医学微生物学基本词汇英汉对照表

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1、单词注释单词注释acacquired immunodificiency syndrome获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）schlamydia psittaci鹦鹉热衣原体active immunit自动免疫chlamydia trachomatis沙眼衣原体acute infection急性感染chronic infection慢性感染acyclovir无环鸟苷classical biotype古典生物型adenoviridae腺病毒科clostridium梭状芽胞杆菌属adenovirus腺病毒cl.botulinum肉毒梭菌adhesin粘附素cl.difficile艰难梭菌adsorpti

2、on吸附cl.perfringens产气荚膜杆菌amantadine金刚烷胺cl.tetani破伤风梭菌amphotericin b二性霉素bcoagulase血浆凝固酶anaerobic bacteria厌氧菌coccidioides immitis厌酷球孢子菌antibiotic抗生素coccus球菌antigenic drift抗原性漂移colonizzation factor定居因子antigenic shift抗原性转变complex symmetry复合对称antisepsis防腐continuous cell culture传代细胞培养antitoxic immunity抗毒素性

3、免疫cord factor索状因子antitoxin抗毒素core核心apparent infection显性传染coronaviridae冠状病毒科arenaviridae沙粒病毒科corynebacterium棒状杆菌属artificial active immunity人工自动免疫c.diphtheriae白喉杆菌artificial passive immunity人工被动免疫coxiella柯克斯体属aspergillus曲霉菌coxsackie virus柯萨奇病毒asepsis无菌cryptococcus neoformans新 新型隐球菌assembly装配cubic symm

4、etry立体对称avp抗病毒蛋白cytocitic infection杀细胞感染bacilli calmette-guerin, bcg卡介苗cytomegalovirus巨细胞病毒bacillus杆菌cytopathogenic effect细胞致病作用b.anthraci炭疽杆菌c-onc细胞原癌基因bd bacteremia菌血症defective interfering particles缺损干扰颗粒bacteriocin细菌素dengue virus登革病毒bacteriod类杆菌dermatophytes皮肤丝状菌b.fragilis脆弱类杆菌diphtheria白喉b.melan

5、inogenicus黑色素类杆菌diplococcus双球菌bacteriophage噬菌体diploid cell culture二倍体细胞培养bacterium细菌disinfection消毒blastomyces dermatitidis皮炎芽生菌enteroniavasive escherichia col,eiec肠侵袭性大肠杆菌bordetella pertussis百日咳杆菌endogenous infection内源性感染borrelia疏螺旋体属el-tor biotype埃尔托生物型b.recurrentis回归热螺旋体endotoxin内毒素b.vincenti奋森氏螺旋

6、体enteric cytopathogenic human orpan virus,埃可病毒b.burdorfe莱姆病螺旋体enterobacteriaceae肠粘附性大肠杆菌botulism肉毒中毒enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli,etec肠产毒性大肠杆菌brucella布氏杆菌属enterovirus肠道病毒br.bovis牛布氏杆菌envelope囊膜br.melitensis羊布氏杆菌enteropathoginc escherichia coli,epec肠致病性大肠杆菌br.suis猪布氏杆菌epidermophyton表皮癣菌属bunyavir

7、idae布尼安病毒科epstein-barr virus,eb virus ebeb病毒calmett-guerins vaccine卡介苗escherichia埃希氏菌属campylobacter弯曲菌属e.coli大肠杆菌c.jejuni空肠弯曲菌exogenous infection外源性感染candida albicans白色念珠菌exotoxin外毒素capsid衣壳fimbriae纤毛capsomere壳微粒flagellum鞭毛capsule荚膜flaviviridae黄病毒科carrier带菌者fungus真菌cell culture细胞培养fusion融合cell fusio

8、n细胞融合ganciclovir丙氧鸟苷cell wall细胞壁genetic engineering基因工程chitin甲壳质genetic recombination基因重组chlamydiae衣原体growth inhibition test生长抑制实验chlamydia pneumonia肺炎衣原体guarneiri body顾氏小体hantaan virus汉滩病毒horizontal tansmission水平传播hantavirus汉坦病毒属human immunodeficiency virus,hiv人免疫缺陷病毒（艾滋病病毒）halophilic vibrio嗜盐弧菌hya

9、luronidase透明质酸酶hbcag乙型肝炎病毒核心抗原immunofluorescence technic,ift免疫荧光法hbeag乙型肝炎病毒e抗原inapparent imfection隐性传染hbsag乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原inclusion body包涵体hbv dna polymerase乙型肝炎病毒dna聚合酶infectious mononucleosis传染性单核细胞增多症heat-labile toxin,lt不耐热肠毒素inferferon(ifn)干扰素heat-stable toxin,st耐热肠毒素integrated infection整合传染hela cel

10、ls,hela细胞invasiveness侵袭力hemagglutinin,ha血凝集japanese encephalitis virus,jev日本脑炎病毒hemagglutination-inhibition test血凝抑制试验japanese b encephalitis,jbe日本乙型脑炎hemagglutination phenomenon血凝现象klebsiella克雷伯氏菌属hemolysin溶血素k.pneumoniae肺炎克雷伯氏菌hemlphilus嗜血杆菌属lactobacillus乳杆菌属h.influenzae流行性感冒杆菌latent infection潜伏感染

11、hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome肾综合征合征出血热ld50半数致死量helical symmetry螺旋对称legionella军团菌属hepadnaviridae嗜肝病毒科legionnaires disease军团菌病hepatitis a virus,hav甲型肝炎病毒lentivirinae慢病毒科hepatitis b virus,hbv乙型肝炎病毒leptospira钩端螺旋体属hepatitis virus肝炎病毒local infection局部感染herpes simplex virus单纯疱疹病毒lipopolysaccharide

