八年级英语下册Unit2Travelling知识点总结及测试卷新版牛津版0529155

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1、 Unit2 Travelling单元重点知识点总览1在英语中，go, come, arrive, leave, start等表示“位置移动”的动词，它们的进行时态往往表将来，含有意图、安排或打算的含义。2. before用作副词，意为“以前”。常与现在完成时连用，也可与一般过去时连用。通常位于句末。【拓展】before还可用作介词或连词，意为“在之前”，可表示时间、位置、顺序等。3. join用作及物动词，意为“加入”，表示加入某一组织、党派、社会团体或某一人群中，从而成为其成员。Join后常出现club, army, team, group以及表示人称代词宾格的单词等。【拓展】take p

2、art in意为“参加/参与某项工作、活动、游戏或会议等”，强调参加者持有积极的态度，并起到一定的作用。Take part in之后接名词或动名词。相当于join in。join sb. in意为“参加到中”。4. excited形容词，意为“感到兴奋的，感到激动的”。可以构成：be excited at/ about sth. 对某事感到激动；be excited to do sth. 激动地去做某事；be excited that+从句。辨析：excited与excitingexcited感到兴奋的、激动的表示人的心理感受作表语时，其主语一般是人exciting令人兴奋的表示某事（物）给人

3、的感觉作表语时，其主语一般是物5. come from意为“来自，从.来”，相当于be from，表示某人或某物来自某一地方。注意be是连系动词，come是实意动词，两个短语的否定和疑问形式不一样。6. miss作及物动词，意为“想念”。miss及物动词，还可意为“未赶上，错过”。7. have a fantastic time 意为 “过得愉快；玩得开心”，其中形容词fantastic还可用good, great和wonderful等词替代。也可构成短语：have a good/ fantastic/ great/ wonderful time doing sth. 开心地做某事。8. wh

4、ole形容词，意为 “整个的，全部的”。whole 与all的用法9. at high speed意为“以高速”，at low speed意为“以低速”。10. ride作可数名词，意为“乘坐（游乐设施），骑，（骑马、骑自行车或乘车的）旅行”。11. hurry1）hurry作不及物动词，意为“匆忙，赶忙”。2） 动词不定式短语to have a quick meal在句子作目的状语，说明去餐馆的目的。动词不定式构成的目的状语可位于句首， 用逗号与主句隔开，也可以位于谓语动词之后。13. on the way意为“在路上”。On the / ones way to表示“在（某人）去的路上”，如

5、果后面接副词here, there, home等，则省略介词to。14. such as意为“例如”。辨析：such as, like与for example15. cant stop doing sth. 意为“忍不住做某事”。辨析：stop doing sth. 与stop to do sth.16. tale photos意为“拍照”，其同义短语为take pictures。17. Watch作及物动词，意为“观看，注视”。可构成短语：watch TV看电视；watch matches看比赛。【拓展】watch sb. do sth. “看到某人做某事”，此时指看到某个动作发生的全过程，

6、或看到某个经常发生的动作。watch sb. doing sth.“看到某人正在做某事”，此时表示看见某个动作正在进行。18. smell用作实意动词，意为“嗅，闻，闻到”。【拓展】1. smell名词，意为“气味；嗅觉”。 2. smell连系动词，后面跟形容词构成系表结构，意为“闻起来”。19. feel作及物动词，意为“感觉到”。20. a couple of意为“几个、几件”，a couple of也可以表示“两个”。couple意为“两人，两件事物；几个人，几件事物”，也可表示“夫妻；情侣”。21. sure形容词，意为“确信的；肯定的”，常见用法有：结构含义主语be sure of

7、+名词/代词感到对有把握或确信人be sure +that从句be sure to do sth推测一定或必然会人或物22. at the end of意为“在的末尾，在的尽头”。辨析：at the end of, by the end of与in the end23. in front of意为“在.的前面”，表示位置关系，相当于介词before。辨析：in front of与in the front of24. during介词，意为“在期间”。辨析：during, in 与for25. stay用作可数名词，意为“逗留，停留”。一般用单数形式。26. How long 意为“多长时间，多

8、久”。辨析：how long, how soon 与how often27. family作可数名词，意为“家，家庭，家人”。其复数形式要变y为i，再加-es，即families。28. at the moment为介词短语，相当于now，意为“此刻；现在”，用于一般现在时或现在进行时的句子中，作时间状语，其中moment为可数名词，意为“瞬间；片刻”。29. see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人在做某事”。辨析：see sb. doing sth. 与see sb. do sth.30. Be away意为“不在”，表示“离开”的状态，可以和一段时间连用，away后若有“地点

