vivi和内核分区的一致性

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1、vivi和内核分区的一致性（vivi引导失败）linux技术2009-10-16 13:39:41阅读260评论0 字号：大中小订阅自己在内核移植过程中，忽然想到了引导程序中的分区和内核中分区信息应该一致才对。所以寻求一个解决方案。本处找了一些案例来作为参考。分为两部分，前一部分引用了一个移植，来知道一致性处理。后一部分是一致性的必要性证实，因为他处理中出错了黑色部分为第一部分，源自于：参考嵌入式Linux应用开发完全手册移植了 UBOOT1.1.6和内核Linux2.6.22由于我用的是阿南的AN2410SSB，没有norflash，只能把uboot烧进nand。刚开始不能saveenv保存

2、环境变量，因为原始版本是保存在nor的，在打了补丁后问题解决，可以把环境变量保存在nand上了，但是修改部分的代码还有待研究。接着配置编译内核，通过tftp下载到sdram执行，打印如下的错误信息：usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choicehub 1-0:1.0: USB hub foundhub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detectedInitializing USB Mass Storage driver.hub 1-0:1.0:Cannot enableport 1.Maybe theUSB cable is bad?hub

3、1-0:1.0:Cannot enableport 1.Maybe theUSB cable is bad?hub 1-0:1.0:Cannot enableport 1.Maybe theUSB cable is bad?hub 1-0:1.0:Cannot enableport 1.Maybe theUSB cable is bad?hub 1-0:1.0:Cannot enableport 2.Maybe theUSB cable is bad?hub 1-0:1.0:Cannot enableport 2.Maybe theUSB cable is bad?hub 1-0:1.0:Ca

4、nnot enableport 2.Maybe theUSB cable is bad?hub 1-0:1.0:Cannot enableport 2.Maybe theUSB cable is bad?hub 1-0:1.0:Cannot enableport 1.Maybe theUSB cable is bad?hub 1-0:1.0:Cannot enableport 1.Maybe theUSB cable is bad?并且不断重复，我想应该是板子没有把USB设备引出的缘故，暂时不管，应该不会影响到后面文件系统的移植。但是还有一个问题，就是nand的分区问题，内核把nand分成了三

5、个区：kernel ； jffs2； yaffs，打印信息如下：NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0x76 (Samsung NAND 64M iB 3,3V 8-bit)Scanning device for bad blocksBad eraseblock 3917 at 0x03d34000Creating 3 MTD partitions on NAND 64M iB 3,3V 8-bit:0x00000000-0x00200000 : kernel0x00200000-0x00a00000 : jffs20x00a00000-0

6、x04000000 : yaffs有坏块，没办法有点郁闷。该内核没有给在nand上给uboot留一个分区。因为他针对的是有nor的班子，没办法，要自己在0地址多加一个uboot分区用来保存uboot。网上有的说bios分区要和内核分区一致，有的则说不要紧，至此没搞清楚。目标：mtdblock0 0x000000000x0100000 1Mubootmtdblock1 0x001000000x0600000 5Mkernelmtdblock2 0x006000000x1E00000 24Mrootmtdblock3 0x01E000000x04000000 34M user具体实现如下：首先修改

7、BIOS里面的分区，在nand.cstatic struct Partition NandPart=(0,0x0100000, uboot,(0x00100000, 0x0600000, kernel,(0x00600000, 0x1E00000, root,(0x01E00000, 0x04000000, user,；再修改linux内核中的分区信息linux-2.6.22在driver/mtd/nand中s3c2410_nand.c中修改分区信息应该与BIOS中的分区信息相对照.#define NUM_PARTITIONS 4 /nand 的分区数目#define KERNEL_SIZE

8、SZ_1M*5 /内核分区空间大小#define ROOT_SIZE SZ_1M*24 /根文件系统分区大小#define USER_SIZE SZ_1M*34 /用户空间分区大小static struct mtd_partition partition_info = ( .name = U-boot,.offset = 0,.size = UBOOT_SIZE, .name = linux 2.6.16 kernel,.offset = UBOOT_SIZE,.size = KERNEL_SIZE, .name = root,.offset = UBOOT_SIZE+KERNEL_SIZE,

9、.size = ROOT_SIZE, .name = user,.offset = UBOOT_SIZE+KERNEL_SIZE+ROOT_SIZE,.size = USER_SIZE;这样就完成了。重新编译下载内核，OK一下是第二部分，从错误中修改出来源自：vivi bootCopy linux kernel from 0x00040000 to 0x30008000, size = 0x001c0000 . donezImage magic = 0x016f2818Setup linux parameters at 0x30000100linux command line is: noin

10、itrd root=/dev/mtdblock/2 console=ttySAC0,115200mac=00:01:5d:68:7a:0fMACH_TYPE = 193NOW, Booting Linuxdone, booting theUncompressing Linuxkernel.找到原因了:内核分区表和VIVI分区表不一致吃完饭继续!内核里面的MTD分区表static struct mtd_partition yc2410_nand_part = (0 = .name = vivi,.size = 0x00020000,#128K.offset = 0,1 = .name = par

11、am,.offset = 0x00020000,.size = 0x00010000,#64K,2 = .name = kernel,.offset = 0x00030000,.size = 0x002D0000,#2M+832K,3 = .name = root,.offset = 0x00300000,.size = 0x00C10000,#12M+64K,4 = .name = usr,.offset = 0x00F10000,.size = 0x030EC000,#48M+944k,;VIVI定义的分区表：mtdpart info. (4 partitions)name offset

