Jet Grouting pile retai

4、ning pile and soil-nailing wall and expulsion, and so on. We value quality in Foundation pit support, security, progress control, ensure that civilization construction to create quality projects. Keywords: high-pressure Rotary-Jet pile and shoot beams目录摘 要1Abstract21.绪论41.1.基坑支护常用的支护方法41.2.基坑支护的类型及其

5、特点和适用范围42目前基坑支护施工中存在的主要问题63基坑施工控制的意义64.基坑支护的施工控制84.1.钻孔灌注桩的施工控制84.1.1.孔斜的控制84.1.2.坍孔的控制94.1.3.缩径与糊钻的控制94.2.冠梁的施工控制94.2.1钢筋绑扎的控制94.2.2.模板支立的控制104.2.3.混凝土浇筑的控制104.2.4.拆模、养护的控制114.3.高压旋喷桩的施工控制144.2.1.高压喷射注浆的施工细节144.2.2.技术、质量保证措施14参考文献18致 谢191. 绪论1.1. 基坑支护常用的支护方法挡土桩支护、挡土板支护、分段支护、喷射混凝土支护、桩板式支护、木板桩支护、钢板桩和

6、钢管矢板支护、钢筋混凝土板桩支护、地下连续墙支护 .。11.111.11.1.1.2. 基坑支护的类型及其特点和适用范围1. 1.2.1mZ3i# 深层搅拌水泥土围护墙深层搅拌水泥土围护墙是采用深层搅拌机就地将土和输入的水泥浆强行搅拌,形成连续搭接的水泥土柱状加固体挡墙。水泥土围护墙优点:由于一般坑内无支撑,便于机械化快速挖土;具有挡土、止水的双重功能;一般情况下较经济;施工中无振动、无噪音、污染少、挤土轻微,因此在闹市区内施工更显出优越性。水泥土围护墙的缺点:首先是位移相对较大,尤其在基坑长度大时,为此可采取中间加墩、起拱等措施以限制过大的位移;其次是厚度较大,只有在红线位置和周围环境允许时

7、才能采用,而且在水泥土搅拌桩施工时要注意防止影响周围环境。 !=-pb 1.2.2高压旋喷桩高压旋喷桩所用的材料亦为水泥浆,它是利用高压经过旋转的喷嘴将水泥浆喷入土层与土体混合形成水泥土加固体,相互搭接形成排桩,用来挡土和止水。高压旋喷桩的施工费用要高于深层搅拌水泥土桩,但其施工设备结构紧凑、体积小、机动性强、占地少,并且施工机具的振动很小,噪音也较低,不会对周围建筑物带来振动的影响和产生噪音等公害,它可用于空间较小处,但施工中有大量泥浆排出,容易引起污染。对于地下水流速过大的地层,无填充物的岩溶地段永冻土和对水泥有严重腐蚀的土质,由于喷射的浆液无法在注浆管周围凝固,均不宜采用该法。 FIR9

8、XJ 1.2.3槽钢钢板桩这是一种简易的钢板桩围护墙,由槽钢正反扣搭接或并排组成。槽钢长68m ,型号由计算确定。其特点为:槽钢具有良好的耐久性,基坑施工完毕回填土后可将槽钢拔出回收再次使用;施工方便,工期短;不能挡水和土中的细小颗粒,在地下水位高的地区需采取隔水或降水措施;抗弯能力较弱,多用于深度4m的较浅基坑或沟槽,顶部宜设置一道支撑或拉锚;支护刚度小,开挖后变形较大。 qCOv4b 1.2.4钢筋混凝土板桩钢筋混凝土板桩具有施工简单、现场作业周期短等特点,曾在基坑中广泛应用,但由于钢筋混凝土板桩的施打一般采用锤击方法,振动与噪音大,同时沉桩过程中挤土也较为严重,在城市工程中受到一定限制。