9、”须加from，即be aw ay from。31. be on意为“上演；开着”，可以表示延续状态。32. die死 die 不及物动词，意为“死”。与其相关的词有：dies（第三人称单数），died（过去式），dying（现在分词），dead（形容词），death（名词）。辨析：die与dead33. arrive不及物动词，意为“到达”，表示到达较小的地方用arrive at，表示到达较大的地方用arrive in。34. for介词，意为“达；计”，表示动作或情况持续的时间长度。【拓展】for作介词的其他用法：（表示目的，用途）为了；供（表示对象）为，给；对于；关于；至于，对而言（表示

10、目标、去向）往；到（表示约定的时间）在（时间） 赞成；支持；同意 代替；代表 （表示解释理由）因为，由于35. Show此处用作可数名词，意为“节目，表演，展览”。【拓展】on show展览，展出show还可作及物动词，意为“出示，给看”，可用于两种结构，即show sb. sth.和show sth. to sb. 36. all year round“一年到头，全年”。【拓展】all day long“整天，一天到晚”。37. except介词，意为“除了之外”，表示“从整体中除去”，有“减”的意思。【拓展】1. besides表示“除之外，还有”，有“加”的意思。2. except fo

11、r意为“除之外”，指非同类事物间的排除，用于对前文所叙述情况的修订与补充。33. may情态动词，表示猜测，意为“可能”。辨析：may be与maybe34. on business 意为“出差”，是固定短语。【拓展】1. business作可数名词，意为“企业，商店，工厂”。2. business 作不可数名词，意为“商业，生意”。常用词组：do business with sb. 意为“和某人做生意”35. leave for意为“动身去”，后接地点名词。leave A for B表示“离开A地去B地”。【拓展】leave作及物或不及物动词，意为“离开”。leave用作及物动词，意为“留下

12、”。leave用作及物动词，意为“遗忘，把落下”。leave作不可数名词，意为“假，假期”。36. three and a half hours意为“三个半小时”，也可以用three hours and a half表示。英语中表示“半”用“数词+and+a half+复数名词”或“数词+名词（单数或复数）+and + a half”。37. Buy sth. for sb. 意为“给某人买某物”，相当于buy sb. sth.，即buy能跟双宾语，当表物的（直接）宾语为代词时，只能用buy sth. for sb. 结构。38. Some day意为“将来的某一天”。辨析：some day

13、与one day语 法(1) “have/ has been to +地点名词”表示“去过某地”，表示某人的一种经历，说话时已不在那个地方，常和once, twice, never, ever等连用。当地点为副词时，则要省掉no。-Where have you been？ 你去哪儿了？-Ive been to the post office. 我去邮局了。（人已不在邮局）-Have you ever been to Shanghai? 你曾去过上海吗？-No, Ive never been there. 没有，我从来没有去过那儿。(2) “have/has gone to+地点名词”表示“去了

14、某地”，说话时某人已离开此地，在去某地的路上、已在某地或在回来的路上，所以此句型常用于第三人称，不能与时间状语once, twice, never, ever等连用，也不能和for以及since构成的短语连用。-Where is Simon? 西蒙在哪儿？-He has gone to Australia with his family. 他和家人一起去澳大利亚了。（人已不在这儿，在去澳大利亚的路上、已在澳大利亚或从澳大利亚返回的途中）助记 have/has been to, have/has gone to意不同，两者用法当分清。 have/has been to+地点，“曾经去过某地”行；

15、 have/has gone to+地点，“已去某地”人无踪。【拓展】“have/has been in +地点名词”表示“在某地待过（多久）”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经3天了。We have been in China since 5 years ago. 我们自从5年前就来中国了。How long have you been in New York? 你在纽约多久了？2. 非延续性动词与延续性动词【教材典句】1. We havent seen each other si

16、nce last week. 自从上周以来我们就没见过面。2. Mr. Dong has lived here for many years. 董先生住在这里很多年了。3. The film has been on for 20 minutes. 电影已经上演20分钟了。4. The first dolphin show began at 11:30 a.m. 第一场海豚表演是在上午11:30开始的。句1中的see是非延续性动词；句2中的live是延续性动词；句3中的be on表示状态，可以延续；句4中的begin是非延续性动词。【语法全解】(1) 非延续性动词也称为短暂性动词或瞬息动词，这类

