2020昌平高三英语试题期末

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1、昌平区2019-2020学年第一学期高三年级期末质量抽测英语笔试部分本试卷共10页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AYou are never too old to go after your dreams. Many people dont let age stop them. If they

2、want to do something, they just do it. For example, Gladys Burrill ran her first marathon at 86. She became famous when she 1 (finish) the Honolulu Marathon(檀香山马拉松). She was 92 then. Life is about change, so dont be afraid to take your 2 (one) step. It is easy after you do that. So, stop 3 (think) a

3、bout your dreams, and start doing something about them.BHow can horses find their way back from a strange environment? For most people, that would be impossible without a map. Horses have a special system in their brains, and it works just 4 GPS. It shows signs for trees and other objects in their h

4、ome areas. It also takes notes of new things in new areas. 5 horses keep their attention on those signs, they know which directions 6 (go). Who needs a self-driving car when you can have a horse? Youll always get home safe and sound.CWilliam Shakespeare was one of the famous English 7 (write). He mo

5、stly wrote plays and special poems. Those poems 8 (call) sonnets(十四行诗), and they have a unique pattern. Besides, they arent easy to write. That didnt stop scientists, though. One team just trained a computer to write poetry like Shakespeares. They entered nearly 3,000 sonnets into their machine. Tho

6、se included the 154 sonnets that Shakespeare created. After that, they used a special program. It emphasized the rules of poetry and made sure the machine followed 9 (they). Through AI, the computer is able to put out sonnets. They are so good that they 10 (fool) humans. Ordinary readers couldnt tel

7、l whether a person or a machine wrote them. That doesnt mean they are perfect, though.第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My neighbor Josie, a college professor, ran circles around women twenty years younger than her. For some reason, she took a(n) 11 to me

8、 and always chose to fit me into her days. She would call me to taste-test recipes, which was a 12 . Her garden was a testament(证明) to Josies green thumb. In some instances, I could not even 13 what was growing, but we had the freshest salads in the neighborhood all summer long!Early each morning, J

9、osie forced me to 14 her on her “daily constitutional”, as she liked to call it. I believe we were supposed to be walking, but it felt more like mini-sprints (running at full speed). I had my rules. If I couldnt talk or 15 , I would stop. I stopped every day at the end of our block. Josie would 16 a

10、 half hour later and make me breakfast as a 17 for making the attempt!Each night around sunset, Josie and I would touch our base on our porches(门廊) before retiring for the evening. We would 18 back and forth, exchanging worldviews. One evening, Josie was a “no-show.” I started over to her door when

11、I 19 the ambulance and saw her husband and children 20 outside. Josie had suffered a stroke(中风).When I next set eyes on her, she was leaning in a wheelchair. She looked smaller and older than I remembered, but her eyes were clear and her smile was 21 bright. Her speech was 22 , but her voice still h

12、ad the lift I loved.Josies world had changed overnight from travel destinations to the few rooms in her house. 23 its what she does with her surroundings that gives me pause and perspective.When Josie feels well enough to 24 , her husband brings her breakfast in bed. She calls it “dining out”. They

13、listen to soft music and light candles. On days when Josie has some 25 , her husband wheels her into the living room, and they watch old movies together. She calls it “date night.” When Josie is doing really well, her husband takes her for a(n) 26 outside in her wheelchair. She calls it “going on va

14、cation”. Despite the 27 that Josie is not expected to make a full recovery, she 28 to dine out, go to the movies and take lots of mini-vacations. She is grateful to smell a summer barbecue, to share a laugh with her favorite neighbor, and to be here for 29 day.I am 30 for her simple life lesson. Fin

15、d the positive, and youve found your reason to live.11. A. opinionB. feelingC. chanceD. liking 12. A. taskB. matterC. pleasureD. burden13. A. deliver B. identifyC. assessD. compare14. A. assist B. promoteC. inspireD. join 15. A. waveB. cheerC. jumpD. breathe 16. A. returnB. disappearC. stretchD. pra

16、ctise17. A. push B. rewardC. responseD. contribution18. A. skipB. chatC. thinkD. swing19. A. heard B. calledC. leftD. ignored20. A. dining B. escapingC. runningD. wandering21. A. stillB. everC. onceD. already22. A. deeperB. longerC. clearerD. slower 23. A. ForB. Or C. So D. But 24. A. eatB. speakC.

