[英语考试]高考英语二轮复习常考、易考短语按字母表顺序英语

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1、本资料来源于大家网高考英语论坛2010届高考英语二轮复习常考、易考短语（按字母表顺序）Aaa balance diet 均衡饮食 a best-seller 畅销书a bit = a little = a little bit 少许，一点儿，有点儿，稍微a bit of 一点，少量（修饰不可数名词） 比较：a few 一些，少量（修饰可数名词）a great deal of 许多（修饰不可数名词） a great / good many = scores of 许多，大量（修饰可数名词）a handful of 一把，少量的，少数（修饰可数或不可数名词）a large / great amou

2、nt of = large amounts of 许多（修饰不可数名词） a large quantity of = large quantities of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）a lot of = lots of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）a mass of = masses of 大量，许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）a (large / great) number of = large / huge numbers of 大量的，许多（修饰可数名词）lenty of 大量的，很多，足够的（修饰可数或不可数名词）a bunch of flowers 一束花a cloud of 一团a

3、 couple of 一对/双，两三个，一些，几个a couple of days / weeks 两三天/周a cup of 一杯a day or two = one or two days 一两天a deserted island 荒岛a healthy diet = a diet of healthy food(s) 健康的饮食a highly-developed country 高度发达的国家 a kind of 一种，一类a laid-off worker 下岗工人a large sum of money 一大笔钱a length of 长a list of 一张的清单a live

4、concert 现场直播的音乐会a natural disaster 自然灾害a packet of 一盒，一捆，一包a pair of 一双，一副a piece of 一件，一块，一张a row of 一排，一行 a series of 一系列的，一连串，一套a set of 一套，一副a shortage of teachers 教师资源的缺乏 a third of = one third of 三分之一a total failure 一个彻底的失败者a total of 总数（量）为a two-day trip 一次两天的旅行a variety of = varieties of = v

5、arious 种种的，种类繁多的a waste of (time) 白费(时间)，浪费(时间)a man of name 知名人士 a world of magic and wonders 充满魔力和神奇的世界after all 毕竟，终究 after a short while 不久以后，没多久after a time 一段时间以后after class / work / school 下课/下班/放学之后all alone = all by oneself 独自，独立all at once = all of a sudden 突然，忽然all day = all day long 全天，终

6、日all in all 总共，总的来说all kinds / sorts of 各种各样的all night long 整夜，通宵all ones life 终身，一生all over 到处，遍及，结束all over the world / country = throughout the world / country 整个世界/全国 all right 好吧，行了，（病）好了all the best 祝一切顺利，万事如意all the same 一样，同样的all the time 一直all the way 一路上，一直all together 一起，总共all (the) year

7、round = all through the year= throughout the year 一年四季，一年到头an invitation to 一张的请柬/请贴an expert on 方面的专家as a consequence / result 结果，因此as a consequence / result of 作为（的）结果，由于的结果as a whole 普遍来说，作为整体as as 像，如同as as possible = asas one can 尽可能地as far as （表示程度，范围）就/尽（=so far as），远至 as far as I know 就我所知，据

8、我所知as follows如下（用以列举事项）as if = as though 好像，似乎，仿佛（比较：even if = even though 虽然，即使，尽管）as long as 只要（= so long as引导条件状语从句），长达 as much / many as 多达as soon as 一就as soon as possible 尽快，尽可能早地as to / for 至于，关于，就而言as usual 像往常一样as well 也/还有(= too)，同样地，例外 as well as = together with = and 也，以及，和，还，而且as with .

9、也一样，就像at all 根本（否定句），到底（疑问句），竟然（条件从句）at a loss 茫然，不知所措at an early age 年轻时at any moment / time 随时 比较：after a moment = after a while / minute 过了一会儿 a moment ago = just now 刚才，不久以前a moment later 片刻之后at the moment = at the time 此刻，现在，在那时 at the very moment 就在那一刹那 for a moment = for a while / minute 一会儿

10、for the moment = for the time being 暂时，目前in a moment = in a while /minute / second 过一会儿，立刻，马上the moment / minute (that) . 一就 at any risk 不顾一切 比较：at risk 处于危险中 at the risk of (doing sth) 冒着（可能做某事）的危险 take / run a risk / risks 冒险 risk ones life (to do sth) 冒着生命危险（做某事） risk doing sth 冒险做某事）at birth 出生时

