WilliamCullenBryant威廉卡伦布莱恩特

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1、1William Cullen Bryant 威廉威廉-卡伦卡伦-布莱恩特布莱恩特(1794-1878)The American Wordsworth One of the greatest translators:Iliad(伊伊利亚特利亚特)and Odyssey(奥德赛奥德赛)Definer of the character and tone of American poetrylooking to nature and American landscape for evidence of the divine.2William Cullen Bryant(1794-1878)the f

2、irst American lyric poet31)Worksa)Poems 1821b)The Fountain 1842诗选诗选泉泉4c)The White-Footed Deer 1844 d)A Forest Hymn 1860e)The Flood of Years 1878白蹄鹿白蹄鹿森林赋森林赋似水流年似水流年5f)“To a Waterfowl”1815g)“Thanatopsis”1817h)“The Yellow Violet”1814致水鸟致水鸟死亡随想死亡随想黄色堇香花黄色堇香花62）Life Bryant was a poet,and editor.He was b

3、orn into a doctors family in Massachusetts.He started to write poems when he was 14 years old.7 Bryant quitted his study in university and then became a lawyer.In 1825,he turned to journalism.In 1827,he became an editor for Evening Post and wrote a lot of political criticism.But it is his poetry whi

4、ch made him popular among people.8v He was influenced by Graveyard School in England and wrote“Thanatopsis”.His best works are his lyric poems about nature and so his style is quite similar to that of Wordsworth.9 The most accomplished and popular American poet of the first half of the nineteenth ce

5、ntury,Bryant also was the first American poet to receive substantial international acclaim.Bryant is considered an early proponent of Romanticism in American literature,and his work is often compared thematically and stylistically to that of English Romantic poet William Wordsworth.Opposing eighteen

6、th-century poetic conventions and using experimental iambic rhythms,Bryants poetry usually meditates on nature and the transience of earthly things.10 Although its themes were few and its thought not profound,Bryants verse possessed a simple dignity and an impeccable restrained style,most notably in

7、 Thanatopsis (1817)and To a Waterfowl(1821),the poems for which he is best remembered.Since Bryant also spent more than fifty years of his life as editor of the New York Evening Post,a career which ranks among the longest in American journalism,he never fully developed his poetic talents.However,Bry

8、ants literary efforts make him an important,if somewhat overlooked,figure in American poetry.11布赖恩特 威廉柯伦布莱恩特（William Bullen Bryant,1794-1878），美国诗人和新闻记者。作为美国首位重要的自然派诗人，他经常被称为“美国的华兹华斯”。布莱恩特的作品受沃兹沃斯的影响，不过，他所描述的是美国有代表性的鸟语花香和其他自然美景。死亡随想是他在17岁之前创作的，表达了死亡不可避免、人们必须接受的哲学理念。布莱恩特做报社编辑长达50之久，对政治和社会问题很感兴趣。他采用无韵诗

9、的形式翻译了荷马的伊利亚特（1870年）和奥德赛（2卷，1871-73年），保留了原诗的质朴和庄重。12威廉柯伦布赖恩特 布莱恩特出生在马萨诸塞州的库明顿，在九岁之前就开始写诗。禁运（1808年）是他发表的第一部诗作，对杰斐逊政府进行了批评。在威廉斯学院读书一年后，布莱恩特成为一名律师。1821年，布莱恩特在剑桥出版了一部诗集，收入了死亡随想、致水鸟，及其他早先发表在北美评论上的诗作。1824-25年间，他在美国文学报上发表了20到30首诗。13 Each pair of unstressed and stressed syllables makes up a unit called a fo

10、ot.The line contains five feet in all,as shown next:1 2 3 4 5 shall I.|.comPARE.|.theeTO.|.aSUM.|.mers DAY?.A foot containing an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable(as above)is called an iamb.Because there are five feet in the line,all iambic,the meter of the line is iambic pentamete

11、r.14本诗的韵律分析 In each stanza,the poet uses iambic trimeter in lines 1 and 4 but iambic pentameter in lines 2 and 3.The second stanza illustrates this format:.vain LY the FOWL ers EYE three iambic feet might MARK thy DIST ant FLIGHT to DO thee WRONG,five iambic feet as,DARK ly SEEN a GAINST the CRIM so

12、n SKY,five iambic feet thy FIG ure FLOATS a LONG.three iambic feet15To a Waterfowl To a Waterfowl is a lyric poem of eight four-line stanzas presenting the musings of a person observing a soaring waterfowl.Bryant completed the poem in 1818 and published it in a collection,Poems,in 1821.According to

