Unit 10 说服性口译

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1、Unit 10 Interpreting Persuasive Speeches 说服性口译10-1 Acquiring a Second Culture 第二文化Vocabulary1、含义 signification/meaning2、价值观 values3、信仰 beliefs4、日常活动 daily activities5、从广义上说 in the broad sense 从狭义上说 in the narrow sense6、物质/精神文化 material/spiritual culture7、蕴蓄 implicit 内在的 反： explicit 外在的，直率的8、礼仪规范 eti

2、quette(礼节) patterns 9、言谈举止 言谈： the way one speaks 举止：deportment/behavior10、大相径庭 be vastly different from11、方兴未艾 sth is gathering momentum and is there to stay12、道家学说 Taorism13、挖掘文化内涵 tap/excavate/mine the cultural quintessence(精粹，精华)14、发挥纽带作用 play an important role as a linking in/between 典型句型1文化是指一

3、个民族的整体生活方式。这一简单定义的的含义使文化包括了这样一些内容，即一个民族的风俗、传统、社会习惯、价值观、信仰、语言、思维方式以及日常活动。Culture means the total way of life of a people. This simple definition implies that culture refers to the customs, traditions, social habits, values, beliefs, language, way of thinking and daily activities.典型句型2从广义上说，有两种文化，即物质文

4、化和精神文化。物质文化是具体的，可见的，而精神文化则比较蕴蓄、比较抽象。In the broad sense, there are two types of culture, that is, material culture and spiritual culture. Material culture is concrete and observable, while spiritual culture implicit and abstract.典型句型3因此，学生在上外语课时应该学习操目标语的民族那些恰当得体的礼仪规范，学习如何理解陌生的文化习俗，学习在与外族人交际时应有的言谈举止。A

5、nd therefore, in a foreign language course, students should learn the appropriate etiquette patterns expected of the people living in the country where the target language is spoken. Students should also learn how to interpret unfamiliar cultural conventions and how to act appropriately when communi

6、cating with the persons of the foreign culture.练习中国有着引以自豪的辉煌历史和美好的未来。我很高兴从过去曾是中国的古都，如今仍是中国的中心城市西安开始我的旅程。/China is blessed with both a profound history and a beautiful future. I am delighted to begin my journey in Xian, once the capital of China, still the heartland of China. 我期待着明天参观兵马俑和古城墙。我期待着去更多地

7、了解中国对人类知识积累所作出的巨大贡献，这些知识涉及医药，印刷，数字和天文领域。正是基于这些发现，整个世界才有了诸多的进步。Tomorrow，I am looking forward to visiting the Terracotta warriors and horses and the ancient city walls. I am also looking forward to learning more about Chinas great contributions to the store of human knowledge, from medicine and printi

8、ng to mathematics and astronomy-discoveries on which so much of the whole worlds progress is based.中国正逐渐崛起成为世界政治经济强国，是中华文化在美国日益风行的原因。/The gradually emergence of China as a potential world political and economic superpower is the reason that the Chinese culture is gaining increasingly popularity in t

9、he United States.中国的对外开放，也让许多美国人有机会亲身体验这个文明古国的风采。/Chinas reform and opening up has enabled an increasing number of Americans to travel there in order to experience at first hand and splendor of this age-old country with great civilization.此外，许多美国城市的繁荣华人社区，享有模范少数民族的美誉，更让美国人对这个和他们的文化大相径庭的古老文明产生浓厚的兴趣。/

10、Besides, the thriving Chinese communities in many American urban centers and their reputation as a model minority have aroused further their interests in this distant land, which is so vastly different from theirs.除了他们赞不绝口的中国菜肴外，有越来越多的美国人尝试针灸，草药和中华武术。他们也看功夫电影，学习东方时装潮流和手工艺。/Apart from their love affa

11、ir with Chinese cuisine, more American are turning to its acupuncture, herbal medicines, martial arts, gongfu films, fashions, art and craft.10-2 Environmental Protection 环境保护Vocabulary1、生态恶化 deterioration of eco-system deterioration 反：amelioration/improvement 改善/改进2、物种灭绝 the extinction of bio-speci

12、es3、臭氧层破坏 damage to the ozone layer ozone: 臭氧4、双重任务 dual task5、从国情出发 proceeding from its national conditions6、污水处理 sewage disposal 7、退耕还林/草 return cultivated land to forests/pastures8、行为准则 code of conduct9、森林覆盖率 forest acreage acreage: 英亩数，面积 10、自然保护区 Nature Reserves 11、覆行国际义务 to fulfill internation

13、al obligations12、任重而道远 there is a grand task to perform and a long way to go典型句型1过去10年，海平面升高和森林砍伐的速度都是前所未有的，生态恶化，物种灭绝，臭氧层被破坏，温室效应，酸雨，土地沙漠化等一系列环境问题已经严重影响到人类的生存环境和身体健康Sea level rose and forests were destroyed at an unprecedented rate during the last decade. A series of environmental problems，such as t

14、he deterioration of the ecosystem, the extinction of bio-species, damage to the ozone layer, the green-house effect, acid rain and desertification, have posed a serious threat to human living conditions and health.典型句型2中国作为一个发展中国家，面临着发展经济与保护环境的双重任务。从国情出发，中国在全面推进现代化的过程中，将环境保护视为一项基本国策，将实现经济持续发展视为一项重要战

15、略，同时在全国范围内开展污染防治工作和生态环境保护活动。As a developing country, China is confronted with the dual task of developing the economy and protecting the environment. Proceeding from its national conditions, China has, in the process of promoting its overall modernization program, made environmental protection one o

16、f its basic national policies, regarded the realization of sustained economic development as an important strategy and meanwhile, carried out throughout the country campaigns for pollution prevention and treatment as well as ecological environmental protection.典型句型3在人民中宣传环保知识，提高人们对环保道德与行为准则的认识，采取强有力

