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1、毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译毕业设计（论文）课题宿舍管理系统的设计与实现翻译题目Design and implementation of dormitory management system学 院信息与科技工程学院专业班级计科1401姓 名骆杨钊学 号124467指导教师孙鹏Jsp、MySQL和B/S模式简介1 Jsp简介1.1 什么是Java Server Pages?JSP全称Java Server Pages，是一种动态网页开发技术。它使用JSP标签在HTML网页中插入Java代码。标签通常以结束。JSP是一种Java servlet，主要用于实现Java web应用程序的用户界面部分

2、。网页开发者们通过结合HTML代码、XHTML代码、XML元素以及嵌入JSP操作和命令来编写JSP。JSP通过网页表单获取用户输入数据、访问数据库及其他数据源，然后动态地创建网页。JSP标签有多种功能，比如访问数据库、记录用户选择信息、访问JavaBeans组件等，还可以在不同的网页中传递控制信息和共享信息。1.2 为什么使用JSP？JSP程序与CGI程序有着相似的功能，但和CGI程序相比，JSP程序有如下优势：（1）性能更加优越，因为JSP可以直接在HTML网页中动态嵌入元素而不需要单独引用CGI文件。（2）服务器调用的是已经编译好的JSP文件，而不像CGI/Perl那样必须先载入解释器和目

3、标脚本。（3）JSP 基于Java Servlet API，因此，JSP拥有各种强大的企业级Java API，包括JDBC，JNDI，EJB，JAXP等等。（4）JSP页面可以与处理业务逻辑的 Servlet 一起使用，这种模式被Java servlet 模板引擎所支持。最后，JSP是Java EE不可或缺的一部分，是一个完整的企业级应用平台。这意味着JSP可以用最简单的方式来实现最复杂的应用。1.3 JSP的优势以下列出了使用JSP带来的其他好处：（1）与ASP相比：JSP有两大优势。首先，动态部分用Java编写，而不是VB或其他MS专用语言，所以更加强大与易用。第二点就是JSP易于移植到非

4、MS平台上。（2）与纯 Servlet 相比：JSP可以很方便的编写或者修改HTML网页而不用去面对大量的println语句。（3）与SSI相比：SSI无法使用表单数据、无法进行数据库链接。（4）与JavaScript相比：虽然JavaScript可以在客户端动态生成HTML，但是很难与服务器交互，因此不能提供复杂的服务，比如访问数据库和图像处理等等。（5）与静态HTML相比：静态HTML不包含动态信息。2.MySQL简介2.1简介：MySQL是最流行的开放源码SQL数据库管理系统，它是由MySQL AB公司开发、发布并支持的。MySQL AB是由多名MySQL开发人创办的一家商业公司。它是一

5、家第二代开放源码公司，结合了开放源码价值取向、方法和成功的商业模型。2.1.1MySQL是一种数据库管理系统数据库是数据的结构化集合。它可以是任何东西，从简单的购物清单到画展，或企业网络中的海量信息。要想将数据添加到数据库，或访问、处理计算机数据库中保存的数据，需要使用数据库管理系统，如MySQL服务器。计算机是处理大量数据的理想工具，因此，数据库管理系统在计算方面扮演着关键的中心角色，或是作为独立的实用工具，或是作为其他应用程序的组成部分。 2.1.2MySQL是一种关联数据库管理系统关联数据库将数据保存在不同的表中，而不是将所有数据放在一个大的仓库内。这样就增加了速度并提高了灵活性。MyS

6、QL的SQL指得是“结构化查询语言”。SQL是用于访问数据库的最常用标准化语言，它是由ANSI/ISO SQL标准定义的。SQL标准自1986年以来不断演化发展，有数种版本。在本手册中，“SQL-92”指得是1992年发布的标准，“SQL:1999”指得是1999年发布的标准，“SQL:2003”指得是标准的当前版本。我们采用术语“SQL标准”标示SQL标准的当前版本 2.1.3MySQL软件是一种开放源码软件“开放源码”意味着任何人都能使用和改变软件。任何人都能从Internet下载MySQL软件，而无需支付任何费用。如果愿意，你可以研究源码并进行恰当的更改，以满足你自己的需求。MySQL软

