中考英语冲刺语法-代词、连词

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1、 中考考情分析-代词考点一人称代词l.人称代词： 人称代词是表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、我们”、“你们”、“他们”等的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表： 数与格单数单数复数复数人称主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou他hehimtheythem她shehertheythem它itittheythem2.人称代词的用法：(l)主格在句子中作主语和表语（口语常用宾格）。(2)宾格在句子中作动词和介词的宾语，在口语中还可以用作表语。(3)强调句型中，强调主语用主格，强调宾语用宾格。(4)than或as后的比较对象为代词时可以用主格，也可以用宾

2、格。(5)多个人称代词同时出现时，单数形式为：you，he/she and I，但在表示承认错误、承担责任时，则表示为：I，he/she and you; 复数形式为：we. you and they.考点二物主代词1物主代词：表示所有关系的代词叫“物主代词”。物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种，列表如下：形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs2.物主代词的用法：(1)形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语，放在名词之前，不能独立使用。(2)名词性物主代词在句中可以作主语

3、、宾语或表语，相当于名词，后面不能跟名词。(3)名词性物主代词常和of连用作定语。(4)形容词性物主代词可以和own连用，后面可以跟名词，也可以不跟名词。考点三反身代词1.反身代词：表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“她自己”、“它自己”、“我们自己”、“你们自己”、“他们自己”等的代词叫“反身代词”。反身代词的第一、二人称构成是在形容词性物主代词后加self（复数加selves）；第三人称反身代词是在宾格后加self (复数加selves）构成，列表如下。 人称数第一人称第二人称第三人称第三人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数myse

4、lvesyourselveshimselvesherselvesitselves2反身代词的用法：(l)反身代词在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语的同位语，强调“亲自，本人”。(2)反身代词作宾语时，常用在enjoy，teach，help，buy，wash，look after，hurt，dress等动词后面。(3)反身代词也可以放在介词后构成固定搭配。考点四指示代词l.指示代词：表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等的代词叫“指示代词”。指示代词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。2.指示代词的用法：(l)this和these 表示在时间上或空间上较近的人或物。(2)that和those 表

5、示在时间上或空间上较远的人或物。(3)this和these 可以表示前面叙述过的事，也可以表示将要说的或做的事；that和those只能指前面叙述过的事。(4)在打电话时，常用that询问对方是谁，用this介绍自己。(5)在表示比较的句子中，that指代单数的人或物,those指代复数的人或物。考点五不定代词1.不定代词： 没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的词叫“不定代词”，常见的有：普通不定代词和复合不定代词。普通不定代词some,any,no, few, little, many, much, either,neither, each, every, both, all, none,

6、other等复合不定代词表人somebodayanybodayeverybodaynobodaysomeoneanyoneeveryoneno one表物somethinganythingeverythingnothing2.不定代词的用法：(1)不定代词代替名词或形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。(2)any 意为“一些，任何”。any 多用于否定或疑问句中，在句中作主语、宾语或定语。any作定语时，它 所修饰的名词没有单复数限制，一般多用复数；any用在肯定句中，表示“任何”。(3)some意为“一些，某些，某个”。some多用在肯定句中或对方可能给予肯定回答的疑问句中。(4)n

7、o意为“无”。在句中作定语，表示否定，语气要比not any强。(5)none意为“无人，无物，无东西”，在句中作主语、定语或宾语。none在句中修饰不可数名词作定语时，谓语动词要用单数形式；none在句中修饰可数名词作定语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。(6)many 意为“许多”，在句中作主语、宾语或定语，many在句中修饰可数名词。(7)much意为“许多”，在句中作主语、宾语或定语，much在句中修饰不可数名词。(8)a few和a little意为“几个，一点儿”，表肯定；few和little意为“没几个，没多少”，表否定。它们在句中作主语、宾语或定语，其中a few和few修饰可数名词，

