陕西省咸阳市2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题含解析

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1、陕西省咸阳市2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）注意事项：1. 本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟；2. 答卷前，考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号；3. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰；4. 考试结束，监考员将试题卷、答题卡一并收回。第一部分：听力：（共两节，满分30分）第一节 (共5小题，每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小

2、题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the woman doing now?A. Having a meeting. B. Watching TV. C. Having a meal.2. Which city did the man visit before?A. Shanghai. B. Beijing. C. Hangzhou.3. What does the boy want to be?A. A scientist. B. A musician. C. A doctor.4. What did the woman think of the film?A. Int

3、eresting. B. Moving. C. Boring.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Policeman and driver. B. Teacher and student. C. Customer and salesman.第二节（共15小题，每小题1. 5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6

4、段材料，回答第6、7题。6 How will they go to the countryside?A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train7. What is Alices favorite thing in the countryside?A. To go fishing. B. To pick up some strawberries. C. To feed chickens.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Whats wrong with the woman?A. She has a cough. B. She has a toothache. C. S

5、he has a headache.9. How long has the woman had the problem?A. For two weeks. B. For two days. C. For two months.10. When will the two speakers meet?A. At 9 tomorrow morning. B. At 6 tomorrow afternoon. C. At 8 tomorrow morning.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. Why is the woman talking to the man?A. She wants to

6、 choose a good sport.B. She cant find the way to a gym.C. She wants to join a gym.12. What does the man like best?A. Weight-lifting. B. Swimming. C. Dancing.13. What does the man suggest the woman do in the end?A. Meet him tomorrow. B. Bring her sports shoes. C. Wait for his call.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14

7、. Where are the speakers?A. In a hotel. B. In a restaurant. C. On a plane.15. What kind of coffee does the man want?A. Coffee with sugar. B. Coffee with cream. C. Quite black coffee.16. How much does the man pay?A. $9. B. $ 6. C. $15.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Who founded the British Museum?A. Sir Hans S

8、loane. B. King George II. C. The UK government.18. What can we learn about the museum?A. It has a collection of British art B. It isnt free. C. It has global collections.19. Where can you see the Easter Island Statue?A. In Room 14. B. In Room 24. C. In Room 40.20. Who is Neil?A. A program host. B. A

9、 singer. C. A waiter.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节；满分40分）第一节 （共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACentral ParkExplore Central Park, one of the largest city parks in the world and one of the most famous symbols of New York. Lets have a look at its main sights. Central Park is New York

10、s largest city park and one of the biggest in the world, with an area of 843 acres. This park is home to man-made lakes, waterfalls, grass and wooded areas. You will also find the Central Park Zoo, among other attractions in this greenspace of New York.Besides being the citys primary green lungs, Ce

11、ntral Park is also a favorite spot for many New Yorkers. It is perfect for sunbathing, going for walks, or doing any outdoor sports. Something that we found curious is seeing so many people running with their babies in prams (婴儿车).On Foot or by BicycleTo get to know some of the wildest parts of Cent

12、ral Park we suggest walking. However, to get a general feel for the whole park, the best thing to do is to hire a bicycle and enjoy the scenery. If you decide to hire a bike, you will find lots of “bike rental” stores around Central Park that are not very expensive.Open TimeFrom 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. on

13、 weekends.From 6 a.m. to 8:30 p.m. on weekdays. 307PriceEntry to the Park is free. But if you visit some parts like Central Park Zoo, you need to buy a ticket.TransportSubway: Line 5, 6, 7, A, B, C and D.Bus: Line M1, M2, M3, M4 and M10.Nearby placesMetropolitan Museum of Art (447 m)Guggenheim Museu

14、m (564 m)American Museum of Natural History (688 m)Whitney Museum of American Art (1 km)The Frick Collection (1.3 km)1. What can we learn about the Central Park from the text?A. It is home to lakes and waterfalls.B. It is perfect for doing outdoor sports.C. It is the largest forest park in the world