13、biographer Parke Godwin,Bryant was traveling from Cummington,Massachusetts,to Plainfield when he saw a high-flying bird that later inspired him to write the poem,one of his most popular.16 To a Waterfowl Whither,midst falling dew,While glow the heavens with the last steps of day,Far,through their ro

14、sy depths,dost thou pursue Thy solitary way?Vainly the fowlers eye Might mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong,As,darkly seen against the crimson sky,Thy figure floats along.Seekst thou the plashy brink Of weedy lake,or marge of river wide,Or where the rocking billows rise and sink On the chafed

15、ocean-side?17 There is a Power whose care Teaches thy way along that pathless coast The desert and illimitable air Lone wandering,but not lost.All day thy wings have fanned,At that far height,the cold,thin atmosphere,Yet stoop not,weary,to the welcome land,Though the dark night is near.And soon that

16、 toil shall end;Soon shalt thou find a summer home,and rest,And scream among thy fellows;reeds shall bend,Soon,oer thy sheltered nest.18 Thou rt gone,the abyss of heaven Hath swallowed up thy form;yet,on my heart Deeply hath sunk the lesson thou hast given,And shall not soon depart.He,who,from zone

17、to zone,Guided through the boundless sky thy certain flight,In the long way that I must tread alone,Will lead my steps aright.19Summary The poet questions where the waterfowl is going.He questions his motives for flying.He warns the waterfowl that he could possibly find danger,traveling alone.But,th

18、is waterfowl is not alone.He knows that the waterfowl is being led by some Power.As the waterfowl reaches out of the narrators sight,the narrator reflects on Gods guidance in his own life.The narrator is sure that God has led this waterfowl,and that the waterfowl had faith in the narrator.Now,the na

19、rrators faith is strengthened.He knows that God is guiding him as well.20Whither,midst falling dew,While glow the heavens with the last steps of day,Far,through their rosy depths,dost thou pursue Thy solitary way?你要去往何方？露珠正在坠落，天穹闪耀着白昼最后的脚步，远远地，穿过玫瑰色的深处，你求索着孤独的道路。21 Vainly the fowlers eyeMight mark t

20、hy distant flight to do thee wrong,As,darkly seen against the crimson sky,Thy figure floats along.也许，猎鸟者的眼睛徒劳地看着你远飞，想要伤害你，当红色的天空衬着你的身影，你飘摇而去。22 Seekst thou the plashy brink Of weedy lake,or marge of river wide,Or where the rocking billows rise and sink On the chafed ocean-side?你想要飞往何处？要寻觅杂草丛生、潮湿的湖岸？

21、大河的边沿，还是磨损的海滩？那里有动荡的巨浪起起落落23 There is a Power whose care Teaches thy way along that pathless coast The desert and illimitable air Lone wandering,but not lost.有一种力量关照着你，教导你在无路的海滨，荒漠和浩淼的长空，独自漫游，不会迷失。24 All day thy wings have fanned,At that far height,the cold,thin atmosphere,Yet stoop not,weary,to the

22、 welcome land,Though the dark night is near.你整天拍打着翅膀，扇着远天那寒冷的稀薄大气，尽管黑夜已靠近，你已疲惫 也不肯屈尊降落安全的大地。25 And soon that toil shall end;Soon shalt thou find a summer home,and rest,And scream among thy fellows;reeds shall bend,Soon,oer thy sheltered nest.不久那折磨就会结束；不久你就会找到夏天的家，歇下，在同伴间欢叫；不久 芦苇将弯下，在你隐蔽的巢上。26 Thou r

23、t gone,the abyss of heaven Hath swallowed up thy form;yet,on my heart Deeply hath sunk the lesson thou hast given,And shall not soon depart.你消失了，天空的深渊 吞噬了你的身影；但在我心上 已深深留下你教给我的一课，它不会很快遗忘。27 He,who,from zone to zone,Guided through the boundless sky thy certain flight,In the long way that I must tread alone,Will lead my steps aright.谁引导你穿过无垠的天空，从一个领域到另一个领域，也会在我必须独自跋涉的长途上，正确地引导我的脚步。28Theme Just as God guides the waterfowl to its summer home,so too He guides the poet of the poem through life to his ultimate destination,heaven.The poem is,in essence,a profession of faith in God.