12、,lps脂多糖varicella-zoster virus带状疱疹病毒lysogenic bacteria溶原性细菌herpetoviridae疱疹病毒科lysogeny溶原状态human herps virus type 6、7人疱疹病毒6、7型lysogenic phage溶原性噬菌体histoplasma capsulatum荚膜组织胞浆菌lyssavirus狂犬病毒科measles virus麻疹病毒papovaviridae乳多空病毒科mesosome中介体parainfluenza virus副流感病毒metabolic inhibition test代谢抑制试验parmyxovi

13、ridae副粘病毒科metachromatic granules异染颗粒paramyxovirus副粘病毒microbiology微生物学parvoviridae微小病毒科microcapsule微荚膜parvavirus微小病毒mcrococcus tetragenus四联球菌penicillium青霉菌micrometer,micron(u=um)微米penetration穿入microorganism微生物peplomer囊微粒mold霉菌persistent infection持续性感染monilia albicans白色念珠菌pesticine-1鼠疫杆菌杀菌素mucor毛霉菌pic

14、ornaviridae小核糖核酸病毒科mumps virus腮腺炎病毒pilus(或 fimbrae)菌毛mutation突变plague鼠疫mycelium菌丝体plaque forming unit,pfu空斑形成单位mycobacterium分枝杆菌属plasmid质粒m.tuberculosis结核分枝杆菌plasmin胞浆素mycolic acid分枝菌酸poliovirus脊髓灰质炎病毒mycoplasma支原体属polykaryocyte多核巨细胞mycostatin制霉菌素poly i:c,polyinosinic:cytrdyeic acid多聚肌苷酸：胞苷酸mycotoxi

15、cosis真菌毒素中毒症poxviridae痘病毒科mycrosporum小孢子癣菌属poxvirus痘病毒nairovirus内罗病毒属pre-s antigen前s抗原negri body内基氏小体primary cell culture原代细胞培养neisseria奈瑟氏菌属prickle cell棘细胞n.gonorrhoeae淋病奈瑟氏力prion蛋白侵染因子n.meningitidis脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌-propialactone-丙内脂new enterovirus新型肠道病毒prophage前噬菌体normal flora正常菌群proteus变形杆菌nuclear materia

16、l核质protoplast原生质体nucleocapsid核衣壳provirus前病毒old tuberculin,ot旧结核菌素pseudomonas假单胞菌属oncornavirus rna肿瘤病毒p.aeruginosa绿脓杆菌orthomyxoviridae正粘病毒科purified protein derivative,ppd纯化蛋白衍生物orthomyxovirus正粘病毒pyosepticemia脓毒血症human papilloma virus乳头瘤病毒pyrogen热原质rabies virus狂犬病病毒sh.boydii鲍氏志贺氏菌receptor binding prot

17、ein受体连接蛋白sh.dysenteriae痢疾志贺氏菌release释放sh.flexneri福氏志贺氏菌reoviridae呼肠孤病毒科sh.sonnei宋内氏志贺氏菌replication复制slow infection慢发性感染resistance factor耐药因子spheroplast原生质球resistance transfer factor,ptf耐药性传递因子spike刺突respiratory syncytial virus,rs virus呼吸道病毒spirillum螺菌respiratory viruses逆转录病毒科spore芽胞，孢子retroviridae逆转

18、录病毒staphylococcus葡萄球菌retrovirus逆转录酶stap.aureus金黄色葡萄球菌reverse transcriptase弹状病毒科stap.epidermidis表皮葡萄球菌rhabdoviridae病毒唑stap.protein a,spa葡萄球菌a蛋白ribavirin(virozol)rna病毒sterdy state infection稳定感染rickettsia立克次氏体属sterillization灭菌rifampin利福平streptococcus链球菌属ringworm fungi癣菌strep.anhemolyticus非溶血性链球菌rochali

19、maea罗沙利马体属strep.hemolyticus溶血性链球菌（乙型链球菌）rotavirus轮状病毒strp.pneumonia肺炎链球菌russian spring-summer encephalitis virus苏联春夏季脑炎病毒strep.viridans草绿色链球菌（甲型链球菌）sabourauds medium沙保氏培养培养基streptodornase链道酶salmonella沙门氏菌属streptokinase链激酶s.choleraesuis猪霍乱沙氏菌subclinical infection亚临床感染s.typhi伤寒沙门氏菌subunit vaccine亚单位疫苗

20、s.paratyphi副伤寒沙门氏菌subacute sclerosing panencephalitis sspe亚急性硬化性全脑炎s.typhimurium鼠伤寒沙门氏菌subvirus亚病毒sarcina八迭球菌syncytium合胞体shigella志贺菌属syphilis梅毒tcid50 50%组织细胞感染量systemic infection全身感染teichoic acid磷壁酸vertical transmission垂直传播temperate phage温和噬菌体vibrio弧菌属temperature-sensitive conditional mutant,ts温度敏感突

21、变株v.cholerae霍乱弧菌thymidine kinase胸腺核苷激酶veillenella韦荣氏球菌属togaviridae披膜病毒科virino朊病毒toxemia毒血症virion病毒体toxin类毒素viroid类病毒toxoid密螺旋体属virulence毒力treponema梅毒螺旋体virulent phage毒性噬菌体t.pallidum雅司螺旋体virus病毒t.pertenue毛癣菌属virusoid拟病毒trichophyton毛癣菌素vonc病毒癌基因trichophytin脱壳widal test肥达氏试验uncoating脲原体属yersinia耶尔森氏菌属ureaplasma脲原体属y.pestis鼠疫杆菌vaccine疫苗y.pseudotuberculosis假结核杆菌