17、的措施促进环保工作的国际合作。Popularizing environmental protection knowledge among the people and raising their awareness of environmental ethics and code of conduct.典型句型4女士们，先生们，人类在解决环境与发展问题中仍面临着大量的难题，任重而道远。中国将一如既往，为保护我们的生存环境，为人类的幸福和繁荣，为造福下一代而奋斗。Ladies and gentlemen, mankind still faces a great many difficulties

18、 in solving the problems of the environment and development, and there is a grand task to perform and a long way to go. China will, as it did in the past, cooperate with other countries of the world and strive for the protection of the environment for human survival, for the happiness and prosperity

19、 of humanity, and for the benefits of our children.练习环境污染是指人们用各种方式污染周围环境的一个术语。/Environmental pollution is a term that refers to all the ways by which man pollutes his surroundings. /人们通过气体和烟雾来污染空气，用化学物质以及其他物质污染水源，还用大量的化肥和杀虫剂破化土壤。/Man dirties the air with gases and smoke, poisons the water with chemi

20、cals and other substances, and damages the soil with too many fertilizers and pesticides. /人们还通过其他方式污染着他们的环境。例如，总有人在地面上和水里扔垃圾，破害自然美。人们使用的一些机器和交通工具噪音很大。/Man also pollutes his surroundings in various ways. For example, people ruin natural beauty by scattering junk and litter on the land and in the wat

21、er. They operate machines and motor vehicles that fill the air with disturbing noise. /几乎每个人都在某种程度上对周围的环境造成了污染。环境污染是当今人们所面对的一个非常严重的问题。被严重污染的空气会引起疾病甚至死亡。/Nearly everyone causes pollution in some way. Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems facing mankind today, and badly polluted

22、air can cause illness, and even death./1992年联合国地球峰会以来，越来越多的人和政府接受了“可持续发展”的观念。/Since United Nations Earth Summit in 1992, more and more people and governments have adopted the idea of “sustainable development”./这一观念认为，现今的经济发展不能以子孙后代的资源和选择作为代价，规划和发展不仅仅要确保经济增长，还要保证社会进步和环境健康，这就是说一些经济行为必须受到制约。/This is th

23、e idea that todays economic growth should not be at the risk of the resources and options for future generations. Planning and development need to ensure not only economic growth, but also social advancement and environmental health, and this means that some economic behaviors must be restricted or

24、controlled./中国面临着很多严峻的环境问题：空气污染，水污染，沙漠化，过渡捕捞，对自然栖息地的破坏，酸雨，对野生动植物的过渡消费等等。所有这一切的背后都是经济增长和环境保护之间的矛盾。/There are many serious environmental problems in China: air pollution, water pollution, desertification, overfishing, destruction of natural habitats, acid rain, over-consumption of wild animals and pla

25、nts, etc. Behind them all, is the contradiction between economic growth and environmental protection./将可持续发展原则逐步融入到政府规划，资源管理和经济政策中去，这是中国解决环境问题所能够采取的最重要的一步。/Instilling principles of sustainable development into governmental planning, resources management and economic policy is the most important step

26、 China could take to solve its environmental problems. /10-3 Meeting the Challenge 迎接挑战Vocabulary1、转轨 change from-to-y2、人口老龄化 the aging of the population3、保健/退休/福利制度 the health care system/the retirement system the benefit/welfare system4、产业结构调整 industrial restructure5、全面建设小康社会 the overall construct

27、ion of a moderately developed society6、科教兴国战略 the strategy of developing the country through science and technology7、优先发展教育 give priority to the development of education 8、终身学习型社会 a society of life-long education 9、弘扬自强不息的精神 carry forward/greatly encourage the spirit of uneasing improvement 10、幼吾幼以及

28、人之幼 love our own children and love others老吾老，以及人之老；幼吾幼，以及人之幼 Caring for others elder relatives as if they were our own and caring for others children as if they were our own.11、世界经济一体化 economic globalization典型句型1我们正处在一个从工业化社会向服务和信息社会的转轨过程之中。We are in the process of changing from the industrial socie

29、ty to a service and information society.典型句型2服务性行业的增多，对高技术劳动力需求的不断增长，国际国内日益激烈的竞争压力，农村人口大量流入城市，这些对现阶段以及未来的就业，对全面提高生活水平的可能性，都构成了威胁。The growth of the service sector, the increasing demand for skilled workers, the pressure resulting from the intensifying competition at home and abroad, the problems resu

30、lting from the rural population migrating into cities, all pose a grave threat to the employment prospects at present and in the future, as well as to an overall improvement of the lives of the people.典型句型3中国社会中的拜金主义，对自我的日益关注及对公益事业的淡漠使中国的许多传统美德受到冲击。The phenomenon of money worship and obsession on ou

31、r society, a growing concern with self interests and neglect of public welfare exert negative impact on peoples attitude towards many Chinese traditional virtues.典型句型4中国的社会变更给社会带来了许多问题，同时也给人们带来了更多的机遇。在世界经济日趋一体化的今天，让我们迎接挑战，拥抱机遇，承担责任，共同建设更美好的明天。Social changes in China create problems for the society a

32、nd meanwhile more opportunities for the people. In the economic globalization today, let us meet challenges, embrace opportunities, shoulder responsibilities and work together to make tomorrow a better day.10-4 Practicing Martial Art for Your Health 习武健身Vocabulary1、武术宫 Martial Art Palace2、中国武协 the Chinese Wushu Association3、国际武联 International Wushu Federal 4、国际奥委会执委会 IOCs Executive Board meeting 5、扣人心弦 fabulous(惊人的，难以置信的) 6、武林高手professional martial artists浏览全文