11、，一生下来就at breakfast 在吃早饭at hand 近在手边，在附近at home 在家(at) home and abroad 在国内外at last 终于，最后at length 最后，终于，详细地at midnight 在半夜at night 在夜里，天黑时at noon 在中午at once = right away = right now 马上，立即at one go 一口气at present = at the present time 现在, 目前at sea 在海上，航海中，茫然（比较：by sea 乘船 by the sea 在海边 in the sea 在海里 o

12、n the sea 在海面上）at stake 在危险中at such a great height 在如此高的高度at table 在吃饭（比较：at the table 在桌前） at times 偶尔，有时（比较：at that time 那时at the same time = meanwhile 同时at the correct / wrong / best time of year 在一年里合适/不合适/最佳时候）at various academic levels 不同的学术层次at war 处于战争/交战状态at work 忙于工作 at the age of . 在岁的时候a

13、t the art festival 在艺术节上，在艺术节期间at the base 在底部at the (very) beginning of . 在开始时，在之初at the bottom of 在下端/底部at the cost of 以为代价at the end of 在末端，到结束时at the foot of 在的脚下at the front desk 在前台，在服务台at the head of 在最前面at a high /low price 以高/低价at the latest 最迟at (the) least 至少 比较：at (the) most 最多at the mer

14、cy of 任由摆布/控制，在的掌握中at the opening /closing (ceremony) of . 在开/闭幕式上at the rate of 以的比率at the side of 在的旁边at the speed of 以速度 （比较：at full / high speed 高速）at the top of ones voice 大声地at the weekend 在周末accept as 认为是，承认是，把当作比较：regard as 认为是 treat as把 当作 recognize as 认为是 view / see / know as 认为是 consider

15、as / consider (to be) 认为是 look on as 视为 refer to as 把视为think of as / think (to be) 认为是accept sbs apology 接受某人的道歉 accuse sb of sth / doing sth 指控某人为/ 做某事achieve ones goal 达到目的achieve success 获得成功act as 担任，充当adapt to （改变以）适应adapt oneself to 使自己适应于 adapt to the new environment 适应新环境add to 增加，添加 add to

16、把加到上add up 加起来 add up to 总计达到adjust to （调整以）适应adjust to these extreme conditions 适应极限条件admire sb as 钦佩某人是admire sb for 钦佩某人的，因钦佩某人advance the deadline 提前最后期限advance towards 朝前进advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事agree with sb / sbs opinion / sbs idea 同意某人（意见，看法），与某人看法一致 比较：agree on sth 对达成共识agree to (the pla

17、n) 同意（计划等）aim at 向瞄准，旨在，针对allow for 顾及，为做准备answer for 对负责apologize to sb (for sth) = make an apology to sb (for sth) （因某事）向某人道歉appeal to 有吸引力，呼吁，上诉appeal to their emotions 投合他们的喜好apply for 申请，请求apply to 应用，适用appoint sb as 任命某人当approve of 赞成argue about 争论某事argue with sb about sth 因某事和某人争执/争论arrive in

18、 / at 到达某地ask after sb 问候某人 ask for 要求得到 ask for a day off 请一天假ask for a leave 请假associatewith 把与联系起来attach to 加在之上，使喜爱，使依恋，参加，附着attempt to do sth 试图做某事attend school / university 上学/上大学attend the meeting 出席会议attend to 处理，照顾，关照，倾听 attract / draw / call sbs attention 吸引某人注意above all 首要的是，尤其是according

19、to 根据action film / movie 动作片advanced mathematics 高等数学again and again 一次又一次，一再，反复against the wall 靠着墙ahead of 优于，超过，比早，在的前面alarm clock 闹钟along with 和一起and so on 等等 and things like that 之类的东西another day 改天any more 再，又apart from 除都，除以外around the corner 在拐角处，即将来临（比较：on the way = in store 即将来临draw near 即

20、将来临，就要来临，逼近 ）Bb be after 寻找，追踪，追求be /act against 违背，违反，反对be from 从来，是人be next to 在隔壁，紧挨着be off / leaving 离开be out （灯火）熄灭，（人）外出be out of 没有，用完be up 起床be up against 面对be up to sb 由某人决定be up to sth 忙于某事，从事于be upon 逼近，临近be anxious about 为而忧虑/着急/担心（比较：be anxious for 渴望，非常希望be concerned about / for 为而忧虑/着