17、relaxD. sleep25. A. space B. strengthC. lessonsD. worries26. A. hikeB. examination C. walk D. meeting27. A. factB. faithC. planD. attempt28. A. rejectedB. continuesC. postponedD. paused29. A. eitherB. certainC. anotherD. neither30. A. helpful B. pitifulC. thankfulD. painful第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小

18、题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Changing Bit by BitA new contest challenges people to use micro:bit computers to solve problems. Could you use your computing skills to aid the fight against illegal animal hunting? How about tackling ocean pollution or monitoring animals u

19、nder threat of extinction? A new global challenge called Do Your Bit aims to get young people using their computing creativity to solve real-world problems. Its being run by a partnership involving the BBCs micro:bit computer, the technology company ARM and a campaign called Worlds Largest Lesson, a

20、nd its aimed at people aged 10 to 16. It kicks off on 16 September.The contest in 2019 is based on two Global Goals: to protect life on land and under the water. To take part, young people first choose a problem that affects them and their community, then design something involving the micro:bit com

21、puter that could help to tackle that problem.Participants need to write up to 500 words about the problem and their solution, as well as providing a photo of their drawn plans or a hex file of their prototype code(编码), plus any other photos and videos showing what theyve done.This is the second micr

22、o:bit Global Challenge to be held. In 2018, the contests winning designs included a homemade thief alarm, a classroom health monitor, a food-waste watcher and a device to remind people to sit up straight.The deadline for entering the challenge is 28 February 2020: the winners will be announced the f

23、ollowing month.Global Goals for a better worldThe Do Your Bit challenge is based on two of the 17 Global Goals agreed by world leaders in 2015, which were designed to lead to a better world by 2030. These goals include targets such as providing clean water and killing hunger for everyone in the worl

24、d. Goal 14 is about life below water: making sure humans take care of the oceans seas and other marine areas. Gal 15 is about life on land: a wide topic that ranges from protecting the planets forests and freshwater ecosystems to prevent the illegal hunting and selling of protected species.31. The m

25、ain purpose of BBCs involvement is to _.A. report for this contest B. call for ocean protectionC. introduce the Global GoalsD. promote micro:bit computers32. The Do Your Bit in 2019 is based on the theme of_.A. getting rid of hunger B. providing clean water C. taking care of children D. protecting l

26、ife on the earth33. To take part in the contest, contestants need _.A. buy micro:bit computers B. sign up for it before 16 September 2020 C. choose a real problem and offer solutionsD. prepare photos and videos of group membersBTherapy(治疗) Appointment“You want out again, Marmalade? You were just out

27、. What, not the back door, you want out the front?” I was very surprised that our beautiful cat wanted out again.Several days later, I realized that almost every day she had been asking to be let out at 1: 00 p.m. and always wanted the front door instead of the back door she normally used to go to t

28、he yard. I hadnt been paying much attention, but I realized this had been going on for a while, and I had no idea why. Therefore, the next time it happened, I watched out the front room window to see what Marmalade was doing every day.Marm went down the front stairs and out to the city sidewalk then

29、 just sat there. About three minutes later, she flopped(跳) down and rolled over so her belly(肚子) was showing.This is unusual. She never does that unless she wants to be pettedbut there is no one there. Waiton the sidewalk just crossing a block down from our house was a group of about fifteen young a

30、dults from the nearby group home for young adults with Down syndrome(唐氏综合症). They were out for a walk.As they approached, I could hear, “Theres the kitty, theres the kitty,” coming from their mouths. When they were close enough to touch Marm, she lay quietly while each person took a turn petting her