7、件采用了GPL（GNU通用公共许可证），http:/www.fsf.org/licenses/，定义了在不同情况下可以用软件作的事和不可作的事。 2.1.4MySQL数据库服务器具有快速、可靠和易于使用的特点如果它正是你所寻找的，不妨一试。MySQL服务器还有一套实用的特性集合，这些特性是通过与我们用户的密切合作而开发的。在我们的基准测试主页上，给出了MySQL服务器和其他数据库管理器的比较结果。MySQL服务器最初是为处理大型数据库而开发的，与已有的解决方案相比，它的速度更快，多年以来，它已成功用于众多要求很高的生产环境。尽管MySQL始终在不断发展，但目前MySQL服务器已能提供丰富和有用

8、的功能。它具有良好的连通性、速度和安全性，这使的MySQL十分适合于访问Internet上的数据库 2.1.5MySQL服务器工作在客户端/服务器模式下，或嵌入式系统中MySQL数据库软件是一种客户端/服务器系统，由支持不同后端的1个多线程SQL服务器，数种不同的客户端程序和库，众多管理工具和广泛的应用编程接口API组成。我们还能以嵌入式多线程库的形式提供MySQL服务器，你可以将其链接到你的应用程序，从而获得更小、更快、和更易管理的产品2.2什么是MySql?一个小型关系型数据库管理系统,目前被广泛应用在Internate上的小型网站中.有什么特点?体积小、速度快、总体拥有成本低、开放源代码

9、、性能快捷、优化SQL语言、容易使用、多线程和可靠性、多用户支持、可移植性和开放源代码、遵守国际标准和国际化支持、为多种编程语言提供API2.3不足之处 不能直接处理XML数据、不能提供任何OLAP(实时分析系统)功能3. B/S模式简介B/S结构(Browser/Server，浏览器/服务器模式)，是WEB兴起后的一种网络结构模式，WEB浏览器是客户端最主要的应用软件。这种模式统一了客户端，将系统功能实现的核心部分集中到服务器上，简化了系统的开发、维护和使用。客户机上只要安装一个浏览器，如Netscape Navigator或Internet Explorer，服务器安装SQL Server

10、、Oracle、MYSQL等数据库。浏览器通过Web Server 同数据库进行数据交互。3.1主要作用B/S最大的优点就是可以在任何地方进行操作而不用安装任何专门的软件，只要有一台能上网的电脑就能使用，客户端零安装、零维护。系统的扩展非常容易。B/S结构的使用越来越多，特别是由需求推动了AJAX技术的发展，它的程序也能在客户端电脑上进行部分处理，从而大大的减轻了服务器的负担；并增加了交互性，能进行局部实时刷新。3.2架构软件（1）维护和升级方式简单。当前，软件系统的改进和升级越发频繁，B/S架构的产品明显体现着更为方便的特性。对一个稍微大一点单位来说，系统管理人员如果需要在几百甚至上千部电脑

11、之间来回奔跑，效率和工作量是可想而知的，但B/S架构的软件只需要管理服务器就行了，所有的客户端只是浏览器，根本不需要做任何的维护。无论用户的规模有多大，有多少分支机构都不会增加任何维护升级的工作量，所有的操作只需要针对服务器进行；如果是异地，只需要把服务器连接专网即可，实现远程维护、升级和共享。所以客户机越来越“瘦”，而服务器越来越“胖”是将来信息化发展的主流方向。今后，软件升级和维护会越来越容易，而使用起来会越来越简单，这对用户人力、物力、时间、费用的节省是显而易见的，惊人的。因此，维护和升级革命的方式是“瘦”客户机，“胖”服务器。（2）成本降低，选择更多。大家都知道windows在桌面电脑

12、上几乎一统天下，浏览器成为了标准配置，但在服务器操作系统上windows并不是处于绝对的统治地位。 当前的趋势是凡使用B/S架构的应用管理软件，只需安装在Linux服务器上即可，而且安全性高。所以服务器操作系统的选择是很多的，不管选用那种操作系统都可以让大部分人使用windows作为桌面操作系统电脑不受影响，这就使得最流行免费的Linux操作系统快速发展起来，Linux除了操作系统是免费的以外，连数据库也是免费的，这种选择非常盛行。比如说很多人每天上“新浪”网，只要安装了浏览器就可以了，并不需要了解“新浪”的服务器用的是什么操作系统，而事实上大部分网站确实没有使用windows操作系统，但用户