21、急/担心 be concerned about / with 对关切/关注/感兴趣）be careful about / of / with sth 注意，留意，当心比较：be careful (not) to do sth 小心（不）做某事be clear about 对清楚 be crazy about 对着迷be curious about = have the curiosity about 对感到好奇 be excited about 对 感到兴奋be particular about 对挑剔be amazed at 为感到惊讶be experienced at 对有经验be pre

22、sent at 出席be shocked at 对感到震惊be common for 对来说是很普通的be eager for = long for = be dying for 渴望得到（比较：be eager to do sth 急着想做某事）be famous for 因而闻名，由于而出名（比较：be famous as 作为而闻名be famous to 对来说很出名）be fit for = be suitable for 适合be good / bad for sb 对有好处/坏处（比较：be good at 善于，擅长于，在方面做得好be good to sb 对某人友好do g

23、ood to sb = do sb good 对某人有好处do harm to sb = do sb harm = harm sb = be harmful to sb 对某人有害，伤害某人） be honored for 因受到尊敬be intended for 为了be late for 迟到（比较：be late with sth 某事做得晚）be to blame for 因受到责备be carved in rock 被刻在岩石上be caught in (a rain / a traffic jam / the earthquake) 突然/偶然遇到（雨/交通堵塞/地震）be con

24、fident in 在方面自信be effective in 在方面有效 be fluent in (a language) 在（某一门语言）方面很流利be lost in = lose oneself in 沉浸于，沉醉于be poor / low in 在方面不足be quick in mind and action 思维敏捷行动迅速be rich / high in 在方面丰富 be set in 以为背景be strong in heart and mind 意志坚强，头脑聪明be trapped in 被困在（比较：be trapped by 被所困）be afraid of = b

25、e terrified of 害怕，恐惧（比较：be afraid to do 害怕去做，不敢做）be ashamed of 为感到羞愧/惭愧be aware of 意识到，知道be fond of = care for = like = enjoy 爱好，喜欢be full of = be filled with 充满了，装满be jealous of 嫉妒 be short of = be lacking in 缺乏，缺少be sure of / about 对有把握be uncertain of / about 对没把握be accustomed to (doing) sth 习惯于be

26、 addicted to 沉溺于be loyal to = be faithful to = be devoted to 忠诚于be opened to 向开放be reduced to 30% 减少到百分之30%（指最后的结果）比较：be reduced by 30% 减少了百分之30%（指与原来相对而言）be similar to 与相似，与相像be angry with sb for sth 因某事生某人的气be armed with 以武装 be burdened with 为所累be busy with sth 忙于某事（比较：be busy doing sth 忙于做某事be oc

27、cupied with sth 忙于某事be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事）be covered with / by 被所覆盖be crowded with 挤/塞满了be diagnosed with 被诊断为be equipped with 具有，装有设备，为做好准备 be faced with 面临，面对be familiar with 对很熟悉be fed up with 对感到厌倦be honest with 对诚实be mean with 对吝啬be pleased / satisfied with 对感到满意（比较：be content with 对感到

28、满意，满足于be content to do sth 愿意做某事）be popular with 受到的欢迎 be pressed with 被刻印/铸压上be strict with sb 对某人严格要求（比较：be strict in sth 对某事严格要求）be surrounded with / by 被围绕 be about to do sth 正要做某事be delighted to do sth 高兴做某事be determined to do = determine / decide to do sth 决心做be due to do sth 预定/到期应该做某事（比较：due

29、 to sth 因为/由于）be forced to do sth 被迫做某事be free to do sth 任意去做，悉听尊便be likely to do sth 很有可能做某事 be supposed to do 被认为/被期望/应该做某事be willing to do = like to do 愿意做某事be able to do 能，会be absent from 缺席，旷课be asleep 睡着（比较：be awake 醒着）be awarded a Nobel Prize 获得诺贝尔奖be badly off 潦倒，贫困（比较：be well off 富有）be badl

