高考英语语法复习专题-名词性从句

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1、高考英语语法复习专题 - 名词性从句w一、考点聚焦 1、名词性从句中连接词的运用名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。1that的用法。主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。如：That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem

2、is that we dont have enough money.She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：A当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；B当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；C当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如：He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understand wi

3、ne Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that BIt is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that .CIt is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggeste

4、d that DIt seems/happens that。如：It happened that I went out last night.It is said that China will win in the World Cup.that和what的区别。that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不以当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词 + 关系代词即常说的先行词 + that。如：Its shame that he has made such a mistake. Do what he says

5、.同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which.同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。如：They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China a

6、gain.(同位语从句)The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.定语从句 2whether和if的用法。whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：It all depends on whether they will come back.后面直接跟or not 时用whether。如：I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.主语从句表语从句中只能用whether。如：Whether the

7、 meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.The question is whether they have so much money.whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if不能。如：We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。如：The question of whether they are male or

8、female is not impor-tant.I have not decided whether to go or not.间接引语位于句首时或者是间接引语提前时用whether不用if。如：Thank you, but whether Ill be free Im not sure at the moment.whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管、“无论，而if不能。如：Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.3疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别。疑问词 + ever可引导名词性

9、从句，在主从句中要充当一定的局部。如：Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.You can choose whatever you like in the shop.疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,Whatever you do, you must do it well.no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：No matter what you do, you must do it well.No matter who break

10、s the rule, he must be punished.4when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。when 和where前面的名词假设是表示时间、地点的名词，那么when和where引导的是定语从句，否那么那么为同位语从句。如：They put forward the question where they could get the money.This is the place where the accident happened.2、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致1宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用

11、一般现在时。如：Hello,I didnt know you were in London. How long have you been here?The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.2主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.When they will start

12、and where they go have not been decided yet.When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.3、名词性从句的词序名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：He asked me what was the matter with me.Weve heard the news that well move into the new house.Whatever you say will interest us all.&二、精典名题导解选择填空1. A computer can only d

13、o _ you have instructed it to do.(NMET 2001)A.how B.after C.what D.when解析：答案为C。此题考查的是名词性从句作宾语的用法。此句的引导词既作连词又在宾语从句中充当一成分，故what最适宜。2. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off ? (NMET 99)A.why B.when C.what D.where解析：答案为A。此题考查的是从句的用法。根据题意“我上周开车去珠海看航空展去了。下面一句接着问：“那就是

14、你为什么离开的原因吗？故用why引导表语从句表示原因。3. I hate _ when peope talk with their mouths full.(NMET 98)A.it B.that C.these D.them解析：答案为A。此题考查的是形式宾语的用法。题意为“我讨厌人们谈话时嘴里塞满东西。该空白处没有任何含义，而且已经用了when连接该宾语从句，所以此处只填一个形式宾语it。4.I think Father would like to know Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.A. whi

15、ch B. why C. what D. how解析：答案为C。考查宾语从句连词用法，由结构sb. be up to sth.可知，应选what作介词to的宾语。5.We cannot figure out quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.A. that B. as C. why D. when解析：答案为C。此题考查宾语从句知识，figure out为及物动词，故此句为宾语从句，从句意得知连词在从句中作原因状语，应选why.6.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling

16、the earth, our astronauts desire do is walk in space.A. where B. what C. that D. how解析：答案为B。此题句子为时间状语从句，全主句的主语是由主语从句来充当的，并且主语从句中不定式动词do缺少宾语，应选what。根底训练题1. It now appears _ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how2. It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C

17、. that D. how3. It _ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B. thinks that C. is thought that D. is thought that4. It _ he is late for class. A. may that B. might that C. may be that D. might be what5. This is _ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what6. The question is _ we cant go there today. A

18、. that B. what C. which D. when7. The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what8. The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what9. My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C.

19、 which D. where10. His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain. A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built11. My advice is that he _ regular house. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept12._ knows the truth will tell you about it. A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That w

20、ho13. We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whether14. We heard the news _ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where15. The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if16. You must do well _ the teach

21、er asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where强化训练题1Much to the couples comfort, their income is now double it was five years agoAthat Bthan Cwhich Dwhat2. it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional health, and crying seems to well. A. Whatever; work B. Whichever; help C.

