中考形容词、副词复习与练习

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1、中考形容词副词专项复习 学习目标：1。注意形容词、副词在句中的作用。2比较级与最高级的构成，一些不规则变化，以及用法。3掌握有关形容词与副词的一些句型及用法。4形容词修饰不定代词的用法。考点精析 一、形容词：用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。1、形容词的句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。2、形容词在句子中的位置：作定语时放在名词的前面。形容词修饰名词。如：a big yellow wooden Chinese ship(一个黄色的大型中国木船)前置形容词（作定语）的顺序为： 冠词+描述性形容词（pretty/ugly/kind等）+表特征形容词（大形新年色）+专属形

2、容词（国籍等）+材料 +名词作表语时放在连系动词之后，构成系表结构。如：The idea sounds great. 连系动词主要有：be(am, is, are), look(看起来), sound（听起来）, smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来）, feel（感到，摸起来）.作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如：We must try our best to keep our environment clean. keep/find/make/think+宾语+形容词（作宾补）后置的情况： 修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如：Something serious has happened

3、to him.(他发生了严重的事故)与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。如：Hes 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)二、副词：用来说明事情发生时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。1、副词的分类：(见下表)时 间 副 词频度副词地点/方位副词程度副词方式副词疑问/连接副词其他副词today, tomorrow,once,here, there,very, too,well,how,too,

4、also,yesterday, now,twice,home, below,enough,hard,where,nor, so,then, early, late,always,anywhere,rather, quite,alone,when,as, on,off,once, soon, just,usually,above, outside,how, so,fast,why,either,tonight, long,often,in, inside, out,much, just,together,whetheryes, no,already, yet, before,sometimes,

5、back, up, down,nearly, onlysuddenly,however, etc.not, neitherago, later, ever sincenever,away, off, far,almost, hardly,-ly结尾关系副词maybe,after, whenever(seldom),near, nearby,as long as等,的副词where,perhaps,first, someday,ever,wherevereven, all,why, howcertainly,sometime, last,everywhere,a little, a bitwhe

6、n,三、形容词、 副词的原级、比较级和最高级1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。2、规则变化:(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。a)直接加er,est ：b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est：(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more / most.3、不规则变化:原级比较级最高级good好的better更好的best最好的well好；(身体)好的,bad, badly糟糕的,糟糕地w

7、orse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的ill(身体)不舒服的many许多的(可数)more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多的(不可数)；非常little少的less更少的least最少的far远的；远地farther更远的；更远地farthest最远的；最远地further进一步的(地)furthest最深刻的(地)4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法：级别比较程度表达方式和意义例 句备 注原级同等程度肯定形式As+原级+as(像一样)Art is as interesting as music.Play as well

8、as you can.否定形式not + so (as) +原级+as(不如那样)English is not so difficult as science.She does not think swimming is as interesting as hiking.注意I dont think否定前移句型比较级不同程度（用于两者比较）比较级+than(比)Jim is older than Luky.I like pork better than beef.比较级前面可以加much, far, even, still,a lot, a little, a bit等程度加深比较级+and+

9、比较级（越来越）The + 比较级，the + 比较级（越, 越）He is growing taller and taller.He studies better and better.The more books she reads, the better she understand.最高级最高程度（用于三者或三者以上）The +最高级+of (in)(最)Spring is the best season of the year.Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all.副词最高级前面的the 往往省略注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, ro

10、und, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。5、形容词比较级与最高级的特殊用法举例： His bike is newer than hers. (见到than 必须用比较级) Jim is the tallest in our class.(在班集等集体内用介词in来表示比较的范围) Jim is the tallest of all (the studens). (见到of all 要用最高级) = Of all the students, Jim is the tallest. Jim is the tallest of the three. (见到of the t

11、hree要用最高级) Which is bigger, a tiger or a monkey ? (两者比用比较级) Which is the biggest, a tiger, a dog or a monkey ?（三者或三者以上比用最高级） This ruler is short , Please give me a longer one. Id like the bigger (one) of the two cakes.（两者中“较”用“the+比较级”） Tom is two years older than I. 汤姆比我大两岁。 Tom is twice as old as

12、I. 汤姆的年龄是我的两倍。 The number of the students in our school is bigger/larger/smaller than yours. 我们学校的学生数目比你们学校大/小。（两个数量/目只级比较大小，不能比较多少(价格price只能比较高低，用“high”或“low”，不能比较贵或便宜)6、比较级与最高级的互换Jim is taller than any other boy in our class.(吉姆比我们班上任何一个男孩都高)= Jim is taller than the other boys in our class.(在我们班上吉

13、姆其它的男孩高)= Jim is taller than any of the other boys in our class.= Jim is the tallest boy in our class.（吉姆是我们班最高的） . Jim is taller than any girl in our class.（吉姆比我们班的任何一个女孩都高） .Tom isnt as/so tall as Mike. = Tom is shorter than Mike. = Mike is taller than Tom. = Tom is less tall than Mike. .This book

14、 isnt as/so interesting as that book. =This book is less interesting than that book =That book is more interesting than this book.7、比较级前常用的修饰语:比较级前常用a bit/a little（一点），much/a lot（非常）,even/far(更加),still等词语表示程度。而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot等词。例如：She is a little taller t

15、han I (me). Rose is much more careful than Tom. Would you like some more coffee?(你还要些咖啡吗？) He did not eat any more.(他没有再吃)8、使用形容词和副词比较级和最高级应注意事项: 1. than必须放在形容词比较级的后面。2. 形容词的最高级前必须有the, 而副词的最高级前the可以省略。3. 在进行比较时，必须是同类事物相比较。His ruler is longer than I. (错) His ruler is longer than mine.(对) The weather here is hotter than that in Beijing.(that不能少)课后巩固：认真完成综合练习册相关题目