30、y treated 受到虐待be born 出生，出世be / become endangered 频临危险be in contact with 与有交往（比较：make contact with 与联络lose / break contact with 与失去联系lose touch with = be out of touch with 与失去联系 be in touch with = stay / keep in touch with 与保持联系get in touch with = get into contact with sb 与取得联系bring into touch with

31、使接触，使认识keep track of 与保持联系，了解的动态，记录）be in possession of = take possession of 持有，拥有，占有，占领（比较：be in sbs possession = be in the possession of sb 被某人占有/拥有 come into sbs possession 被某人占有/拥有）be in the charge of 在某人的掌管下，由某人经营/照顾（比较：be in charge of 掌管，管理，照顾）be mentally disturbed 精神失常be of benefit 有利的，有好处的be

32、 of (no) effect 有（无）效be of different sizes / weights / shapes 大小不一/重量不同/形状各异（比较：be of the same size / weight / shape 大小/重量/形状相同）be of great importance / value 非常重要，有重要性 be of high / good quality 高质量的（比较：be of poor quality 质量糟糕的）be of (no) use 有（无）用 be on good terms (with sb) 与某人关系好be stressed out 紧张

33、的，有压力的be upset 沮丧，伤心be well received 很受欢迎be (well) worth doing（很）值得做比较：be worthy of sth / of being done / to be done 值得（做）by accident = by chance 偶然地, 碰巧，意外by air / boat / bus / train 乘坐飞机/小船/公共汽车/火车by and by 不久以后，逐渐地by appointment 按约定by choice 出于选择（比较：for choice 要选就选） by day / night 白天/ 晚上by fax 通过

34、传真by force 靠武力by hand = with ones hands 手工by law 根据法律by mail 通过邮寄by means of (doing) sth 通过，借助于手段（比较：by all means = in all ways 不惜一切by no means = in no way 决不，一点也不by this means = in this way 用这种方法）by mistake = in error 由于错误或疏忽，错误地by weight 按重量计算（比较：by the hour / day 按小时/天计算）by the end of 到结束为止，到底为止b

35、y the nearest exit 从最近的出口出去by the side of 在附近by the time 到的时候（后接状语从句）by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下 比较：by way of 经由，经过, 通过的方法 in a way = in one way = in some way 在某种程度上 in no way 决不, 一点也不in the / sbs way 挡道，妨碍 in this / that way 以这种/那种方式，这样那样 in way = in the way of 以的方式 this / that way 这样/那样（直接做状语） on ones wa

36、y here / there / home (adv.) 在（到这里/去那里/回家）的路上 on ones way to doing sth 即将做某事 on ones way to someplace (n.) 在去某地的路上 on the way 在路上，在来/去的行进中 on the way home 在回家的路上，即将来临 out of the way 不挡道feel ones way 摸索着道路（前进）fight ones way 挣扎着前进，经（奋斗或努力）开路或获得（某事物） find ones way to 设法找到去的路lose ones way 迷路make ones wa

37、y to 朝走去push ones way 挤过去struggle ones way 艰难地行进base on sth 以为基础（比较：be based on / upon 以为基础）beg for 乞求 become of 发生情况，怎么啦believe in 信赖，信任，信仰 (真理，宗教，原则)，支持，赞成bend over 弯腰，俯身benefit from = profit by / from 从吸取教训，从中获益blow away 吹走blow out 吹灭blow the fire off 熄火，把火吹灭brush ones teeth 刷牙build up 逐步建立，增进，增加

38、，加强，扩大burden sb / oneself with sth 加负担于某人 / 自己burn down 烧毁，烧成平地burn down to the ground 把烧成平地burn up 消耗，烧掉burst into 闯入，突然破门而入burst into sth = burst out doing 迸发，突然而猛烈地产生某种情况（比较：burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑起来burst into tears 眼泪夺眶而出burst into cheers 突然欢呼）burst out (doing ) 迸发出来，突然开始（做

39、） bed time 就寝时间Beijing Opera 京剧before long 不久以后（比较：long before 很久以前）belong to sb / sth 属于某人/某事below / above zero 零度以下/上body building 健美body language 身势语boiled water 开水both and 两个都，既又business hours 营业时间bus station / stop 汽车站/公共汽车站but for 如果不是，倘若不是Better late than never. 迟做总比不做好。Cccalculate the distan