17、动词所表示的动作往往在“瞬间”就完成了，动作不能“持续”，可以用于完成时态，但在完成时态的句子中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since two days ago, for two years等。如果要表示该动作的延续，就需要将其转换为延续性动词或表示状态的词。The film started two hours ago. 电影是两个小时前开始的。（正确）The film has been on for two hours. 电影已经开始两个小时了。（正确）The film has started. 电影已经开始了。 （正确）The film has started for two hou

18、rs. 电影已经开始两个小时了。（错误）常见的非延续性动词有：die, buy, borrow, lend, come, go, arrive, stop, finish, leave, open, close, begin, start, see, marry, join, hear等。(2) 延续性动词，是指动作可以延续的动词，可以跟表示持续一段时间的时间状语连用。常用的延续性动词有：keep, have, last, run, eat, drink, sing, sleep, sit, teach, live, stay等。I have kept the book for two day

19、s. 这本书我已经借了两天了。He will stay here for a week. 他要在这里待一周。(3) 非延续性动词所表示的动作不能持续，若要跟for或since等表示一段时间的状语，则该非延续性动词要用延续性动词或表示状态的词来替换。Jim left his hometown last year. 吉姆去年离开了家乡。=Jim has been away from his hometown for a year. 吉姆离开家乡一年了。常见的非延续性动词和对应的延续性动词或表示状态的词：非延续性动词 延续性动词/表示状态的词die be deadborrow keepbuy/cat

20、ch haveget up be upcome/arrive/go be in/atfinish/stop be overleave be away (from)open be openclose be closedbegin/start be onmarry be marriedjoin be in/ be a member of(4) 非延续性动词的现在完成时的否定式可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，因为非延续性动词的这种否定形式构成一种状态，而这一状态是可以持续的。例如：He hasnt bought any sweets for a year. 他已经有一年没有买糖果了。 I have

21、nt seen Mr. Zhang for ages. 我好几年没有看到张先生了。单元重点短语归纳1. on business 出差2. a few 几个，一些3. come from 来自4. have a fantastic time 玩得开心5. by underground 乘地铁6. at high speed 高速7. take photos 拍照8. a couple of 一对；几个；几件9. at the end of 在末尾10. how about 怎么样11. come back 回来12. look at 看13. half an hour 半小时14. all ye

22、ar round 终年，一年四季15. by the way 顺便问一句16. some day 将来的某一天17. get excited 变得激动18. run after 追赶19. have gone to 去了20. attend a meeting 开会，出席会议21. a member of.的一员22. natural beauty 天然美景23. on cold and snowy days 在寒冷的下雪的日子里24. by the lake 在湖边25. leave for 动身去26. have/has been to 去过.27. each other 互相28. th

23、e whole day 一整天29. roller coaster 过山车30. such as 例如31. do some shopping 购物32. have fun 玩的开心33. in front of 在的前面34. how long 多久，多长时间35. winter holiday 寒假36. be away from 离开37. in spring 在春天38. theme park 主题公园39. three and a half hours 三个半小时40. on the way 在路上41. later in the afternoon 下午晚些时候42. under

24、the fireworks 在烟火下43. have a look 看一看44. go for a picnic 去野餐45. Chinese gardens 中国园林46. fly to 飞往句型归纳1. let sb. + do sth. 让某人做某事2. I dont think+从句 我认为.不.3. cant stop+doing 忍不住做某事4. look+形容词 看起来.5. enjoy oneself 玩得开心6. lots of +复数可数名词/不可数名词 许多7. want to do sth. 想要做某事8. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人在做某事9. a

25、rrive in+地点名词 到达某地10. love doing 喜欢做某事11. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人花费时间做某事12. buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物13. It is+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是8B Unit 2单元测试（A）卷一、 短语翻译（每题1分，共10分）1. 进行一次旅行_ 2带上所有的东西 _3. 去滑雪 _ 4. 一整天 _5. 乘地铁去某地_ 6. 在入口处 _7. 对感兴趣_ 8. 一天中最好的部分_9. 行进穿过公园_ 10. 看一场3D电影 _二、 单项选择（每题1分，共15分）(

26、)1. We will meet _the entrance to the park. Please be there before 8 oclock. A. from B. onC. at D. out of( )2. - Excuse me, where is Mr Greens office? - Sorry, I dont know. I _here for only a few days. A. work B. worked C. have worked D. will work( )3. - How long did you spend writing the report? -