31、. This took quite a while, and obviously these teens were very comfortable petting her. When everyone had given Marm a petting, she turned over, stood up and gave herself a shake, then walked back up the sidewalk to the front door to be let in. It had been a breathtaking experience to see. The next

32、day, at the same time, I watched it happen again.After a few more days of this, I wondered how long this had been lasting, so I went out and asked the adults. What I was told was both interesting and humbling. Our wonderful cat had been doing this every weekday for months, and these young adults tho

33、ught it was the highlight of the walk to be able to have a chance to pet her. How had she come to understand that these young people would enjoy petting her and could trust them? How could she comfort people when they felt sad, and how would she lick away the tears until she had made them feel bette

34、r? 34. Marms owner was puzzled because Marm always _. A. desired to the front yard B. went out from the front door C. rolled over to show her belly D. wanted out from the window35. Marm flopped down and rolled over on the sidewalk to _. A. play with other cats B. make the teens pet her C. wait for p

35、assers-by to feed her D. have a rest and enjoy the sunshine36. What does the writer think of Marm? A. Loving and caring. B. Funny and helpful. C. Mysterious and weird. D. Vulnerable and puzzling.37. What can we learn from Marms story?A. No one can be neglected.B. Cats can understand each other.C. Pe

36、ople need give pets more petting.D. Animals can believe and support human. C Traditionally, the more people in a city, the fewer trees there are. To create space for houses, offices and other buildings, nature takes second place. But, if the architect Stefano Boeri has anything to do with it, this w

37、ill soon be changing. Boeri has designed a forest city, to be created in the north of Liuzhou in Guangxi region in southern China. This mountainous area was chosen to be “a city where living nature is totally intertwined with architecture.” According to Boeri, instead of completely getting rid of th

38、e trees to build houses, the citys design considers the surrounding greenery. Homes and commercial buildings will be covered with trees, with gardens on the balconies(阳台) of every floor, and rooftops that are home to miniature forests. “I have been working on the idea of urban forestation for years,

39、” says Boeri. “In those areas of the planet where it is still necessary to build new cities, we are planning real forest cities for a maximum of 150,000 citizens.” The Liuzhou Forest City will be connected to central Liuzhou via a railway line and a road. It will be home to 30,000 people, and includ

40、e commercial and recreational spaces, two schools and a hospital. On top of this, the vegetation will absorb carbon dioxide and pollutants, as well as releasing oxygen into the atmosphere. Development is well underway for the forest city. “Our masterpiece for a forest city in Liuzhou has been approv

41、ed by the local government,” says Boeri. Now, the government is starting the process of selling land to interested developers. “The current phase is still ongoing for land selling,” says Boeri. Building is expected to begin in 2020. At the same time, the firm has copied the concept in Lishui, a city

42、 in the southeast of China. The masterpiece has also been given the thumbs-up by local governments here, and the developer is collecting funds to launch the project. If the Chinese cities prove successful, Boeri hopes that the idea will take hold across the world. “We are developing the same concept

43、 in other places with different climate conditions, such as Mexico and north Africa,” he says. And there is science behind the idea of planting trees to halt climate change. A study earlier this year by scientists at ETH Zurich found that planting at least a trillion trees around the world could loc

44、k up 205 billion tonnes of carbon, once the trees are mature, helping to offset the effects of releasing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. 38. According to the passage, Boeri holds the belief that _.A. a city can be built in harmony with nature B. climate change results from the city development

45、 C. the building of a city may cost the damage of nature D. we should stop building new cities to protect nature 39. What can we infer from the cities designed by Boeri? A. Houses would be built in a huge forest. B. Citizens will live in inconvenient areas. C. Cities can be transformed to forest cit

46、ies. D. The idea will be tried out soon worldwide.40. What is the attitude of the Lishui government on Boeris concept? A. Supportive.B. Neutral.C. Unclear.D. Critical.41. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ A. Where the Problem of Pollution Is Rooted B. How Forest Cities

47、Are Affecting the World C. Can Forest Cities Help to Clean Up Pollution D. Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Pollution D The first science project I ever did was in fifth grade with my partner, Delaney. We looked online together for ideas and came up with an experiment to slide glass balls down a s

