新编计算机英语-电子教案.ppt

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1、Unit1MyComputer,SectionAComputeroverviewIntroductionHistory1.theanalyticalengine2.earlycomputers3.electroniccomputers4.integratedcircuitsIII.HardwareIV.ProgrammingV.Futuredevelopments,ProfessionaltermsNumericala.numericaldataManipulatev.manipulatinginformationTransactionn.bankingtransactionsAutomati

2、onn.techniquesofautomationEnhancev.enhancescommunicationsystemsConjecturen.newareasofconjectureDatabasen.databaseservicesPrivacyn.businessprivacy,Introduction,Notesdevicethatcan限定性定语从句，修饰device.限定性定语从句修饰前面的名词，使其有别于其他同类名词。这类从句对清楚了解所修饰名词的特征是必不可少的。Carryoutsth=carrysthout:todoandcompleteataskCouldnothav

3、edone:本不应该，本不可能Comeabout:tohappenExceptfor=except若不是Openup:todeveloporstarttohappenorexistInitself:consideredseparatelyfromotherthings,initstruenature.本身,Introduction,用于限定性关系从句的关系代词(没有what)主格宾格所有格指代人whowhom/whowhosethatthat指代物whichwhichwhose/ofwhichthatthat用于非限定性关系从句的关系代词(没有what)主格宾格所有格指代人whowhom/wh

4、owhose指代物whichwhichwhose/ofwhich,Introduction,NotesMake+宾语+available，make+宾语+possibleAvailable:(ofsth)thatyoucangetbuyorfindWhenwilltheinformationbemadeavailable?Furtherinformationisavailableonrequest.Thiswastheonlyroomavailable.Everyavailabledoctorwascalledtothescene.(ofaperson)freetoseeortalktopeo

5、ple:Willyoubeavailablethisafternoon?,Introduction,ProfessionaltermsPrecursorn.aprecursorofadigitalcomputerDigitn.adigitfrom0to9Loomn.automaticloomPerforateda.perforatedwoodenboardsConceivev.conceivetheideaPunchedcardElectricalcontactCpilestatisticalinformationCensusn.UnitedStatescensus,II.History,No

6、tesEmploy:(formal)usesthforaparticularpurposeeachtoothrepresenting现在分词代替从句，同时该分词有自己的主语。Improveon/uponsth:toachieveorproducesththatisofabetterqualitythansthelse.改进改良inprep.:foraparticularperiodoftimeIhaventseenhiminyears.Employingasystem现在分词代替从句，主语与主句中的主语相同。,II.History,ProfessionaltermsAnalyticala.th

7、eanalyticalengineDifferenceEnginethedifferenceengineInputstreamaninputstreamAnaloga.analogcomputersShaftn.rotatingshaftsApproximationn.numericalapproximationCputingsystemsTorpedon.torpedocoursepredictorsSubmarinen.insubmarinesBombsightn.bombsightcontrollers,II.History1.2.,NotesWorkout:toplanorthinko

8、fsthIhaveworkedoutanewwayofdoingit.Suchas:forexampleThegoodstudentssuchasZhengXinandSunMingarebecomingrare.machines,suchasthedifferenceengine,that中的that修饰前面的machines,suchas作为插入语Consider:considersb/sth(as)sthThisawardisconsidered(tobe)agreathonor.Heconsidershimselfanexpertonnetworking.,II.History1.2.

9、,NotesFailto:notsucceed,nottodo/反意managetoIfailedinmyattempttopersuadeher.Shefailedtogetintoartcollege.Hefailedtokeeptheappointment.Putsth.intopracticeshehasdeterminetoputhernewideasintopracticesBymeansofsth:(formal)withthehelpofsth:Theloadwasliftedbymeansofacrane.Bynomeans:notatallSheisbynomeansani

10、nexperienceteacher.,II.History1.2.,ProfessionaltermsIncorporatev.incorporated1500vacuumtubesVacuumtubeCrackv.CrackGermanradiomessagesEncipherv.encipheredintheEnigmacodePrototypen.aprototypeelectronicmachineOvershadown.beovershadowedIntegratorn.electronicnumericalintegratorPatentn.ENIACisgrantedapate