15、.D. It is the most famous symbol of America.2. Which one of the following things is free?A. Hiring a bicycle.B. Entrance to Central Park.C. Visiting Central Park Zoo.D. Going to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.3. Where can we find this text?A. In a science report.B. In a story book.C. In a fashion ma

16、gazine.D. In a travel guide.【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D【解析】这是一篇应用文。本文对纽约的中央公园做了介绍，同时提到了其开放时间、抵达方式、价格和其附近的地点。【1题详解】细节理解题。结合文章的第二段第二句：This park is home to man-made lakes, waterfalls, grass and wooded areas.（这个公园里有人工湖、瀑布、草地和树林）可知，选项A是把概念广义化了；第三段第二句：It is perfect for sunbathing, going for walks, or doing any out

17、door sports.（它非常适合做日光浴、散步或任何户外运动）可得出，选项B和文意一致；结合第二段第一句：Central Park is New Yorks largest city park and one of the biggest in the world, with an area of 843 acres (about 3.4km2).（中央公园是纽约最大的城市公园，也是世界上最大的城市公园之一，占地843英亩）可看出选项C不符合文章意义。由第一段第一句：Explore Central Park, one of the largest city parks in the wor

18、ld and one of the most famous symbols of New York.（探索中央公园，世界上最大的城市公园之一，也是纽约最著名的标志之一。）可知，中央公园是纽约最著名的标志之一。所以，选项D错误。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据题干关键词：free，定位文章第七段第一句：Entry to the Park is free.（进入公园是免费的）即可看出，选项B为正确答案。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。结合文章的大意，是介绍了纽约的中央公园和其相关的细节，所以，可以得出其来自旅行指南。选项A：科学报告；选项B：故事书；选项C：时尚杂志；选项D：旅行指南。故选

19、D项。BFlorence Nightingale was born in a rich family. When she was young, she took lessons in music and drawing, and read great books. She also traveled a great deal with her mother and father.As a child, she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure. She enjoyed helping them. At l

20、ast, her mind was made up. “Im going to be a nurse,” she decided. “Nursing isnt the right work for a lady,” her father told her“Then I will make it so,” she smiled. And she went to learn nursing in Germany and France. When she returned to England, Florence started a nursing home for women.During the

21、 Crimean War in 1854, she went with a group of thirty-eight nurses to the front hospitals. What they saw there was terrible. Dirt and death were everywhere to be seen and smelled. The officer there did not want any woman to tell him how to run a hospital, either. But the brave nurses went to work.Fl

22、orence used her own money and some from friends to buy clothes, beds, medicines and food for the men. Her only pay was the smiles from the lips of dying soldiers. But they were more than enough for this kind woman.After war, she returned to England and was honored for her services by Queen Victoria.

23、 But Florence said that her work had just begun. She raised money to build the Nightingale Home for Nurses in London.She also wrote a book on public health, which was printed in several countries. Florence Nightingale died at the age of ninety, still trying to serve others through her work as a nurs

24、e. Indeed, it is because of her that we honour nurses today.4. When she was a child, Florence _.A. loved to help the sick peopleB. knew what her duty in life wasC. wrote a book on public healthD. was most interested in music and drawing5. What made Florence determined to become a nurse?A. Her father

25、s support.B. Her desire to help the sick.C. Her education in Germany and France.D. Her knowledge from reading great books.6. During the Crimean War in 1854, Florence served in the front hospital where _.A. she earned a lot of moneyB. work was very difficultC. few soldiers died because of her workD.