13、的电脑本身安装的大部分是windows操作系统。（3）应用服务器运行数据负荷较重。由于B/S架构管理软件只安装在服务器端（Server）上，网络管理人员只需要管理服务器就行了，用户界面主要事务逻辑在服务器（Server）端完全通过WWW浏览器实现，极少部分事务逻辑在前端（Browser）实现，所有的客户端只有浏览器，网络管理人员只需要做硬件维护。但是，应用服务器运行数据负荷较重，一旦发生服务器“崩溃”等问题，后果不堪设想。因此，许多单位都备有数据库存储服务器，以防万一。Introduction to Jsp, MySQL, and B/S mode.1 introduction of Jsp1

14、.1 what is Java Server Pages?JSP full name Java Server Pages is a dynamic web development technology. It USES JSP tags to insert Java code into HTML pages. Tags usually end with %.JSP is a Java servlet that is used primarily to implement the user interface portion of a Java web application. Web deve

15、lopers write JSPS by combining HTML code, XHTML code, XML elements, and embedded JSP operations and commands.The JSP gets the user input data, accesses the database, and other data sources through the web form, and then dynamically creates the web page.JSP tags have multiple functions, such as acces

16、s to a database, record user selection information, access to JavaBeans components, etc., and can also pass control information and share information on different web pages.1.2 why use JSP?JSP programs have similar functionality to CGI programs, but compared to CGI programs, JSP programs have the fo

17、llowing advantages:(1) performance is superior, because JSPS can embed elements directly in HTML pages without needing to reference CGI files separately.(2) the server calls a compiled JSP file, unlike CGI/Perl, which must first load the interpreter and target script.(3) JSP is based on the Java Ser

18、vlet API, so JSP has a variety of powerful enterprise Java apis, including JDBC, JNDI, EJB, JAXP, and so on.(4) JSP pages can be used with servlets that process business logic, supported by the Java Servlet template engine.Finally, JSP is an integral part of Java EE and a complete enterprise applica

19、tion platform. This means that JSPS can implement the most complex applications in the simplest possible way.1.3 advantages of JSPOther benefits of using JSP are listed below:(1) compared with ASP, JSP has two advantages. First, the dynamic part is written in Java rather than VB or other MS specific

20、 languages, so it is more powerful and easy to use. The second point is that the JSP is easily ported to a non-ms platform.(2) compared to pure servlets: JSPS can easily write or modify HTML pages without having to face a large number of println statements.(3) compared with SSI: the SSI cannot use f

21、orm data and cannot link to the database.(4) compared with JavaScript: although JavaScript can dynamically generated HTML on the client, but its hard to interact with the server, so you cant provide complex services, such as database access and image processing, and so on.(5) compared to static HTML

22、: static HTML does not contain dynamic information.2. Introduction of MySQLIntroduction: MySQL is the most popular open source SQL database management system, developed, released and supported by MySQL AB. MySQL AB is a commercial company founded by a number of MySQL developers. It is a second gener

23、ation open source company, combined with open source value orientation, methodology and successful business models.2.1.1MySQL is a database management system.A database is a structured collection of data. It can be anything from a simple shopping list to an art show, or a huge amount of information

24、in an enterprise network. To add data to a database, or to access and process data stored in a computer database, you need to use a database management system, such as a MySQL server. The computer is a ideal tool of dealing with the large amounts of data, as a result, the database management system

25、in the center of the computing plays a key role, or as a stand-alone utility, or as part of other applications.2.1.2MySQL is an associated database management system.Relational databases store data in different tables, rather than putting all the data in a large warehouse. This increases speed and i

26、mproves flexibility. MySQLs SQL refers to structured query language. SQL is the most common standardized language for accessing databases, which is defined by the ANSI/ISO SQL standard. SQL standards have been evolving since 1986, with several versions. In this manual, sql-92 refers to the standard

27、issued in 1992. SQL:1999 refers to the standard issued in 1999, and SQL:2003 refers to the current version of the standard. We use the term SQL standard to indicate the current version of the SQL standard.2.1.3MySQL software is an open source software.Open source means that anyone can use and change

28、 software. Anyone can download MySQL software from the Internet without paying any fees. If you want, you can study the source code and make appropriate changes to meet your own needs. MySQL software using the GPL (GNU general public license), http:/www.fsf.org/licenses/, and defines the under diffe

