《朝阳县柳城高中》PPT课件.ppt

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1、YOU ARE WELCOME,朝阳县柳城高中： 马云彩 王顶举,短文改错专题讲座,短文改错是目前高考的必考项目.内容较为浅显,又多为记叙文.该题并非难题，但得分率不高, 究其原因,与认识短文改错的特点和做题方法不无关系.首先让我们来认识一下该题的特点: 1.改错题内容较为浅显,题材较为轻松,又都是中学生平时喜闻乐见的记叙文. 2.改错题一般在10行以上,每行8-12词,共计120词左右. 3.改错题多半按1:1:2:6或1:2:1:6的原则设计,即正确为1,多词为1-2,少词为1-2,错词为6.,短文改错口诀：动词形，名词数，注意是形还是副； 非谓动词细辨别，习惯用法要记住； 句子成分多分析

2、，逻辑错误须关注 一 动词形 主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。 例如： NMET98 My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our school football team. NMET00 Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. 上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。,am,are,二 名词数 指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复 数

3、写成单数，或不可数名词变复数 例如： NMET01 so that Ill get good marks in all my subject. 三 区分形和副 即区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。 这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如： MET95 Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. NMET99 Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. 需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而 副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、 形容词、副词或 整个句子。第一例中的wonder

4、ful作定语修饰time，第二句 的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。,wonderful,Unfortunately,subjects,四 非谓语动词细辨别 这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名 词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。 例如：NMET97 in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. NMET98 Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also NMET01 My parents love me and will do

5、 all they can make sure 上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的现在分 词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有 将来时态的含义。 五 习惯用法要记住 主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点， 其错误表现形式主要有三种： 多词、少词和搭配错误。,interested,Playing,to,例如： NMET96 It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and NMET98 We must keep in mind that we

6、play for the team instead ourselves. 六 句子成分多分析 不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语景要选择不同的词语。 这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当 的错误。例如： NMET96 They eager to know everything about China and NMET97 I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. 第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受汉语习惯的影响而导致的错误； 第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作主语。 七 逻

7、辑错误须关注 与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的 张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查 对象。例如：,for 改成of,Instead后加of,were,where改成which,NMET96 The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. NMET97 First, let me tell you something more about myself. NMET99 no way of setting the matter except by selling the set. Now

8、someone at home reads instead. 除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but, and, or和so的用法 错误（可以归类为逻辑错误），以及冠词的用法错误等。 例如： NMET00 She was smiling but nodding at me. NMET01 It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. NMET01 We may be one family and live under a same roof. 下面是全国高考试题中的短文改错题。这道题较全面地反映了本文的 口

9、诀。现在请你试着做一做。,their,去掉more,everyone,and,or,the,英语改错训练(一) Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows, its famous 76. _ Mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather 77. _ Was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78. _ the mou

10、ntain, the three of them were very excited. As we 79. _ climbed the mountain, we watched monkeys, visiting temples 80. _ and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture 81._ since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. 82. _ Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel

11、at the top 83. _ of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was 84. _ good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85. _ head touched the pillow.,a,when,us,visited,pictures,passed,but,at,down,短文改错的训练方法 三步法： 1.通读全文，掌握大意 短文改错一般是一篇完整的的短文而不是一个孤立的单词。它既有句法，语法方 面的错误也有逻辑意义上的混乱。 例如：

12、e must write the number of book, Its title and the name of the author on a piece of paper, sign it ,then hand it to the Librarian in order to borrow the book .You can keep it for weeks. 2.逐句分析，找出深层错误 重读全文， 应先确定一些明显的错误， 以便疏通短文， 化繁为简， 为后面解 题打开思路。许多问题可在这一阶段得到解决。从词法、句法到行文逻辑三方面 着手，逐句而不是逐行地分析、 找错。 3.复读全文，

13、检查调整 每个错误找出以后，应再回头把改正后的文章读一遍。检查改过的地方是否准 确，前后是否有矛盾的地方，以进行必要的修改和调整,英语改错训练（二) When you are traveling abroad, it is importance to follow1. _ the customs of the country where you are visiting. If you are invited 2. _ to a home in Britain, here is some advices. As soon as you are invited, 3. _ it is good

14、manners to refuse or accept an invitation, either by 4. _ writing or by telephoning. When you go to the party, it is polite 5. _ to arrive at on time. It is good manners to shake hands with your 6. _ host and any guest. You can take a present if you like, 7. _ possible a bottle of wine, a box of cho

15、colates or some flowers. 8. _ However, it was not bad manners to take nothing. It is not polite9. _ to stay too late before the other guests have gone. Of course, 10. _ it is good manners to write or telephone a day or two later to thank your host.,important,which/that,advice,the,at,other,possibly,i

16、s,after,短文改错训练(三) Know what to do in case of fire is important. 1. If the fire broke out, what would you do? First, you 2. should warn everyone in the house about the dangerous. 3. Dont panic（惊慌）or start shouting. Be calmly and 4. act fast. Second, you and all the others should go out of 5. the hous

17、e. Dont stopped to take anything with you. Once 6. you are out of the house, stay out. Do not come back 7. for any reason. Finally, before you are out of the house, 8. call the fire department. Do not try to put out of the fire 9. yourself. That can very dangerous. 10.,Knowing,a,danger,calm,stop,go,when/after,of,be,THANK YOU!,