27、Well, it took me about ten hours_. A. at allB. of all C. in all D. with all( )4. The new underground has been in service_. A. for two years ago B. since two years ago C. since two years D. in two years( )5. I have many hobbies, _ dancing, singing and swimming. A. as exampleB. as C. such as D. instea

28、d of( )6. My uncle _Nanjing since he got a job in Shanghai. A. has left B. leaves C. left D. has been away from( )7. - Is it your first time to go to Nanjing? - Yes. I have never _Nanjing before. A. gone to B. left C. visited to D. been to( )8. May has taught English for three years. She _a teacher

29、when she was 23. A. becomesB. became C. has been D. has become( )9. The tickets are _now. but I still keep mine. A. useless B. used C. use D. using( )10. - Have you ever heard about the famous octopus(章鱼)Paul? - Yes. It was an amazing octopus. But sadly, it _for several months. A. died B. has died C

30、. has dead D. has been dead( )11 _exciting experience we had in Hong Kong Disneyland !. A. What an B. What C. How D. How an( )12. (2013 孝感)- Dad, why must I stop_ computer games? - For your health, my boy. A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing( )13. -How long did it take you _ the report? - Ab

31、out two hours. A. write B. to write C. writing D. wrote ( )14. Mark _ in China for 10 years and now he teaches Chinese in Britain. A. has worked B. worked C. have worked D. is working ( )15. (2013 .孝感)- Id like you to tell me something about Shennongjia. -Im sorry, but neither Jack nor I _ there. A.

32、 have been B. had been C. have gone D. has gone三、 完形填空（每题1分，共10分）Scientists study the world and learn about things using a process called the scientific method(方法). By asking important questions and 01 the answers, it is possible to make amazing discoveries! Sometimes a scientist is 02 to answer his

33、 own questions, but if he has taken good notes another scientist may come along later who is able to use new knowledge to answer it.When you use the scientific method to 03 an experiment, you start by making observations(观察) about something that 04 you. Based on your observations, you make a hypothe

34、sis. This is using 05 you know to make a smart guess about what you think could happen. Then you are ready to begin your experiment. All 06 your experiment you take down notes, which are 07 experiment date(资料). You are constantly making observations during this time. You may make discoveries that ca

35、use you to improve your experiment as you go. 08 , you conclude your experiment and begin to look over your notes to decide what it all means. Based on what you have learned, you make a final statement about 09 your hypothesis was correct or not. You have to have reasons and evidence to support what

36、 you are saying.Using the scientific method can be difficult, but rewarding. Because all the steps are organized in a process, the 10 are more valid(可信的). When you provide observations as evidence to support what you are saying, your ideas are more likely to be accepted.( ) 1. A. waiting forB. searc

37、hing forC. worrying aboutD. complaining about( ) 2. A. unable B. sure C. ready D. surprised( ) 3. A. read B. refuse C. prevent D. conduct( ) 4. A. hurts B. represents C. interests D. attacks( ) 5. A. what B. when C. why D. which( ) 6. A. without B. including C. except D. during( ) 7. A. controlled B

38、. arranged C. called D. carried( ) 8. A. ObviouslyB. Suddenly C. Finally D. Mostly( ) 9. A. whether B. what C. how D. when( )10.A. problem B. results C. services D. aims四、阅读理解（每题2分，共30分）A（2013 江苏泰州）(Reneea beautiful princessBrooa blue bearNahlooa magical place)When the Princess Renee heard about Bro

39、o, she came down form her castle. She found Broo while he was eating honey.“Mr. Bear，” the Princess said, “you are welcome in Nahloo. Here we share with each other. We dont take things from each other.”Broo thought about it for a moment and realized that he had made a mistake. “Well, he said, ”“mayb

40、e drinking all that milk wasnt the best idea.”The Princess continued, “Mr. Bear, you can drink and eat, but you wont feel good because you have never made any contribution to anyone else. I think youll find that it is better to be full in your heart, not just in your stomach.” After saying this, the

41、 Princess went back to the castle, leaving Broo alone.One day, Broo was going to take lots of cookies from the rabbits, then he remembered what the Princess said to him. So Broo decided not to eat the cookies. The rabbits were surprised and said, “Thank you for your kindness, Mr. Bear. Now these coo

42、kies will taste sweeter because they are given by you, my friend. If you like, come back tomorrow and we can have the cookies together.”Broo was filled with joy and went through the land. He gave back everything he had taken. In return, he received a promise from everyone to share their food with hi