26、she didnt have enough food and clothes7. Why was Florence honored by Queen Victoria?A. Because she built the Nightingale Home for Nurses. :B. Because of her old age.C. Because she worked as a nurse all her life.D. Because she did a great deal of work during the Crimean-War.【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. D【解析

27、】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名护士Florence Nightingale的一生。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据短文第二段“As a child, she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure. She enjoyed helping them.”当她是一个孩子时，她觉得看望病人既是一种责任也是一种乐趣。她喜欢帮助他们。可知，她小时候很喜欢帮助生病的人。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As a child, she felt that visiting sick people was

28、 both a duty and a pleasure. She enjoyed helping them. At last, her mind was made up. “Im going to be a nurse,” she decided.”当她是一个孩子时，她觉得看望病人既是一种责任也是一种乐趣。她喜欢帮助他们。最后，她下定了决心。她决定“我要当一名护士”。可知，她想帮助病人的愿望使Florence Nightingale决定成为一名护士。故选B项。【6题详解】.细节理解题。根据第四段“What they saw there was terrible. Dirt and death

29、were everywhere to be seen and smelled.”她们在那里看到的东西是可怕的。到处都是污垢和死亡的气息。可知，1854年克里米亚战争期间，Florence Nightingale在前线医院工作，那里的工作条件非常艰苦。故选B项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“After war, she returned to England and was honored for her services by Queen Victoria.”战后，她回到了英国，维多利亚女王对她的贡献表示了敬意。由此可知，因为她在克里米亚战争期间做了大量的工作，所以得到女王的赞赏。故

30、选D项。【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。多数情况下，作者不会明确的呈现一个事实，读者需要根据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特别注意文章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系。例如，第3题，根据第四段“What they saw there was terrible. Dirt and death were everywhere to be seen and smelled.”她们在那里看到的东西是可怕的。到处都是污垢和死亡的气息。可知，在医院的工作条件非常艰苦，故

31、选B项。CHow many calories are there in every meal you eat? That seems like a difficult question to answer. But students at Aitkin High School in the United States can easily answer it now. They put what they eat into an online calorie counter（计算器）. It quickly measures the amount of calories in their me

32、als.In fact, this is part of the schools health class. It includes heart health, nutrition and fitness. Students can learn basic knowledge about fats, proteins, calories and sugar.Students learn how to balance calories in and out. They will know what happens when the balance isnt there. “The online

33、calorie counter has turned out to be a cool tool to help you make healthy choices. Making one healthy eating decision can really make a difference.” Adam Carlson, the teacher in charge, told local newspaper Aitkin Independent Age.They also discus good ways to burn calories in the gym. According to C

34、arlson, the gym is a great place to burn calories and get stronger. But it doesnt work for everyone. So they try to find different workout tips. “Im trying hard to teach the students that working out can be fun, challenging, and doesnt need to take hours out of the day,” she said.The class has indee

35、d changed students. “I am now watching what I am eating and pay attention to the food labels,” said seventh-grader Karena Burgstaler. Another student James Erickson began to control his sugar input because it almost went over his daily calorie intake goal.8. After taking the health class, the studen

36、ts _.A. pay more attention to food pricesB. eat more food with labelsC. try to keep a balanced dietD. stop eating sugary food9. What do we know about the students from the first two paragraphs?A. They try to cook healthy food with fewer calories.B. They learn about health and nutrition from a class.

37、C. They create a popular online calorie counter.D. They teach people about food nutrition in class.10. Which of the following will Adam Carlson agree with?A. Calories matter more than protein.B. Fewer calories means better health.C. The calorie counter doesnt help.D. Healthy eating habits are import

38、ant.11. What is the best title for the text?A. Eating with an online calorie counterB. Counting calories to stay healthyC. Opinions on how to balance your dietD. A health class at Aitkin Independent Age【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. B【解析】本文是说明文，讲述的是人们应该计算每天吃的食物里的卡路里，以保持健康。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段In fact, this is

39、part of the schools health class. It includes heart health, nutrition and fitness. Students can learn basic knowledge about fats, proteins, calories and sugar.和第三段第一句Students learn how to balance calories in and out.Students learn how to balance calories in and out.可知，在上了健康课之后，学生们尽力保持均衡的饮食。故选C。【9题详解