12、size flagvivi : 0x00000000 0x000200000 128kparam : 0x00020000 0x000100000 64kkernel : 0x00040000 0x001c00000 1M+768kroot : 0x00200000 0x03cf8000 16 60M+992k=2008.8.24=早上重新配置和编译了一次内核修改了下面两个地方1. 内核的Default kernel command stringnoinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 console=ttySAC0,115200 init=/linuxrc我顺便把EABI也选

13、上了(因为觉得这样要好些)2. VIVI 的noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0以下是引导信息！Linux version 2.6.22.1 (rootlocalhost.localdomain) (gcc version 4.2.1) #73 Sun Aug 24 14:45:00CST 2008CPU: ARM920T 41129200 revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=c0007177Machine: SMDK2410ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; please updat

14、e your bootloader.Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writebackCPU S3C2410A (id 0x32410002)S3C2410: core 200.000 MHz, memory 100.000 MHz, peripheral 50.000 MHzS3C24XX Clocks, (c) 2004 Simtec ElectronicsCLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL onCPU0: D VIVT write-back cacheCPU0: I cache

15、: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 setsCPU0: D cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 setsBuilt 1 zonelists. Total pages: 16256Kernel command line: noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0irq: clearing subpending status 00000007irq: clearing subpendin

16、g status 00000002PID hash table entries: 256 (order: 8, 1024 bytes)timer tcon=00500000, tcnt a2c1, tcfg 00000200,00000000, usec 00001eb8Console: colour dummy device 80x30Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)Memory: 6

17、4MB = 64MB totalMemory: 61696KB available (2752K code, 311K data, 132K init)Mount-cache hash table entries: 512CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: okNET: Registered protocol family 16S3C2410 Power Management, (c) 2004 Simtec ElectronicsS3C2410: Initialising architectureS3C24XX DMA Driver, (c) 2003-

18、2004,2006 Simtec ElectronicsDMA channel 0 at c4800000, irq 33DMA channel 1 at c4800040, irq 34DMA channel 2 at c4800080, irq 35DMA channel 3 at c48000c0, irq 36usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfsusbcore: registered new interface driver hubusbcore: registered new device driver usbNET: Regi

19、stered protocol family 2IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)TCP bind hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048)TCP reno registeredNetWinder Floating

20、Point Emulator V0.97 (double precision)JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND)漏 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.io scheduler noop registeredio scheduler anticipatory registered (default)io scheduler deadline registeredio scheduler cfq registereds3c2410-lcd s3c2410-lcd: no platform data for lcd, cannot attachs3c2410-lcd: p

21、robe of s3c2410-lcd failed with error -22lp: driver loaded but no devices foundppdev: user-space parallel port driverS3C2410 Watchdog Timer, (c) 2004 Simtec ElectronicsSerial: 8250/16550 driver $Revision: 1.90 $ 4 ports, IRQ sharing enableds3c2410-uart.0: s3c2410_serial0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq = 70

22、) is a S3C2410s3c2410-uart.1: s3c2410_serial1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq = 73) is a S3C2410s3c2410-uart.2: s3c2410_serial2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 76) is a S3C2410RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksizeloop: module loadeddm9000 Ethernet DriverUniform Multi-Platform E-IDE

23、 driver Revision: 7.00alpha2ide: Assuming 50MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xxBAST NOR-Flash Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec ElectronicsS3C24XX NAND Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronicss3c2410-nand s3c2410-nand: Tacls=3, 30ns Twrph0=7 70ns, Twrph1=3 30nsNAND device: Manufacturer ID:

24、0xec, Chip ID: 0x76 (Samsung NAND 64MiB 3,3V 8-bit)NAND_ECC_NONE selected by board driver. This is not recommended !Scanning device for bad blocksBad eraseblock 2372 at 0x02510000Creating 8 MTD partitions on NAND 64MiB 3,3V 8-bit:0x00000000-0x00004000 : Boot Agent0x00000000-0x00200000 : S3C2410 flas

25、h partition 10x00400000-0x00800000 : S3C2410 flash partition 20x00800000-0x00a00000 : S3C2410 flash partition 30x00a00000-0x00e00000 : S3C2410 flash partition 40x00e00000-0x01800000 : S3C2410 flash partition 50x01800000-0x03000000 : S3C2410 flash partition 60x03000000-0x04000000 : S3C2410 flash part

26、ition 7usbmon: debugfs is not availables3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: S3C24XX OHCIs3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 42, io mem 0x49000000usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choicehub 1-0:1.0: USB hub foundhub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports dete

27、ctedmice: PS/2 mouse device common for all miceS3C24XX RTC, (c) 2004,2006 Simtec Electronicss3c2410-i2c s3c2410-i2c: slave address 0x10s3c2410-i2c s3c2410-i2c: bus frequency set to 390 KHzs3c2410-i2c s3c2410-i2c: i2c-0: S3C I2C adapterTCP cubic registeredNET: Registered protocol family 1drivers/rtc/

28、hctosys.c: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)List of all partitions:1f0016 mtdblock0 (driver?)1f012048 mtdblock1 (driver?)1f024096 mtdblock2 (driver?)1f032048 mtdblock3 (driver?)1f044096 mtdblock4 (driver?)1f0510240 mtdblock5 (driver?)1f0624576 mtdblock6 (driver?)1f0716384 mtdblock7 (driver?)No filesystem could mount root, tried: ext3 ext2 cramfs msdos vfat romfsKernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(31,3)