48、lope covered with different-textured materials. Our project was torn to pieces by our teacher. Our procedure wasnt thorough. She told us we should consider waiting another year to enter the science fair. I felt so discouraged.That night, I folded up our poster and started thinking about all of the t

49、hings I could do differently the next year. I wanted to find a topic I cared about, one that interested me. As a beginner of the piano, I was curious about how the piano I practiced on for five hours every week could make the sounds that it did. I learned about something called “sympathetic resonanc

50、e,” a phenomenon that allows string to vibrate(振动) together when played. I built my next project around this and ended up getting first place at the science fair the following year. Today, I am 22 years old, a climate scientist. In the decade since I did my very first science project, I have wondere

51、d a lot about what it takes to be a good scientist. To me, what makes a truly good scientist is what makes a good person.A good scientist has patiencepatience for others, patience for herself or himself, and patience when things go wrong. A few years ago, I had the opportunity to work on a NASA aste

52、roid-sample retrieval mission called OSIRIS-Rex. The spacecraft launched in September 2016, headed to the asteroid Bennu. Late last year, finally, it reached its destination. In four years, OSIRIS-Rex will bring a piece of the asteroid back to earth so that scientists can learn more about it. Scient

53、ific discoveries do not take place overnight, and many are small and gradual. Missions like the one I worked on often take years to complete. Success almost never comes quickly or easily. A good scientist is open-minded. It can be easy to ignore people you disagree with or to assume the worst about

54、them. But we should be open to ideas that are not what we expected when we set out. We should take the time to consider other peoples opinions, even when they conflict with our own. There is so much we dont know, but we do know some things. We live in a world where knowledge and uncertainty can and

55、do coexist. As scientists, we should have both confidence in ourselves and humility as we move through our lives.Of course, good scientists are driven by curiosity. But curiosity does not have to be limited to science. When we are curious about other people, we can become more considerate. When we a

56、re curious about other perspectives, we can become more understanding. After all, it costs nothing to be kind to someoneat school, at the grocery store, with your friends, with your family. A kind gesture can make someones day, even save someones life. You never know what people are going through un

57、less you take the time to find out. Curiosity is not and never will be something to be ashamed of. Curiosity is our superpower. But its also what makes us human. All we have to do is ask.42. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A. The daily life of a scientist. B. The procedures of choosi

58、ng a project. C. The personal experience of a scientist. D. The achievements a scientist ever made.43. What does the underlined word “humility” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Being modest. B. Being cautious.C. Being sceptical.D. Being ambitious.44. What can we learn from the passage? A. Curiosity

59、kills the cat. B. Practice makes perfect. C. Whenonedoorshuts,anotheropens. D. Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.45. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To evaluate the effect of a science project. B. To analyze the personalities of a scientist. C. To explain the consequence of an ex

60、periment. D. To compare some approaches to be a scientist.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Why are some people successful and others arent? Whats the secret of success? 46 Many of Gladwells ideas appear in his social psychology bestseller Outliers. 47 Gladwell thinks th

61、at this is just an excuse for not trying and if you really want to be good at something, you have to work at it. “Practice isnt the thing you do once youre good,” Gladwell writes. “Its the thing you do that makes you good.”Central to the book is the “10,000-hour rule”. It means that if you want to b

62、e among the best in the world, you need to practise something for 10,000 hours. 48 For example, the Beatles played live in Hamburg more than 1,200 times between 1960 and 1964, which is more than 10,000 hours of playing time. And when Microsoft chairman Bill Gates was 13, he was given access to a hig

63、h school computer (one of the few available in the country), allowing him to practise computer programming for more than (Yes, you guessed it!) 10, 000 hours. 49 Take the example of Christopher Langan, whos mentioned in the book. Hes got an IQ of between 195 and 210 (Albert Einsteins IQ was estimated to have been between 160 and 180). As a boy at school, Langan was able to take an exam in a foreign language hed never studied and pass it after just skim-reading a text book for three minutes.