牛津英语八年级下8B现在完成时讲解练习

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1、现在完成时 have (has) +过去分词（ v.+ed）用法一表示动作发生在过去，但对现在留下了影响和结果,常与下列词连用。已经，了，过 just （刚刚）用于肯定句。 He _ just _(come).-_ you _(have) lunch yet? -Yes, I _. I_ just _ it. never（从来没有）表示否定。 He _ never _ (visit) the Great Wall. ever（曾经）用于疑问句中。 _ you ever_ (be) to the farm？ before（以前）用于句末。The woman _ never _ (hear) of

2、 that before. yet（仍然）用于疑问句或否定句. _ the train _ (arrive) yet? No, not yet. already（已经）用于肯定句. We _ already _ (finish) it. so far (迄今为止） 用于句首或句末. So far, we _ (visit) the moon. up to now I _( hear) nothing from him up to now. 到目前为止我没他的任何消息 once（一次），twice（两次），many times（很多次），how many times（多少次）， during/i

3、n the past（last）three years（最近三年来） recently(最近)I _ (be) to Beijing twice。我去过北京二次。He_ (be) there three times in the last few days. 近几年他去过那里三次了。 Exercise: Fill in the blanks with the right verb tense:1. I dont know this woman. I2.Lets go to the cinema.No, I（never meet）her.（already, see）the film.3. He（

4、not finish）our homework yet. Will you wait a minute?4. They cant go with us. They （not, finish）the work yet.5. She （study）English since she was ten. She （begin）to study English at ten.6. Great changes（take place）in those villages in the last ten years,7. How many times you （phone）me these days? And

5、you _ (phone）me this morning?8. Tom cant get into the room because he（lose）the key to the door.9. I _（look）for the dictionary, but I _（not, find）it yet. Who _ (take) it away?10. I wont go to the concert because I _(lose) my ticket.11. How many English words_you_(learn) so far?12. Thats the best film

6、 that I _ (ever see).13. Could you lend your French book to me? Sorry, I _ (leave) it at home. 14._your teacher _ (tell) you that well have a test next Wednesday? No, not yet. 15. In the past he (be) careless. He often (make) mistakes. 16. the train (arrive) yet? Yes, it (arrive) ten minutes ago. 17

7、. The bowl is empty. He (eat) the food.18. I know him very well because we (be) friends for ages.19. Why not go to see the dolphin show with me?Because I _(see) it. 20.The twins _(change) a lot and they (become) fatter.21. you _ (see) my dictionary? Yes. I _ it on your desk a moment ago. 22.Do you s

8、till have a toothache, Jim? No, it (go) . Im all right now, mum. 23. Because of the busy traffic, the plane (take) off when he arrives.24. What are you going to do this weekend? I (decide) yet.25. Shes never been to the country before, _ she?1Nancys never late for school, _ she?现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 I have

9、 lost my new book. 我把新书丢了。(侧重对现在 的影响)I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。（陈述过去的动作）Exercise: Fill in the blanks with the right verb tense:1. We （live）in Shanghai from 1989 to 1999. We （live）there for 10 years.2. I hear your father _ （be）to Japan once.Yes. He （go）there last year.3. When you （buy）th

10、e book?I（have）it for two weeks.4. “_ you _ (have) lunch ?” “Yes.”“When _ you _ (have) it?” “I _ (have) it at 12:00.”5. “_ you _ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?”“Yes, I _. I _ (write) one last week.”6. My father _ just _ (finish) his work. My father _ (finish) his work just now. 7. “_ you _ (buy)

11、a dictionary? “ “Yes, I _ .”“Where _ you _ (buy) it?” “ I _ (buy) it in a bookstore.”“When _ you _ (buy) it?” “Yesterday.”8. In the past he _ (be) was very lazy. But he _ hard-wording in the past two months.二表示过去开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。时状：for, since；how long, all ones life for一段时间 I _ (teach) English for 1