40、ce between 计算出的距离 calm down 平静，镇定cant help but do sth 忍不住做某事cant help doing sth 禁不住做某事，情不自禁做某事carbon dioxide 二氧化碳card games 纸牌游戏care about 对感兴趣，关心，担心（比较：care for 喜欢，关怀，照顾，照料care for sb to do sth 愿意某人做 care to do sth 愿意做）carry away 拿走，使入迷carry off 夺走，携走carry on 继续进行，坚持下去carry on research 进行研究carry ou

41、t (an experiment / a plan / an order / a survey) 开展或执行（实验/计划/命令/调查）cast away 抛弃catch a glimpse of 瞥见catch fire = be on fire 着火，开始燃烧catch / find sb doing sth 发现/发觉某人正在做某事cause damage to 对造成破坏cell phone 移动电话，手机centre on / upon 将当做重点或中心（比较：centre / concentrate / fasten / fix / focus ones attention on 把

42、注意力集中于）chain stores 连锁店change A for B 用A换Bchange A into B 把A变成B，把A转换成B change ones mind 改变主意charge for 收费，要价 charge sth with 使某事物充满（情感）（比较：be charged with 充满）chat on line 网上聊天check in 登记，报到check out 查明，核查，结帐check information 审核情况cheer sb on 为某人加油cheer sb up 使某人高兴起来，使某人振作起来chemical factory 化工厂child l

43、aborer 童工Christmas card / tree / Eve 圣诞卡/树/前夕classical music 古典音乐classify into 把分类成clean out 清除，打扫干净clear away 清除掉，消散，清除打扫，整理clear up 打扫卫生，梳理整齐，（天气）放晴，露出喜悦的表情close friends 密友close down 倒闭close up （尤指暂时）关闭，使靠近close to 靠近，接近combinewith 把和结合起来comment on / upon 对进行评论commit the / a crime 犯罪common sense 常

44、识，情理communicate sth to sb 使某事物被人知晓，传送某事物给某人communicate with 与交流/联络compare notes 交换意见，交流看法compare to 把比作compare with 与相比compete against 与相对抗 compete for 为而竞争 compete in 参加（竞赛）compete with 与竞争/比赛 complain of 抱怨computer / video games 电子游戏congratulate sb on sth 祝贺某人某事connect to 连接，相连（比较：be connected to

45、与有关系）connect with 与相连接contribute to 有利于，贡献，捐款给，为投稿cool off 变凉，冷却，冷copy sbs example 仿照某人，照某人的样子做cover an entire continent 覆盖整个大陆cover the events 采访事件，报道事件create a positive / negative effect 产生积极/消极的作用/影响cross out 划掉crowd around （许多人）围着cultural relics / sites 文化古迹current affairs 时事Cheer up. 振作起来。提起精神。

46、 Come on! 来！快呀！Dddance to the music 伴随音乐起舞date from = date back to 始于时期，追溯到 day after day 日复一日（强调重复）day by day 一天天地（强调逐渐变化）day and night 日日夜夜地deal with = do with 处理，解决，对付depend on / upon = rely on / upon 依靠，依赖，信赖，靠来决定develop a lifelong friendship with sb 与某人成为终身朋友develop the photos 冲洗照片devote to 把贡献

47、给，献身于，专心于比较：be devoted to (doing) sth 投身于be devoted to sb 喜欢某人die away 逐渐消失，减弱（以至感觉不到），淡化die down 逐渐降低，减弱，消失，平息die from 因而死，死于（除了疾病或情感以外的原因，及某种具体疾病）die of (illness, hunger, grief, etc.)因而死，死于（疾病，饥饿，悲伤等情感内因） die off 一一死去，先后死去die out = become extinct 灭绝，绝迹，消失differ from = be different from 与不同，区别于dig

48、up 挖出，掘起dining room 餐厅dip into sth 把放入液体中，浏览，翻阅display ones deep sympathy 表达某人深切的同情distinguish A from B 显示A和B（两者）的差别，使A和B有所不同（比较：distinguish between A and B 区别/辨别A 和B）divide into 把分成，使分隔开divide up 分配double ones efforts 加倍努力dozens of 几十draw a conclusion 得出结论 draw attention to 对表示注意draw back 后退 draw u