29、rent circumstances can be done with software and cannot be done.2.1.4MySQL database server has the characteristics of fast, reliable and easy to use.If its what youre looking for, try it. The MySQL server also has a set of useful features that are developed through close collaboration with our users

30、. On our benchmark home page, we gave a comparison of the MySQL server and other database managers.MySQL server was initially developed for dealing with large databases, compared with the existing solutions, it is faster, over the years, it has been successfully used in many demanding production env

31、ironment. Although MySQL is always evolving, the current MySQL server can provide rich and useful functionality. It has good connectivity, speed, and security, which makes MySQL very suitable for accessing databases on the Internet.2.1.5MySQL server works in client/server mode or embedded system.The

32、 MySQL database software is a client/server system, by various backend support a multi-threaded SQL server, several different client programs and libraries, many management tools and extensive application programming interface (API.We can also provide MySQL servers in the form of embedded multithrea

33、ded libraries, which you can link to your application to get smaller, faster, and more manageable products.2.2 what is MySql?A small relational database management system is now widely used in small web sites on Internate.What are the characteristics? Small volume, quick speed, low total cost of own

34、ership, open source, fast performance, optimization of SQL language, easy to use, multithreading and reliability, multi-user support, portability, and open source, comply with the international standard and international support, provide apis for a variety of programming languages2.3 shortcomingsXML

35、 data cannot be processed directly and no OLAP(real-time analysis system) function is available.3. Introduction of B/S mode.B/S structure (Browser/Server, Browser/Server mode) is a network structure mode after the rise of the WEB, and the WEB Browser is the main application software of the client. T

36、his pattern unifies the client and centralizes the core of the system functionality implementation to the server, simplifying the development, maintenance, and use of the system. On the client, just install a browser, such as Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer, and the Server installs SQL Serve

37、r, Oracle, MYSQL, and other databases. The browser interacts with the database through Web Server.3.1 main functionsThe biggest advantage of B/S is that it can be operated anywhere without installing any special software. As long as there is a computer that can access the Internet, it can be used, a

38、nd the client has zero installation and zero maintenance. The expansion of the system is very easy.B/S structure of the use of more and more, especially by the demand to promote the development of AJAX technology and its application can also be conducted on the client computer parts processing, thus

39、 greatly reduce the burden of the server; It also increases interactivity and can be refreshed locally and in real time.3.2 architecture software(1) simple maintenance and upgrading. At present, the improvement and upgrade of software system is more and more frequent, and the product of B/S architec

40、ture clearly shows more convenient features. For a slightly larger unit, the system management staff if you need to run back and forth between the hundreds, even thousands of computers, efficiency and the workload is predictable, but the B/S structure software just need the management server, all cl

41、ients just browser, dont need to do any maintenance. No matter how large the user is, how many branches will not increase the workload of any maintenance upgrade, all operations need to be done only for the server; If it is a remote location, you can only connect the server to the special network to

42、 achieve remote maintenance, upgrade and sharing. Therefore, the client is becoming thin, and the server is becoming more and more fat, which is the main direction of informationization development in the future. In the future, software upgrades and maintenance will become easier and easier to use,

43、and the savings on user manpower, material resources, time, and expenses are obvious and surprising. Therefore, the way to maintain and upgrade the revolution is thin client, fat server.(2) lower cost and more choice. Everyone knows that Windows is almost universal on desktop computers, and browsers

44、 are standard, but Windows is not absolute dominance on the server operating system. The current trend is to use the B/S architecture for application management software that is only installed on the Linux server and is highly secure. So the choice of the server operating system is a lot of, no matt

45、er which can make the majority of people using the Windows operating system as a desktop operating system the computer is not affected, making it the most popular free Linux operating system, quickly developing Linux in addition to the operating system is free, even the database is free, this choice

46、 is very popular.For example a lot of people sina on the net every day, just installed the browser, does not need to understand the sina whats in the server operating system, and in fact most of the web site does not use the Windows operating system, but the users computer is install most of the Win

47、dows operating system itself.(3) the application server runs the data load relatively heavy. Because only a B/S structure management software is installed on the Server (Server), network managers just need the management Server, the user interface main transaction logic on the Server (Server) side c

48、ompletely through the WWW Browser implementations, few transaction logic on the front end (Browser), all of the client only Browser, network managers only need to do the hardware maintenance. However, the application server runs a heavy load of data, and when the server crashes and other problems, the consequences are unimaginable. As a result, many units have database storage servers, just in case.