12、9 years。 since过去时间点 He _ (teach) at this school since 1986. since过去的时间状语从句 I _ ( live) here since I _(be) born. since一段时间ago. I _ (know) him since 20 years ago.Exercise: Fill in the blanks with the right verb tense:1. The town _(change) a lot since they_( return) here.2. I _never_ (see) him since I

13、_(leave) my hometown.3. They _ (be) good friends since they _ (come) to this school.4. -Hey, I _ (not see) you for a long time.I _ (be) in Nanjing. I _(just come) back.5. How long _you _ (live) in Guangzhou since you_ (bear)?6. Tom _ (live) here all his life. But he _ (move) soon.7. The boy (be) bor

14、n in 1990. Since then, he (live) in Japan.8. There (be) many changes in China since 1987.9. He (learn) a great deal since he joined the army.10. Its the third time you (be) late for school this week.三. 短暂性动词的现在完成时在肯定句中不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用;要用，必须 改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述;否定句中则能。arrivebe herebegin(start)be on di

15、e be deadcome backbe back leave be away go out be out fall ill(sick, asleep)be ill(sick, asleep) get upbe up finish be over put on wear /be on buy have open be open join be in 或 be a member ofclose be closed go to schoolbe a student borrow keep catch(a cold) have(a cold) get to know know begin/start

16、be onbegin to studystudycome to workwork 等 diebe deadmove tolive in finishbe over2当终止性动词（非延续性动词）与表示一段时间的状语（how long，since，for， all ones life）相矛盾时,改正错句的方法有如下几种:(1)用副词 ago 把现在完成时的句子改为一般过去时.He has come back for two weeks.（错） 改为: He came back _（正） I have lost my bike for ten days. （错） 改为:I lost my bike

17、_ （正）(2)用“It is / has been时间since一般过去时态”句型来改写。He has joined the League for 3 years. (错) It _ 3 years since he _ the League. I have bought the book for 5 days.(错) It _ 5 days since I _ the book.（正）He has died for 20 years.(错) It _ 20 years since he _. （正） (3)用“时间has passedsince一般过去时态”句型来改写。He has lef

18、t home for 20 years. (错) Twenty years _ since he left home. He has lost his pen for 2 days. (错) Two days _ since he lost his pen.(4)用系表结构来改写.He has died for 20 years. (错)改为: He _ for 20 years.The factory has opened since 1999. (错) 改为: The factory _ since 1999. How long has he left? (错) 改为:How long h

19、as he _?(5) 用相应的延续性动词替代非延续性动词。He has bought the book for two weeks. (错) 改为:He _ the book for two weeks. Exercise: Fill in the blanks with the right verb tense:1.他死了三年了。He _ for three years. He _ three years ago.It is _. Three years_.2.他来这儿五天了。He has _. He _ five days ago.It is _. Five days_.3.电影已开始十

20、分钟了. The film _ for ten minutes.4. He came to our village two years ago. He our village since two years ago. 5. He left home three days ago. He home for 3 days.6. I bought the watch 2 weeks ago. I the watch since 2 weeks ago.7. It is 5 days since I borrowed the book. I the book for 5 days.8. The fil

21、m has begun. The film for half an hour.9. I got to know him 10 years ago. I him for 10 years.10. There is a factory. There a factory for 20 years.11. Our school opened in 1960. Our school since 1960.1. Oh, Mrs. King, your necklace looks nice. Is it new? No, I _ it for two years.A. had B. have had C.

22、 bought D. have bought2. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice_he came to Yunnan.A. after B. before C. since D. for3. Tom_the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 4. I_a letter from him since he left.A. didnt receive B. havent got C. didnt have D. havent

23、 heard5. The old man has lonely since his wife left.A. been B.got C.become D.turned6How long may Ithe book? For tow weeks.A.brrow B. lend C. keep D. buy7. They each other for at least two months.A.havent seen B. have seen C. havent been seen D. didt see38. He Tokyo for two weeks.A.has left B. has be