49、p 起草，拟定dream of 梦到 dream of / about doing sth 梦想做某事dress up 化装打扮，乔装打扮dress up as 打扮装饰成drink a toast 祝酒 drink to sb / sth 为而干杯或祝福drive off 击退, 把（车）开走drop by 访问，拜访drop in 顺便走访，拜访drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人drop in at sp 顺便拜访某地drop off 放下（某物），下车drop out (of) （从竞赛、活动等）退出，辍学drop sb a line 给某人写短信 during the day 在

50、白天during / in the 1980s / 1980s 20世纪80年代during / in / throughout ones lifetime 在某人的一生中Eeeach other 互相，彼此（比较：one another 相互，彼此）earn / make / gain a / ones living 谋生earn / make money 挣钱，赚钱eat up 吃完，吃光eitheror 或者或者，要么要么比较：neither nor 既不也不 notbut 不是而是not only but also 不仅而且（前句用于句首时，须倒装）end up with 以结束/告终

51、（比较：begin / start with 以开始close with 以结束/告终end up 结束，告终，最后得到的结局/下场end in failure / prison 以失败/坐牢而告终.end in a tie 以平局结束）engage to sb 与某人订婚English-speaking countries 说英语的国家enjoy equal rights 享有平等权利enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得开心escape from 免于/逃脱，从泄露出every day 每天 everyday use 日常使用every few years 每隔几年（比较：every

52、four years = every fourth year 每四年，每隔三年 every two years = every second year = every other year 每两年，每隔一年)every now and then 不时地 ever since 从以来，从那时起except for 除了之外 exchange student 交换生 exist in 存在于 experience life 体验生活 experiment with 进行实验，进行试验explain sth to sb = explain to sb sth 向某人解释某事express onese

53、lf 表达自己的意思Excuse me. 对不起。Everything / All goes well. 一切顺利。Ffface to face 面对面 (比较：hand in hand 手拉手，密切关联)fail in doing sth 没做成某事 fail to do sth 无法做某事fall asleep 入睡 （比较：fall ill 病了，患病，病倒)fall behind （成就，成绩）落后于fall down 摔下来，倒塌fall in love with sb 爱上某人（比较：be in love with sb 与某人相爱）fall into 陷入，落入fall off

54、跌落，下降fall over 跌倒，摔倒fall to / into pieces 垮台，崩溃，解体，倒塌fairy tale 童话family name 姓氏family tree 家谱 fax machine 传真机far away 遥远，很远far from 远离fasten / tie to 把栓/别在上feast on sth 宴饮，尽情地享受feed on 喂养，饲养（比较：feed on / upon 以为食）feel down 感到闷闷不乐 feel like doing sth 想做某事feel well / terrible / better / weak 感觉好/糟/好些

55、/虚弱fight against 与作斗争打架打仗 fight for sth 为而斗争，争取获得某事物 fight over 为而战，因而争吵/争斗fight sb / sth off 抗击某人/某事物，击退某人/某事物fight with 与并肩作战figure out 理解，想明白，算出fill in 填空，填写fill out 把填好fill with 用填充fill A with B 把B装进A里，把A装满Bfill up with 用装满find out 获知，查明，查出，弄明白，发现，了解fire escapes 安全梯fire exit 安全出口first aid 急救 fis

56、h farms 渔场fit in 被他人接受，相处融洽fit in (with sb / sth) 与（某人/某事物）相适应/相协调fix a time / date for 为确定时间/日期fix up 搭起，安装，修理，修补folk song 民歌follow customs 随俗，按照习惯follow sbs instructions 遵从某人的指示follow / take sbs advice 听某人的劝告follow the rules 按照规则去做forget about 忘记了for a period of several weeks / months 在几周/几个月的一段时间

57、里for ever = for good 永远for example = for instance 例如 (比较：such as 例如，像这样)for free = free of charge = without payment 免费（比较：at ones own charge / expense 自费） for once 就这/那一次for one thing, for another 首先，其次for the first time 第一次，初次，首先比较：at first = in / at the beginning 起初，首先at first sight 第一眼，乍一看，初见之下first of all 第一，首先，最重要 in the first place （用于列举理由时）首先，第一，原先the first time 第一次，初次（后接状语从句）for the reason 因为 for the sake of 由于，为了的利益，为了起见free from 不受的影响，没有的from now on 从现在开始，今后 from the