8、a little和 little 修饰不可数名词。(9)当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词时其反意疑问句的主语用they代替；当句子的主语是表物的复合不定代词时，其反意疑问句的主语用it代替。考点六疑问代词疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等，在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。其形式及用法如下：疑问代词主要用法who主语、表语、宾语（作宾语时不能放在介词后）。whomwho的宾格形式，作宾语。whosewho的所有格形式，一般作定语，也可作主语。what/ whowhat 用于询问某人的职业。who 用于询问某人的身份或姓名what/whichwhat 指不定数目中的“哪一个

9、，哪一些；什么”，没有一定的范围限定。which指在一定范围内特指的人或事物中的“哪一个”，表选择。 感悟中考真题演练1. (2012 .河南中考) -How was your trip in Chengdu? -Not so good. I stayed there for two days. But it rained on_ of the days. A. none B. neither C. both D. all2. (2012 .青岛中考)-I dont have white shoes for tomorrow s speech contest. -My brother has_

10、 pair. Would you like to try_ on? A. a; it B. one; it C. one; them D. two; them3. (2012 .重庆中考) Reading more helps_ learn better. A. we B. our C. us D. ours4. (2012杭州中考) You look worried! Is_ all right? A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing5. (2012 .武汉中考) When the Greens moved into the ho

11、use last week,_was at sixes and sevens, so they did a big cleaning. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing6. (2012 .连云港中考 )-Have you bought_ for Lindas birthday? -Not exactly. Just some flowers. A. something unusual B. anything unusual C. unusual something D. unusual anything7. (2012 .滨州中

12、考) I am very thirsty. Could you please give me_ water? A. some B. little C. many D. other8. (2012 .东营中考) _ went hiking last weekend because of the bad weather.A. Someone B. No one C. Everyone D. Nothing9. (2012临沂中考)Life is_ dictionary. We should learn directly from it. A. we B. us C. our D. ours10.

13、(2012烟台中考)-Do you like communicating with your friends on QQ or MSN? - _. Id rather_the mobile phone. A. Either; use B. Neither; use C. Both ; not to use D. Neither; to use11. (2012 . 温州中考) Peter is my best friend. He often helps_with science. A. me B. you C. him D. her12. (2012 .无锡中考 ) She got up t

14、o get some sleeping pills but found there was_left at home.A. nothing B. none C. something D. nobody13. (2012 .荆州中考)-Is your father or mother a teacher? -_. My father is a doctor and my mother is an office worker. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None14. (2012 .乐山中考)If you cant decide which of the tw

15、o books to borrow, why dont you take_? I wont read them this week. A. all B. either C. both15. (2012 . 荆州中考) Ms. Wang is an excellent teacher._in our class loves her.A. Someone B. No one C. Everyone D. Anyone16. (2012 .北京中考)The lovely girl is from Class 6. _ name is Alice. A. Her B. His C. Your D. I

16、ts17. (2012 .上海中考)I cant connect my computer to the Internet. There must be_wrong with it. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing18. (2012 .南昌中考)Its easy to find a good hotel in our city because we have_ of them here. A. none B. few C. many D. each19. (2012 .天津中考) Please pass me the carto

17、on book_ has a Mickey Mouse on the cover. A. whom B. whose C. who D. which20. (2012 .福州中考)-Steve, did you see the lantern show when you were in Fuzhou? -Of course! _ beautiful lanterns! A. What B. How C. What a 21.（2013.广州中考） The man called his professor for help because he couldnt solve the problem

18、 by _. A. herself B. himself C.yourself D. themselves22.（20l3北京中考）I cant find my pen. Could you help_to find it? A. me B. her C. him D. them23.（2013上海中考）_is waiting for you at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you. A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Everybody D. Nobody24.(2013. 天津中考) This morning Diana inv

19、ited _to_birthday party. A.I; her B.I；hers C. me; her D. me; hers25. (2013 .青岛中考)I dont have a present for my friend. What if_ else brings a present? A. anybody B. nobody C. everyone D. none26. (2012 .上海中考) I cant connect my computer to the Internet. There must be_ wrong with it. A. something B. eve