43、m. Broo was so surprised that he started dancing in the moonlight with the Princess as his partner.()1. What the Princess Renee came down, Broo was _A. watching with rabbits B. eating honeyC. living everything back D. having cookies.()2. In Nahloo, _A. the Princess Renee stayed with Broo all the tim

44、eB. everyone was happy to share with each otherC. Broo took a lot of cookies from rabbitsD. Broo never realized his mistake()3. Broo felt _ after he gave the cookies back to the rabbits.A. sad B. surprised C. happy D. hungry()4. The passage is probably form _A. an advertisement B. a tour guideC. an

45、application D. a story book()5. What can we learn from the passage?A. Its better to give than to receive.B. Every dog has its day.C. The early bird catches the worm.D. Many hands make light work.BOn February 9th, 2013, Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Bill

46、y Ray Harris. She reached into her change purse, emptied out all the coins she had and gave them to the homeless man. Neither of them realized that this small generous act would change their lives.Sarah didnt realize that she had given Billy not only all her change but also her diamond ring that she

47、 had put in her change purse earlier until the following morning. She and her husband, Bill Crecy, rushed to see if they could find Billy. The homeless man was not only in the same place, he also immediately returned the ring. The grateful couple paid him back for his honesty by emptying out their p

48、ockets of all the money they had.Bill Crecy, a web designer, felt that he needed to do something more for this amazingly honest man. So on February 18th, he set up a special page to raise money for him. In just four days, Billy received over $85,000 and there seems to be no end yet.That is not enoug

49、h. Billy is living with a person who is generous instead of living in the streets. And thats not allThanks to the news report, he got together again with his older brother, Edwin Harris who he had been unable to find for 27 years.All the good luck is just because Billy did the right thingreturning s

50、omething that did not belong to him.( )6. When did Sarah realize that she had also given Billy her diamond ring?A. On February 9th, 2013 B. On February 10th, 2013C. On February 18th, 2013 D. On February 22nd 2013 ( )7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Billy is living with a

51、generous person.B. Billy has found his brother.C. Billy bought a diamond ring.D. Billy appeared in the news report( )8. The underlined word “That” in Paragraph 4 refers to(指代) “_”.A. returning the ring B. setting up a pageC. living in the streets D. receiving money( )9. Whose lives were changed?A. S

52、arah DarlingsB. Billy HarrissC. Bill CrecysD. All of above( )10. Whats the best title of the passage ?A. Generous Woman Changed Her Own LifeB. Kind Man Set Up Special PageC. Homeless Man Returned Diamond RingD. Many People Donated Much MoneyCWater is the most common substance(物质) found on the earth,

53、 but less than 1% of the earths water is suitable for drinking. More than 1,000,000,000 people around the world survive on just over 1 galon of water a day. Probably more than 3,000,000,000 people may suffer from not having enough water by the year 2025. You are considered lucky if you live in a cou

54、ntry where you can drink water out of your kitchen tap or bathroom tap. People in some countries have to pay for drinking water at home. So clean water is one of our most valuabe natural resources(资源).In fact, peole waste(浪费) so much clean water today. In factories lots of water is wasted. At home m

55、any people are not taking showers but still baths, and many are brushing their teeth with the tap turned on. Children are no longer taught how to save water.You can save clean water in many ways. For example, if you keep gold fish, the tank water is excellent for graden plants. And when you wash a m

56、ilk bottle, pour the water on your house plants. Putting a brick or a bottle into your toilet tank many help use less water, saving many gallons over a long time.Using rainwater is another simple way to save clean water. You can use rainwater to wash your hands after gardening, flush the toilet, and

57、 wash your car, your pet, your driveway when they are dirty.For the same reason, people in Malaysia are encouraged to use rainwater. If one has a house with a small garden, he would buy a huge plastic tank to keep rainwater for their daily life.( )11. We can learn from the passage _.A. when man cant

58、 live without waterB. where there is no water resourceC. why there is less water on the earthD. how important it is to save water( )12. According to the passage, one of the ways to save water is _.A. to stop keeping gold fishB. to pay much for drinking waterC. to use it in a clever wayD. to educate

59、those who waste water( )13. The underlined word “flush” in Paragraph 4 means “_”.A. clean something with waterB. pour water over somethingC. make somehting wet with waterD. get water out of something( )14. People are ecouraged to use rainwater _.A. so that it can make our life easierB. so that clean water can be kept for other usesC. because it is free and easy to getD. because there is no clean water left for them( )15. Why is c