40、】细节理解题。根据第二段In fact, this is part of the schools health class. It includes heart health, nutrition and fitness. Students can learn basic knowledge about fats, proteins, calories and sugar.可知，通过前两段我们了解到学生在上课时学习有关健康和营养的知识。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Making one healthy eating decision can really make a diff

41、erence.,可知，Adam Carlson同意“健康的饮食习惯很重要。”故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段How many calories are there in every meal you eat? That seems like a difficult question to answer. But students at Aitkin High School in the United States can easily answer it now. They put what they eat into an online calorie counter（计算器）.

42、 It quickly measures the amount of calories in their meals.你吃的每顿饭有多少卡路里？这似乎是一个很难回答的问题。但是美国的艾特金高中的学生现在可以很容易地回答这个问题。他们把他们吃的东西放进一个在线的卡路里计数器里。它能迅速测量出食物中卡路里的含量。可知本文讲述的是人们应该计算每天吃的食物里的卡路里，以保持健康。故选B。DEarlier this year, China achieved a new milestone in space exploration. On Jan. 3, Change 4 became the first

43、 space probe (探测器) in history to successfully land on the far side (dark side) of the moon. After a 26-day journey, it touched softly down on a crater. The whole process of landing lasted 12 minutes, which opened a new page in history of mankinds space exploration.The far side of the moon is the sid

44、e that we can not see. We dont know much about it. This landing is of great importance. The far side of the moon is an ideal place for scientific research. It may have unique minerals (矿物质）and other resources. Scientists can make clearer observations of deep space from there.Change 4 has sent back p

45、hotos of the far side of the moon. It is also being used to carry out experiments. The data collected from these experiments could be used to help us build a base on the moon in the future. The success of the Change 4 mission (任务) is a major achievement for Chinas space program.China launched its lu

46、nar (月球的) exploration program in 2004, naming it Change. Chinese scientists set three goals-“orbiting (环绕运行), landing and sample returning”. Change 4 has realized the second goal. The third will be achieved during the Change 5 mission, which is set to take place before the end of this year.Following

47、 the success of the Change missions, Chinese scientists are looking even farther into our solar system. Chinas first Mars mission is expected to be carried out by 2020.12. Change 4 is the first space probe in the world to land _.A. in deep spaceB. on the moonC. on the near side of the moonD. on the

48、far side of the moon13. The underlined word “observations” in paragraph 2 meansA. 学习B. 观察C. 描述D. 庆祝14. Which of the following is the second goal of Chinas lunar exploration program?A. Landing on the moon.B. Bringing some samples back to the earthC. Building a base on the moon.D. Travelling around th

49、e moon.15. What can be the best title of the passage?A. The Space ProbeB. Exploring the MoonC. The Three GoalsD. Exploring the Mars【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B【解析】本文为说明文。主要讲述嫦娥四号成为历史上第一个登录月球背面的重要事件，标志着我国深空探索进入了新的阶段，随着嫦娥任务的成功，科学家正在进一步探索我们的太阳系。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据On Jan. 3, Change 4 became the first space p

50、robe (探测器) in history to successfully land on the far side (dark side) of the moon(1月3日，嫦娥四号成为历史上第一个成功登陆月球背面(暗面)的太空探测器。)可知，嫦娥四号是世界上第一个登陆到月球背面的探测器, 故选D。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据It may have unique minerals (矿物质）and other resources. Scientists can make clearer observations of deep space from there(它可能有独特的矿物和其他资源

51、。科学家可以从那里更清楚地观察到外层空间。)可知，它可能有独特的矿物质和其他的资源，而且科学家能够对外层空间进行更清晰的观察，所以observation的意思为“观察”，故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据Chinese scientists set three goals-“orbiting (环绕运行), landing and sample returning”.可知，中国科学家制定了三个目标:环绕运行、登陆和采集样本返回3三个阶段,所以第二阶段是登陆月球，故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文特别是第一段内容可知，本文主要讲述嫦娥四号登陆到月球背面这一重大事件，并且讲述月球探险项

