初中宾语从句及练习

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1、宾语从句专题口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；that不作任何成分，没有任何意义Ifwhether是否不作任何成分，有是否的意义连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which哪一个, whoever, whatever做主语，宾语，宾语，定语等，有意义连接副词where, when, how, why做状语，有意义主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。一、基本讲解1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, H

2、e said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)2.连接词(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder i

3、f /whether you have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether well go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether you go or not? c. if当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句

4、， 这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。E.g. Could you tell me whats the matterwrong with you?特殊情况：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词do you think陈述句语序。3.宾语从句时态a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）?b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例

5、如：I didnt know （if/whether he had seen the film.）注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：He said （that the earth moves round the sun.） The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.）4.、人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如： “May I u

6、se your knife？”He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone number.b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如： Who will give us a talk? I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk. Do you know？Where does he

7、live? Do you know where he lives?二、宾语从句的转化1. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词不定式结构”。例如：I

8、 dont know which sweater I should buy.I dont know which sweater to buy.3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如：Could you tell me how to get to the park?4. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动 词时，

9、从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如： She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.宾语从句专项习题1.Have you decided _for Australia?A. when will you leave B. when do you leave C. you will leave when D. when you will leave2.Can you tell me _ ?A.where do

10、es Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me _ . A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinema C. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema4.I think _ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how5.I didnt know _ he will come or not. A. t

11、hat B. whether C. weather D. how6.I wonder _ . A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes cost C. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost7.She asked me _ . A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is8.Ask him _. A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. t

12、his is whose cup D. whose is this cup9.I dont know _ . A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movie C. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill11.The weather forecas

13、t doesnt say _. A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrow C. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow12.Do you know _?A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to13.Could you tell me where _?A. the tape was B. was the tape C.

14、 the tape is D. is the tape14.They want to know _? A. where is the hospital B. how old are you C. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying15.Tony wanted to know _. A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking B. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking C. what Father Christmas had

15、 put in his stocking D. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not. A. when B. whether C. where D. if17.July didnt know_. A. where is Tims father B. when was the first watch made C. who the old man is D. wha

16、t was wrong with her watch18.No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do D. what should we do19.We dont know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do20.He asked me _.A. whether I find out

17、the sender of the money B. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the money21. Did you hear _? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say 22. Can you tell me _? A. which class you are in B. wh

18、ich class are you in C. you are in which class D. are you in which class 23. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - Certainly. A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station C. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station 24. Could you tell me where _ yesterday? A. did you

19、go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went 25. Tom asked me _. A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this was C. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was 26. Excuse me, could you tell me _? A. wheres the teachers office B. wheres the bus station C. whats she doing D. where the post office is 27. I w

20、ant to see Mrs. Wang , but I dont know _. A. she lives where B. she where lives C. where she lives D. where does she live 28. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I dont know _. A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where is he living D. he lives there 29. - Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives

21、 in a small town. where he lives B. who is singing C. when he will leave D. what he said 30. Have you decided _ for London? A. when will you leave B. when you will leave C. when are you going D. when you are going能力提高练习1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; Whether B

22、. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether hell come 3. Could you tell me _the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? how did

23、he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live7. Do you know what time _?A t

24、he train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I dont know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children dont know _. A. what is thei

25、r stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I cant understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 11. I dont know _ he will be back home. A. who B. what C. when D

26、. where12. Could you tell me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in13. Do you still remember _?that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say 14. I cant understand _the boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C.

27、 why she had left D. why had she left15. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen16. They tried to find out _ the new train _.how far/ had gone B. how long/ has gone C. how far/ went D. how far / had run17. The manager came up to see _.what was the matter B. what the

28、matter was C. what the matter is D. whats the matter18. Can you tell me _?what are you doing B. where do you study C. what you were doing D. what to do it19. He asked his father _.where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen 20.No one tells us_， so we need your help.how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it