国际商务合翻译教学

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1、International Business Contracts translation国际商务合同翻译国际商务合同翻译Course DescriptionsBasic Knowledge of International Business Contracts 一、合同的基本概念 Basic Concept of Contract二、Features of International Business Contract三、合同翻译的标准 一、合同的基本概念 Basic Concept of Contract 中华人民共和国合同法第2条规定：“合合同是同是平等主体平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织

2、之间设的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议协议”(Contract refers to agreements between equal natural persons，legal persons and other organizations for the purpose of establishing,altering and terminating mutual civil rights and obligations)。二、Features of International Business ContractIn acco

3、rdance with General principles of the Contract Law of PRC,a business contract shall be in compliance with the following legal elements:1.contractual capacity of the parties(合同当事人的缔约能力)2.genuineness of consent(同意的真实性)3.Free will4.Honesty and trustworthiness5.Fairness6.Complying with law Some business

4、 contracts concluded by persons with only limited capacity for civil conducts or entered into by a person mentally incompetent can be revocable,invalid,or no contract at all.contractual capacity of the parties1 1 Any consent to a business contract must be genuine,and lack of genuine consent can be t

5、he result of a mutual mistake of fact,fraud,duress.If one party,through the use of fraud or forced means or by taking advantage of the other partys difficulties,leads the other party to conclude a business contract contrary to his true intentions,the party suffering from harm has the right to reques

6、t that the court or an arbitration body alter the contract.Genuineness of consent2 2 The principle of free will prevents any unit or individual from illegally interfering with other partys right to conclude business contracts.Furthermore,neither party in a business contract may impose its will on th

7、e other party.Free will3 3honesty and trustworthiness4 4In performing business contracts,parties shall observe the principle of honesty and trustworthiness and exercise their rights properly and fulfilling their obligations actively.A business contractual relationship images the relationship of circ

8、ulation of commodities.Only when the principle of fairness is complied with can the market be in good order.In concluding business contracts,parties shall fairly define their respective rights and obligations.A party shall not conclude a contract that is clearly unfair by taking advantage of his pre

9、dominance over the other party,or of the other partys lacking of experience.Fairness5 5 In concluding business contracts,parties shall respect social morals,and may not disturb the social or economic order or harm social and public plying with laws6 6三、三、商务合同的翻译标准商务合同的翻译标准 一、准确严谨一、准确严谨（faithfulness&

10、accuracy）商务合同的专业性和兼容性越来越强，为了避商务合同的专业性和兼容性越来越强，为了避免产生歧义，涉外商务合同的翻译必须把免产生歧义，涉外商务合同的翻译必须把“准确严准确严谨谨”作为首要标准。合同文本是合同双方当事人真作为首要标准。合同文本是合同双方当事人真实意思表示的文字形式的记录，因此合同文本的翻实意思表示的文字形式的记录，因此合同文本的翻译不同于文学翻译，一般不讲究文采韵味，而要求译不同于文学翻译，一般不讲究文采韵味，而要求必须准确严谨反映当事人的意思表示。必须准确严谨反映当事人的意思表示。要做到用词准确（要做到用词准确（accuracy）。）。If Party A insi

11、sted on its original quotation,Party B will have to cover its requirements elsewhere.（如果甲方坚持原报价，乙方将只能从其它渠道购进所需（如果甲方坚持原报价，乙方将只能从其它渠道购进所需之货物。）之货物。）Party B shall cover the goods with particular average.（乙方将对该货物投保水渍险。）（乙方将对该货物投保水渍险。）In order to cover our order,we have arranged with Dalian Branch,the Ban

12、k of China,a credit for USD 86 000.（为支付我方订货货款，我方已委托中国银行大连分行开（为支付我方订货货款，我方已委托中国银行大连分行开立立86 000美元的信用证。）美元的信用证。）动词动词cover一般是做一般是做“包括，囊括包括，囊括”讲，但在以上句子中，讲，但在以上句子中，不但不能按原来的意思翻译，而且在各句中由于所属领域不但不能按原来的意思翻译，而且在各句中由于所属领域范围的不同，其所表达的意思也是不同的：分别是范围的不同，其所表达的意思也是不同的：分别是“购进购进货物货物”、“投保险投保险”、“偿付偿付”等意思。等意思。二、规范通顺二、规范通顺（e

13、xpressiveness&smoothness）合同文本是一种法律文件，属于庄严性文体。合同文本是一种法律文件，属于庄严性文体。翻译商务合同时还应该把规范通顺视为另一大原翻译商务合同时还应该把规范通顺视为另一大原则。所谓则。所谓“规范规范”，是指译文必须符合法律语言，是指译文必须符合法律语言的特点，尽量体现出契约文体的特点。而所谓的特点，尽量体现出契约文体的特点。而所谓“通顺通顺”，是指译文应当符合汉语的语法要求，是指译文应当符合汉语的语法要求，使译文清晰易懂。使译文清晰易懂。During the period from the date of effectiveness to the te

14、rmination of the Contract,the two Parties shall hold a meeting very year to discuss problems arising form the execution of the Contract.（原译：在合同生效之日起到合同终止之日的期间内，双（原译：在合同生效之日起到合同终止之日的期间内，双方每年举行一次会议，讨论合同发行中出现的问题。）方每年举行一次会议，讨论合同发行中出现的问题。）原文在理解上没有什么特别困难的地方，译文意思也算正原文在理解上没有什么特别困难的地方，译文意思也算正确，但只对原文逐字逐句翻译，显得

15、呆板，改译为：本合确，但只对原文逐字逐句翻译，显得呆板，改译为：本合同有效期间，双方应每年正式会晤一次，以讨论本合同履同有效期间，双方应每年正式会晤一次，以讨论本合同履行期间存在的问题。行期间存在的问题。1.总代理人 2.代理协议 3.累计佣金 4.补偿贸易 5.来料加工 6.来料装配 7.投标 8.委托人 remember the following expressions.general agentagency agreementaccumulative commissioncompensating tradeprocessing on giving materialsassembling

16、 on provided parts bidding principal9.国营10.私营企业11.中外合资企业12.中外合作企业13.外商独资企业State-operated:state-owned,state-runnon-governmental enterprise,private enterprise Sino-foreign joint venturesSino-foreign cooperative businessWholly Foreign-owned Enterprise合同条款 签约日期 合同费 合同格式 合同法 合同说明 合同号 违反合同，违约 撤销合同 执行合同 co

17、ntract clausecontract datecontract feecontract formcontract lawcontract notescontract numberbreak of contractcancellation of contractexecution of contract解释合同执行(履行)合同终止合同撕毁合同履行合同草拟合同执行合同执行合同履行合同遵守合同与订立合同interpretation of contractperformance of contracttermination of contractbreak a contract carry out a contract draw up a contract execute a contractfulfill a contractimplement a contractkeep a contractmake a contract with