24、en away from C. has been away9. She Robert one year ago.A.married B. married with C. has got married to D. has been married to10. I the bad cold for a week and still cant get rid of it.A.caught B. have caught C.had caught D. have had11. It ten years since we last in Beijing.A.was, met B. had been, m

25、et C. was, meet D. is, met12. Do you know Betty very well? Yes, she and I _ friends since we met in Guangzhou last summer. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned13. - What do you think of the film Harry Potter? - It is very nice. I _ it twice.A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. see14

26、. We _to learn English five years ago. We _ it for five years up to now.A. began; learned B. begin; have learned C.have begun; had learned D.began; have learned 15. - What a nice bike! How long _ you _ it？ - Just two weeks.A. have; bought B. did; buy C. have; had D. are; having16. You dont have to d

27、escribe her. I _ her several times.A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet17. - Im sorry to have kept you waiting.- Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes. A. have come B. had been C. was D. have been18. - _ my dictionary anywhere?- Yes. I saw it on your desk a moment ago.A. Have you seen B. Do y

28、ou see C. Had you seen D. Would you see 19. - I havent heard from Li Jun for a long time.- What do you think _ to him?A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. had happened 20. - Do you know our town at all?- No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming四. have

29、been to 和 have gone to 的区别have been to 强调“去过”，现已不在那里，如：He has been to the USA three times. have gone to 强调“去了”，现人不在说话的现场，如：-Wheres your mother? -She has gone to the hospital.你妈妈在哪？-她去医院了。 have been to 和 have been in/at 的区别have been to 强调人“已回到原地”，后可接“次数”。 She has been to Shanghai only once.-How many

30、times has he been there? -Hes been there many times.have been in/at “已在某地停留一段时间现仍在那里”，后常带一段时间。They have been at the bus stop for half an hour. 他们在车站呆了半小。We have been in Xian for two weeks. 我们在西安呆了两个多星期。How long have they been in China? 他们在中国呆了多长时间了？1. Uncle Li can speak English very well because he

31、_ England for 5 years.2. Where is Mr. Zhang? He _ London.3. _you _ to the United States? No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago.4. Mr. Green often goes to America. In fact, he（be）there ten times.5. My parents _ Shangdong for ten years.6. -Have you ever_Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warrior

32、s? -Yes, I have. 7. Is your father in? No, he _ for three hours.A. was out B. has been out C. went out D. has gone out8.Is that Jack speaking? Sorry, he isnt in right now. He the cinema with his aunt. A.has been to B. has gone to C. have been to D. have gone to4一1.has come have had. have. Have had 2

33、.has visited3.have been4.has heard5.Has arrived6.have finished7.have visited8.have been; has been二1.have never heard2.have already seen3.havent finished4.havent finished5.has studied6.have taken7.have phoned; did phone8.has lost9.have looked10.have lost11.have learnt12.have ever seen13.have left14.H

34、ave told15.was ,made16.has arrived; arrived17.has eaten18.have been19.have seen20.have changed; have become21;Have seen; saw22.has gone23.has taken24.havent decided25.has;is1.lived; have lived2.has been; went3.did buy; have had4.Have had; did have; had5.Have written; have; wrote6.Has finished; finis

35、hed7.Have bought; have; did buy; bought 8.was, has been二have taught has taught have lived 1.has changed; returned;2.have never seen; left3.have been; came4.havent seen; was; has just come 5.have lived; were born6. has lived; will movehave known57.was ; has lived8.have been9.has learnt10.have been三（1

36、）two weeks ago ten days ago（2）is/has been; joined is/has been; bought is/has been died （3）has passed; has passed（4）has been dead has been open been away(（5）hashad1.has been dead; diedthree years since he died has passed since he died2.been here for five days came hereFive days since he came here has passed since he died 3.has been4.has been in5.has been away from6.have had7.have kept8.has been on9.have known10.has been11.has been open1-5 BCDBA 6-10 CABAD 11-15 DCBDC 16-20 BDACB 四1.has been in2.has gone to3.Have you been4.has been5.have been in6.been toBB6