22、 However; function D. What; help3If the project should be delayed for a day, would mean we would be fined $ 100,000.Athat BasCwhichDand it4When I try to understand it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, is seems to me there are quite a few causes.Awhy; thatBwh

23、ich; asCwhat; thatDwhether; since5. There is a feeling in me _ we will never know what a UFO is. A. thatB. whichC. of whichD. what6. While the total number of farmers engaged in the agriculture production is barely half _ it used to be in 1959, the size of the average farm has tripled.A. that B. wha

24、t C. which D. how7. It was after he got he had wanted he realized it was not so important.A. what; what B. what; that C. that; what D. that; which8What if we meet with a situation none of us are able to deal with？Awhere Bin which Cwhat Dthat9Advertising is different from other forms of communication

25、 the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.Ain whichBin order thatCin thatDin the way10Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children?No, thats they are mistaken.AwhereBwhatCwhenDhow11. The only problem was _ we kept getting lost! But London people are

26、very friendly and helpful.A. whyB. whetherC. thatD. how12. The fact she had not said anything at the meeting all of us.A. what; surprised B. what; was surprisedC. that; surprised D. that; was surprising13. The most exciting thing for him was he finally found two tinned fruits in seemed to him to be

27、a servants bedroom.A. that; that B. that; what C. what; that D. what; what14. Finally they arrived at a place_ sold cigarettes and other small articles.A. where B. which C. in which D. what 15. There were two small rooms in the house, _served as kitchen.A. the smaller of which B. the small of which

28、C. the smaller of them D. the smaller one16. It is no longer a question now _ man can land on the moon.A. that B. if C. whether D. what17. I have the same opinion as you _ the privacy of ones life should be kept secret.A. that B. which C. whether D. where高考训练题2007年高考1._ matters most in learning Engl

29、ish is enough practice. (全国卷II)A. WhatB. Why C. WhereD. Which2. _ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. (上海卷) A. ThatB. What C. Whether D. Where3. The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed to make us do so. (上海卷) A. whenB. whyC. whether D. that4.

30、Could I speak to- is in charge of International Sales, please? (山东卷)Aanyone Bsomeone Cwhoever Dno matter who 5. You can only be sure of_ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future. (安徽卷) A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that6. Why not try your luc

31、k downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are. (浙江卷) A. what B. where C. when D. why 7. It is none of your business other people think about you. Believe yourself. (福建卷)A. how B. whatC. whichD. when8. Having checked the doors were closed, and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his be

32、droom. (湖南卷) A. why B. that C. when D. where 9. Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for. (江苏卷) A. whatB. whyC. how D. whether10. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. (陕西卷)A. That B. Which C. WhatD. As11. By improving reading skills, you can read fast

33、er and understand more of you read(上海春)AthatBwhat C. whichDwhether12. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make _ it is. (天津卷)A. what B. which C. how D. where2021年高考1. The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T-shirt _ the season. 全国I卷A.

34、whateverB. whereverC. wheneverD. however2. Students are always interested in finding out _ they can go with a new teacher. 安徽卷 A. how far B. how soon C. how often D. how long3. _ is known to us all is that the 2021 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. 福建卷 A. It B. What C. As D. Which4. When ask

35、ed _ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. 湖南卷 A. what B. why C. whom D. which5. _ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. 山东卷A. ItB. ThisC. WhatD. As6. Animals suffered at the hands of Man _ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultura

36、l had to provide food for more people. 江西卷A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that7. _wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. 浙江卷A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who8. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home. 浙

37、江卷A. what B. that C. which D. one9. The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. 北京卷 A. which B. that C. what D. who10. The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park. 天津卷 A. where B. how C. when D. why 11. Peop

38、le in Chongqing are proud of _ they have achieved, in the past ten years. 重庆卷 A. that B. which C. what D. how 12. All people, _ they are old or young, rich or poor, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. 重庆卷A. even if B. whether C. no matter D. however13.

39、 As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about _he will do or think. (上海卷)A. what B. whichC. whomD. that14. It has been proved _ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. (上海卷) A. ifB. becauseC. whenD. that参考答案名词性从句根底训练题1-5 ACDCA 6-10 ABCBC 11-16 ABABCB名词性从句强化训练题1-5 DAACA 6-10 BBDCA 11-17 CCBBAAA定语从句高考题2007年高考1-5 ABDCB 6-10BBBAC 11-12 BA2021年高考1-5 AABAC 6-10 DCACC 11-14 CBAD