全国自学考试试题语言与文化试卷

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1、全国高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码： 00838I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%)1. Language is_. （）A. the product of the human brainB. rul

2、e governedC. independent of cultureD. the result of social institutions2.Culture is a social phenomenon because it is a _ product of human societies.（）A. technicalB. cooperativeC. newD. language3.A_is a small open space symbolically enclosed with very low walls and adjoining abuilding. （）A. semi hou

3、seB. balconyC. plotD. yard4.English is often referred to as a _ language because it uses frequently connectives toindicate the relation between linguistic elements.（）A. paratacticB. hypotacticC. branchingD. linear5.Decide which of the following words is the word with an inflectional morpheme.（）A. co

4、mpleteB. behaviorC. playedD. membership6.When receiving a gift, the English speakers normally say_. （）A. “ Thank you very much. How much is it?”B. “ Where did you get it? This is really what I want”.C. “ It must have cost you a lot. Thank you very much”.D. “ It s very nice”.7.Which expression is NOT

5、 appropriate for you to use after you receive an apology?（）1A. It s O.K.B. It s all right.C. Not at all.D. Never mind.8. A: Is Jenny co .ruing to the party?B: Yes, she is.The sentences in the above dialogue are connected by both grammatical and lexical means, sowe say that they exhibit_.（）A. cohesio

6、nB. coherenceC. coexistenceD. cooperation9.Most of the cultural interpretations of the difference between English and Chinese at the textuallevel are_. （）A. conclusions rather than tentative assumptionsB,. tentative assumptions rather than conclusionsC. either tentative assumptions or conclusionsD.

7、neither tentative assumptions nor conclusions10. In American English, the equivalent word for“公寓”is_.（）A. departmentB. flatC. apartmentD. basement11.7 days without 7-up make one weak.In this advertisement, one can find the tactful use of _. （）A. homophonesB. figure of speechC. repetitionD. several a

8、djectives12.Nodding means“ agreement” to Chinese and most Europeans. But in the Eskimo gesturalsystem, head nodding means“ _ ” . （）A. yesB. angerC. pleasureD. no13._is a construction, expression, etc., having a meaning different from the literal oneor not according to the usual patterns of the langu

9、age. （）A.“ To pull one”s legB. “ To keep a straight face”C.“ To make a cat laugh”D. “ To ride one s high horse”14.The proverb “ Homer sometimes nods ” is related to_.2（）A. ChristianityB. Greco-Roman civilizationC. individualismD. insular culture15. In English culture _ connote wisdom.A. miceB. chick

10、ensC. owlsD. mules16. _is the symbol of fear, cowardice or timidity. （）A. A white slaveB. A white elephantC. A white hopeD. A white feather17. _shows a biased attitude towards certain ethnic groups.A. Racist languageB. Religious languageC. Sexist languageD. Metaphorical language18. The thematic mode

11、l emphasizes three culture elements: _. （）A. traits, values and world viewsB. personal behaviours, thinking patterns and valuesC. norms, customs and circumstancesD. time, space and dimension19. _are pleasant, polite or harmless sounding words or expressions used to mask harsh, rude or infamous truth

12、s.A. HonourificsB. Terms of humilityC. EuphemismsD. Taboos20. For example, a boy told his mother in a whispering voice that it was not he who broke thevase but did not dare to look at his mother in her eyes. How could one interpret his verbaland nonverbal messages? （）A. Complementing.B. Contradictin

13、g.C. RepeatingD. Regulating. . Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read eachstatement and the four alternatives carefully and decide what alternatives can completethe statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21. Some of the important prop

14、erties in a language are_.（）3A. a set of symbolsB. human specificC. vocalD. unsystematic22. “ Handsome ” meansnice looking and canbe usedtogether with the followingwords_. （）A. villageB. vesselC. typewriterD. overcoat23. Inductive argumentation has been related to_. （）A. the linear thinking patternB

15、. the branching thinking patternC. inductive reasoningD. indirect personality24. When people are introduced, _. （）A. they always shake handsB. they normally shake hands in formal or business situationsC. they do not always shake handsD. men shake hands more often than women25. The logical relationsh

16、ips between adjoining sentences can be classified into_.（ ）A. additiveB. adversativeC. causalD. temporal26. The word“hero” can be pronounced as_.（）A. hervB. hi:rvC. hirvD. hir v27. Silence may send the nonverbal messages of_.（）A. displeasureB. pleasureC. indifferenceD. irritation28. _means to be clu

17、msy.（）A. “ To put one s foot in one” s mouthB. “ To be all thumbs ”C. “ To have a chip on one s shoulder”D. “ To have two left feet ”29. _have the metaphorical meaning of timidity. （）4A. BeaversB. LambsC. MiceD. Chickens30. _is a euphemistic synonym of“ poor ” .A. DeprivedB. NeedyC. UnderprivilegedD

18、. DisadvantagedIII. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.(20%)31. Language is vocal, which means that speech is the _of language.32. Each language represents a unique system of meaning in _ ways.33. “ 2006 年 8 月 12 日下午 3 点” can be translated into_.34. John Bull is _ personified.35.

19、 It has been claimed that English texts develop in a _ fashion, while Chinese ones develop in a spiral way.36. A national language may have several regional_.37. Though Chinese speakers tend to say “犟牛” to mean stubborn, English speakers would say“as stubborn as a_” in similar situations.38. The Eng

20、lish expression equivalent to“敝校”is_.39. If a person stretches out his forefinger and the middle finger apart, he means_.40 The English idiom equivalent to “鹤立鸡群” or“ 羊群里的骆驼” is“_ ”.IV . Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)41 What is the English equivalent for“挂钟” ?42. What are the four typ

21、es of common English names?43. What does a white slave refer to?44. What is the typical text structure of letters of request in English? And how does it differ from that of Chinese letters?V. Translation. (18%)45不动声色46久仰大名47. My hands are as cold as ice48. Wine and judgment matures with age.49. The

22、Chinese people prefer the order in which the modifier appears before the head because5they are indirect. For the same reason, the subordinate clause precedes the main clause in Chinese.50. In China when people visit a friend and have dinner with his or her family, the host or hostess often says, “ T

23、hese are the best dishes we can supply. Please feel at home and help yourselves”.Vl. Discuss the following topics. (20%)51. What cross-cultural contrasts can you find between English and Chinese telephone calls?52. “Plain looking ”, “ heavy”, “ slender”, “ physically handicapped ”, and “ hard of hearing ”are some commonly used euphemisms. How do we use those euphemisms related to human appearance?6