9、此外,其制作一般在工厂预制,再运至工地,成本较灌注桩等略高。但由于其截面形状及配筋对板桩受力较为合理并且可根据需要设计,目前已可制作厚度较大(如厚度达500mm 以上) 的板桩,并有液压静力沉桩设备,故在基坑工程中仍是支护板墙的一种使用形式。 A;m)/ 1.2.5钻孔灌注桩钻孔灌注桩围护墙是排桩式中应用最多的一种,在我国得到广泛的应用。其多用于坑深715m 的基坑工程,在我国北方土质较好地区已有89m 的臂桩围护墙。钻孔灌注桩支护墙体的特点有:施工时无振动、无噪音等环境公害,无挤土现象,对周围环境影响小;墙身强度高,刚度大,支护稳定性好,变形小;当工程桩也为灌注桩时,可以同步施工,从而施工有

10、利于组织、方便、工期短;桩间缝隙易造成水土流失,特别时在高水位软粘土质地区,需根据工程条件采取注浆、水泥搅拌桩、旋喷桩等施工措施以解决挡水问题;适用于软粘土质和砂土地区,但是在砂砾层和卵石中施工困难应该慎用;桩与桩之间主要通过桩顶冠梁和围檩连成整体,因而相对整体性较差,当在重要地区,特殊工程及开挖深度很大的基坑中应用时需要特别慎重。 H0BUg 1.2.6 地下连续墙通常连续墙的厚度为600mm、800mm、1000mm，也有厚达1200mm的，但较少使用。地下连续墙刚度大，止水效果好，是支护结构中最强的支护型式，适用于地质条件差和复杂，基坑深度大，周边环境要求较高的基坑，但是造价较高，施工要

11、求专用设备。 hLAh5&t 土钉墙土钉墙是一种边坡稳定式的支护,其作用与被动的具备挡土作用的上述围护墙不同,它是起主动嵌固作用,增加边坡的稳定性,使基坑开挖后坡面保持稳定。土钉墙主要用于土质较好地区,我国华北和华东北部一带应用较多,目前我国南方地区亦有应用,有的已用于坑深10m 以上的基坑,稳定可靠、施工简便且工期短、效果较好、经济性好、在土质较好地区应积极推广。 .9+rKu 1.2.7SMW工法SMW工法亦称劲性水泥土搅拌桩法,即在水泥土桩内插入H 型钢等(多数为H 型钢,亦有插入拉森式钢板桩、钢管等) ,将承受荷载与防渗挡水结合起来,使之成为同时具有受力与抗渗两种功能的支护结构的围护墙

12、。SMW 支护结构的支护特点主要为:施工时基本无噪音,对周围环境影响小;结构强度可靠,凡是适合应用水泥土搅拌桩的场合都可使用,特别适合于以粘土和粉细砂为主的松软地层;挡水防渗性能好,不必另设挡水帷幕;可以配合多道支撑应用于较深的基坑;此工法在一定条件下可代替作为地下围护的地下连续墙,在费用上如果能够采取一定施工措施成功回收H 型钢等受拉材料;则大大低于地下连续墙,因而具有较大发展前景。 400用钢尺量6桩体直径mm50开挖后用钢尺量7桩身中心允许偏差0.2D用钢尺量，D为桩径12345123455.15.1结 论总之，基坑支护是建筑工程的关键工作，基础的稳固是保证万地高楼长立久安的根本，加强基

13、坑控制，不可忽视每一环节，注重过程控制，紧抓施工的质量、安全、进度、管理等，这样，相信未来的家园美好。参考文献1. 建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范GB50202-20022. 混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范GB5020420023. 建筑地基处理技术规范GJ7920024.致 谢时光匆匆如流水，转眼便是大学毕业时节，春梦秋云，聚散真容易。离校日期已日趋临近，毕业论文的的完成也随之进入了尾声。从开始进入课题到论文的顺利完成，一直都离不开老师、同学、朋友给我热情的帮助，在这里请接受我诚挚的谢意!三年寒窗，所收获的不仅仅是愈加丰厚的知识，更重要的是在阅读、实践中所培养的思维方式、表达能力和广阔视野