11、nt.Overturnv.beoverturned,II.History3.,ProfessionaltermsHungariana.Hungarian-AmericanmathematicianMemoryn.werestoredwithinamemoryPaper-tapereaderExecutionn.duringexecutionTranrsistorn.thetransistorincomputerAdventn.markedtheadventVersatilea.versatilelogicalelements,II.History3.,NotesInthelargelysucc

12、essfulattemptto:anactoftryingdosth,especiallysthdifficult.Twofactorieswereclosedinanattempttocutcosts.Independentlyofsb/sthThetwodepartmentsworkindependentlyofeachother.PatentApplyforpatent/obtainapatentonaninventionThedevicewasprotectedbypatent.Thisdevicewasgrantedapatent.,II.History3.,NotesBasedon

13、sth:ifonethingisbasedonanother,itusesitorisdevelopedfromit.Thereportisbasedonfiguresfromsixcities.Free.From./ofsth:notcontainingoraffectedbysthharmfulorunpleasant:FreefromdifficultyItwasseveralweeksbeforehewascompletelyfreeofpain.fat-freeyoghurt/tax-freeearnings/atrouble-freelife/dutyfree免税,II.Histo

14、ry3.,ProfessionaltermsintegratedcircuitIC集成电路Large-scaleintegratedcircuitLSI大规模集成电路Verylarge-scaleskeilintegratedcircuitVLSI超大规模集成电路*s后发音：t-d,k-g,p-b,stable,scale,springLogicalelementFabricatev.befabricatedonSiliconn.siliconsubstrate硅衬底Substraten.Microprocessorn.themicroprocessorMicrochipn.Etchv.bee

15、tchedintoBinarya.eightbinarydigitsBitn.bps网络传输数据的最小单位Byten.Bps文件存储的最小单位(1Byte=8bits)Datumn.Datapl.,II.History4.,ProfessionaltermsGraphicsn.agraphicssymbolDecimala.thedecimalnumberSwitcha.initsswitchesChipn.memory-chipInstructionsetOngoinga.Theongoingdevelopment,II.History4.,NotesResultinsth:tomakest

16、hhappenThecyclonehasresultedinmanythousandsofdeaths.CompareAtoB:toshoworstatethatsb/sthissimilartosb/sthelse.Theteachercomparedhisworktoyourwork.ofwhich介词+which的定语从句在科技英语中很常见,II.History4.,ProfessionaltermsConceptuallyad.ConceptuallysimilarMicrocomputern.amicrocomputerDesktopn.adesktoplaptopn.alaptop

17、Briefcasen.inabriefcasePalmtopn.apalmtopWorkstationn.aworkstationMinicomputern.aminicomputerMainframen.amainframeSupercomputern.asupercomputerBusn.abus,III.Hardware,NotesRegardlessofprep.:payingnoattentiontosth/sbTheclubwelcomesallnewmembersregardlessofage.Theycanbedividedintoseveralcategoriesontheb

18、asisofcostandperformance.Itisasystemcomposedoffivedistinctelements.Wateriscomposedofhydrogenandoxygen.England,ScotlandandWalescomposetheislandofGreatBritain.,III.Hardware,ProfessionaltermsDedicateda.dedicatedcomputersEmbedv.areembeddedincircuitryn.intheircircuitry,IV.Programming,NotesOnceconj.:assoo

19、nas/whenWedidntknowhowwewouldcopeoncethemoneyhadgone.Asconj:inthewayinwhichtheydidasIhadasked.shelostit,justasIsaidshewould.Awiderangeofthehoteloffersawiderangeoffacilitiesandservices.,IV.Programming,ProfessionaltermsMicrominiaturizationn.thetendismicrominiaturizationSuperconductivityn.theuseofsuper

20、conductivityArtificialintelligenceNeuraln.neuralnetworkMimicv.itmimicsthearchitectureArchitecturen.thearchitectureofthesystemNputernetworking,V.Futuredevelopments,NotesSpeedup:tomoveorhappenfaster;ormakesthmoveorhappenfasterThetrainsoonspeededup.Theyhavespeededupproductionofthenewcar.Merit:todosthtodeservepraise,attentionThecasedoesnotmeritfurtherinvestigation.,V.Futuredevelopments,