52、目的目标以及此次事件的意义，都是围绕探险月球展开的，故选B。第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Keep a Relationship Healthy and StrongAre you new to experiencing relationships? Well, let me give you advice on having a healthy and possibly long-term relationship.Be an honest person with them. _16

53、_ Dont be afraid to say things that isnt very flattering about yourself. Getting them to trust you is the most important element in any relationship. If theres no trust, theres nothing there. So please be honest and theyll learn to open up to you.Make sure you give them respect. Now respect isnt jus

54、t simply treating her or him nicely. Theres a lot more to it. You have to learn to adjust to their liking. _17_ Dont just think about yourself, think about what your partner needs out of it as well._18_ Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positivity at the same time. Make them f

55、eel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with. This is an important step in a relationship. Your partner has to be able to count on you when needed.Make sure you have a good sense of humor with them. Laughter is the key to happiness. Laugh a lot with them, joke with them. Laug

56、hter may seem silly, but its the secret to a lot in life. It will keep the sparks alive. _19_Make sure the communication is good. This goes along with trust, but always communicate how you feel, even if its something that upsets you. Instead of screaming, talk to them. _20_ Its important to communic

57、ate this to them, not keep it bottled up.A. Show them your personality.B. Do not hide things from them, do not lie.C. Make sure you are encouraging to your partner.D. Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting.E. You can neglect them and make them feel unwanted.F. Basically, learn to study y

58、our partners moods, wants and needs.G. If they did something that made you upset, tell them about it in a respectful manner.【答案】16. B 17. F 18. C 19. D 20. G【解析】本文属于说明文，介绍了维持一种牢固而又健康的人际关系的几个策略。【16题详解】根据横线前一句Be an honest person with them.(做一个诚实的人)和后一句Dont be afraid to say things that isnt very flatte

59、ring about yourself.可知作者在本段中建议我们要诚实，不要害怕说一些不太讨人喜欢的事情，不要对别人隐瞒，也不要说谎。故选B。【17题详解】根据前后两句You have to learn to adjust to their liking.和Don t just think about yourself ,think about what your partner needs out of it as well.可知作者告诉我们要了解自己同伴的需求，不要只是考虑自己的感受和需要。故选F。【18题详解】根据下面两句Always be willing to help them an

60、d give them honesty and positivity at the same time. Make them feel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with.可知要愿意帮助他人，要让别人知道我们是值得依赖的，也就是说要保证自己对别人是有帮助的。故选C。【19题详解】根据本段前面2句Make sure you have a good sense of humor with them. Laughter is the key to happiness.可知保持幽默感很重要，因为开心是幸福的关

61、键。作者在本段中告诉我们要通过笑让我们的之间的关系更稳固持久。故选D。【20题详解】根据本段最后一句It s important to communicate this to them , not keep it bottled up.可知和别人的交流很重要，而且要注意交流的方式方法。故G项“如果他们做了什么让你心烦意乱的事，以尊重的方式告诉他们。”符合上下文，故选G。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1. 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。I had

62、 to visit my sister in another town because her husband was very ill. My whole family couldnt go because school was in session. My _21_ stayed back in their fathers care, except for the youngest children, who was just one year old. I was _22_ about taking a train journey _23_ with my daughter. I kne

63、w I had to go, so I gathered all my courage and _24_ the train. After waving goodbye to my husband, I _25_.There were only three other passengers in that carriage. Two of them were quite elderly, _26_ one was a young man. My daughter was crying, _27_ her dad. I tried to comfort her, giving her water and some biscuits, but her crying wouldnt stop. By this time I was getting _28_ the disturbance being caused to others. One of the elderly was dozing (打瞌睡), _29_ the other seemed to get annoyed. Although I tried my best to comfor