14、。很庆幸这些年来我遇到了许多恩师益友，无论在学习上、生活上还是工作上都给予了我无私的帮助和热心的照顾，让我在诸多方面都有所成长。感恩之情难以用语言量度，谨以最朴实的话语致以最崇高的敬意。感谢我身在远方的父母！ 感谢所有教育过我的老师！你们传授给我的专业知识是我不断成长的源泉，也是完成本论文的基础。你们给我生活上的关怀和精神上的鼓励是我学习的动力。g an employment tribunal claimEmployment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees.You may need to make

15、 a claim to an employment tribunal if: you dont agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly.For more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seeDismissal.You can make a claim to an em

16、ployment tribunal, even if you haventappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal.Remember that in most cases you must make an application to a

17、n employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept it.If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations

18、 listed underFurther help.Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation.Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an

19、 employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. This is known as ada

20、mages-based agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor cant charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.If you are thinking about signing up for a damages-based agreement, you should make sure youre clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice fro

21、m an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by e-mail, click onnearest CAB.For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeEmployment tribunals.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-

22、based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me its abou

23、t how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCitys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate invest

24、igation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA.Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life

25、became the appearance of the same day; May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, sud

26、denly feel something, do it.一字开头的年龄已经到了尾声。或许是愧疚于自己似乎把转瞬即逝的很多个不同的日子过成了同一天的样子；或许是追溯过去，对自己那些近乎偏执的怪异信念的醒悟，这些天以来，思绪一直很凌乱，在脑海中不断纠缠。总觉得自己自己似乎应该去做点什么，或者写点什么。二十年的人生轨迹深深浅浅，突然就感觉到有些事情，非做不可了。The end of our life, and can meet many things really do?而穷尽我们的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？During my childhood, think lucky money

27、and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found t

28、hat isnt really grow up, it seems is not so important; Then in high school, think dont want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sw

29、eat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already cant remember his appearance.童年时，觉得压岁钱和新衣服是过年必备，但是随着年龄的推进，会越来越发现，那些东西根本就可有可无；初中时，以为要有一场暗恋才意味着真正的成长，但三年过去后，自己心平气和的写同学录的时候，突然就发现是不是真正的成长了，好像并没有那么重要了；然后到了高中，觉得非要吐露出自己的心声才能为高中生涯里的懵懂情愫划上一个句点，但毕业晚会的时候最终还是被梗塞在了咽喉，后来再

30、次站在他曾经挥汗如雨的球场，看着他投过篮球的球框时，突然间发现自己已经想不起他的容颜。Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原来，这个世界上，对某个事件能产生化学反应的，除了非做不可的坚决，还有，时间。A persons time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, line is clear, as if nothing coul

31、d shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injecti

32、on, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一个人的时候，自己的想法总是特别地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明确，好像没有什么可以撼动自己。也曾经好像已经下定了决心去做某件事，但更多的时候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌恶过自己的怯懦，最终却发现有很多缘分，有很多错过，好像冥冥之中真的已经注定。那些曾经所谓的非做不可，只是青葱年华里自己给自己注射的一支强心剂，或者说，是自以为是的精神寄托罢了。At the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. Suddenly thought

33、of blue plaid shirt; Those were broken into various shapes of stationery; From the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; Have declared the end of the encounter that havent start planning. Those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.此刻，天空是阴暗的，空气里有着刚下过雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件

34、蓝格子衬衫；那些被折成各种各样形状的信纸；那段从街角深巷伊始的友谊；还有那场还没有开始就宣告了终结的邂逅计划那些年那些天的非做不可，终于和青春一样，都将在我们的人生中谢幕。Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and

35、 limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weatheThe balloon will slowly drift to the ed