20、rything C. anything D. nothing27.(2013 .苏州中考)-Your tea smells great. -It s from India. Would you like_? A. it B. this C. some D. little 中考考情分析-连词连词是用于连接词、短语或句子的虚词，不单独作为句子成分。按意义可分为并列连词和从属连词两类。考点一并列连词1.表示平行或承接：and; as well as; both. and.；not only.but also.; neither.nor. 等。 例如： Not only scientists but

21、also the whole world cares about more and more often earthquakes.2.表示转折：but；yet；while（然而）；however 等。 例如： Most students like sports while a few hate to have P.E. lessons.3.表示选择：or；either.or. ；not. but. （不是而是）等。例如： They do the work not for money but for fun. 4.表示因果: for；so 等。 例如：Its very cold today, s

22、o we want to stay at home.考点二从属连词（用于引导从句）1.引导宾语从句的连词 (l) that引导由陈述句转变成的宾语从句，口语或非正式用语中可省略。例如： Tom has gone to Japan. I hear that Tom has gone to Japan. (2) if/whether引导由一般疑问句转变成的宾语从句，一般可互换，以下情况只用whether, 介词后的宾语从句；后跟动词不定式；句中含有or not时。例如： I wonder _ he will come or not. (3) 引导由特殊疑问句转变成的宾语从句，常用who, whom

23、, which, whose, what, when, where, why，how，whatever，whoever等。 例如： Can you tell us what youre doing for vacation?2.引导状语从句的从属连词(l)引导时间状语从句的连词：when，while，as，until, till，since, as soon as. before. after等。 例如： While we were reading, the teacher wrote some questions on the blackboard.(2)引导原因状语从句的连词：becaus

24、e，as, since等。例如： Since it rained hardly, no one came to our yard sale.(3)引导目的状语从句的连词：so，so that, in order that等。例如：We wear sunglasses in summer so that we can keep out the sun.(4)引导结果状语从句的连词： so.that, such.that 等。例如： Its such a good movie that Id like to see it again.(5)引导条件状语从句的连词：if，unless, as/so

25、long as 等。例如： We wont give it up unless we run out of time.(6)引导地点状语从句的连词：where, wherever 等。例如： Bob would like to go wherever he likes.(7)引导让步状语从句的连词: although, though, however(= no matter how)，even if/though 等。例如：The boy knows a lot about the Great Wall, although he has never been there before.(8)引

26、导比较状语从句的连词： as，than,as.as，not so/as.as 等。例如： My cousin is as old as me. 感悟中考真题演练1. (2012 . 青岛中考)_ Rita_ her mother know my address. They often drop by my home. A. Not; but B. Both; and C. Either; or D. Not only; but also2. (2012 .河南中考)We should give the boy another chance_ he has made some mistakes.

27、 A. though B. when C. unless D. because3. (2012 .福州中考)_my father_ my mother take good care of me. I love them so much. A. Either; or B. Both; and C. Neither; nor4. (2012 .江西中考)_the girl is only nine, she takes care of her brothers and cooks meals every day. A. If B. Because C. Although D. As5. (2012

28、 .重庆中考)I didnt believe he could drive_ he told me. A. once B. while C. since D. until6. (2012 .南昌中考)I know_ I promised to take you to dinner, but I wont finish working until ten oclock. A. that B. if C. what D. why7. (2012 .无锡中考) The old theatre will close soon _some extra donations are made. A. so

29、B. if C. because D. unless8. (2012杭州中考 ) You make lunch,_Ill take care of the baby. A. but B. or C. for D. and9. (2011 . 青岛中考)Basketball has a history of nearly 300 years. Today it is still loved by_ the young_the old. A. both; and B. either; or C. not; but D. neither; nor10. (2012 .乐山中考) A typhoon

30、hit this area with heavy rains and winds_ strong as what happened in 2008. A. as B. so C. too11. (2012 .北京中考 ) There are no buses,_ youll have to walk. A. so B. or C. but D. for12. (2012 .大连中考)Music isnt Sallys main interest, _she wants to see some Beijing Opera today. A. so B. and C. or D. but13. (

31、2012 .大庆中考)-Hurry up, _ you will miss the school bus. - I know that, Mum. Ill be ready in a minute. A. or B. and C. nor D. but14. (2012 .连云港中考) The First Huaguoshan International Golf Open was_success that we enjoyed ourselves very much. A. such a great B. a such great C. so a great D. a so great15.

32、 ( 2012 .滨州中考 ) Mary, put on your coat, _ youll catch a cold. A. and B. or C . so D. but16. (2012 .荷泽中考) My friend Frank sings well, and he is_ good at playing the guitar.A. not B. also C. yet D. too 17. (2013 .青岛中考) Dont meet an Internet friend alone. _something dangerous may happen to you. A. but

33、B. and C. or D. yet18. (2013 .青岛中考)I still remember my first teacher_ we havent seen each other for many years. A. for B. because C. since D. though19. (2013. 北京中考)-Which do you prefer, tea_ coffee? -Tea. please! A. but B. so C. or D. and19. (2013 .广州中考) I hate travelling by air _ you usually have t

34、o waiting for several hours before the plane takes off. . A. because B. though C. until D. unless20. (2013 .苏州中考) Were going to Suzhou Amusement Park in Lindas card. You can come with us_ you can meet us there later. - A. or B. but C. and D. then21. (2013 .天津中考) You will be late for school _ you don

35、t get up early. A. but B. if C. and D. or22. (2013 .厦门中考 ) -Would you like to my party on Saturday, Sam? - Id love to,_ I cant. I have to take a piano lesson. A. and B. but C. or 综合能力提升.动词填空 （一）teach, relax, wait, have, be, sleep, not talk1. Lucy,_on the phone so long.2. Be quiet. The baby_.3. She i

36、s a student. She_English at school.4. George Bridge is a good place_ fun.5. This lion is very lazy. It _20 hours every day.6. Hi, Kitty. There is a woman at the school gate_ for you.7. There_ a class meeting. Were going to talk about the slogan of our class. 动词填空 （三）needs，and, like, water, when, ano

37、ther, often, friendship,good, richGraduation is coming! Many students are leaving school. What are they taking with them? A lot of things for sure. but the most important thing is _1_. We asked some teachers to give us the last lesson. The lesson is Proverbs(谚语) about Friends. Older people_2_teach p

38、roverbs to younger people. Every culture has proverbs. They are short and easy to remember. There is a German proverb which says, Friendship is a plant we must_3_. It means that we need to take care of friends _4_ taking care of a garden. OnLy your real friends will tell you when your face is dirty.

39、 is _5_ proverb from Japan. It means that only good fricnds tell you _6_you are making a mistake. My grandfather told me, Nobody is so_7_that he can throw away a friend. Everyone_8_friends. Be good to them. Goodbye, friends! Dont forget us!.阅读表达On the weekend, my parents often take me to the zoo in

40、our city because I like animals. 在动物园里,有老虎、猴子、熊猫和其他的动物。Some animals are very friendly, but some animals are_, such as bears and lions. That is why they have to live in cages. But I dont think its good for animals to live in cages. They should be free. The animals in cages cant be happy. Tigers usual

41、ly live in forests. They can run very fast and they eat small animals; but now, they live in small rooms. They have nothing to do every day. So they walk in the cages, and they want to get out. When they are tired. they sleep. I am sorry for them. I think the most interesting animals in the zoo are

42、dolphins. . I like watching them swim in the water. They can play with a ball. They can stand up and walk on water! Theyre very friendly to people. If you fall into the water and if you cant swim, they may come up to help you.1.在空格处填上一个符合句意的单词。 Some animals are very friendly, but some animals _.2.请将画线部分处的句子翻译成英语。 _3.请将画线部分处的句子翻译成汉语。_4.回答问题：What are the writers favorite animals? _5.从文中找出与“They havent anything to do every day”意思相近的句子，写在下面的横线上。 _。